--- annotations_creators: - human-annotated language: - arb - deu - ell - eng - hin - ron - rus - spa - tha - tur - vie - zho license: cc-by-sa-4.0 multilinguality: multilingual source_datasets: - google/xquad task_categories: - text-retrieval - multiple-choice-qa - question-answering task_ids: - multiple-choice-qa - question-answering dataset_info: - config_name: ar-corpus features: - name: id dtype: string - name: text dtype: string - name: title dtype: string splits: - name: validation num_bytes: 313871 num_examples: 240 download_size: 169782 dataset_size: 313871 - config_name: ar-qrels features: - name: query-id dtype: string - name: corpus-id dtype: string - name: score dtype: int64 splits: - name: validation num_bytes: 123344 num_examples: 1186 download_size: 29722 dataset_size: 123344 - config_name: ar-queries features: - name: id dtype: string - name: text dtype: string splits: - name: validation num_bytes: 153864 num_examples: 1186 download_size: 68993 dataset_size: 153864 - config_name: de-corpus features: - name: id dtype: string - name: text dtype: string - name: title dtype: string splits: - name: validation num_bytes: 236525 num_examples: 240 download_size: 156096 dataset_size: 236525 - config_name: de-qrels features: - name: query-id dtype: string - name: corpus-id dtype: string - name: score dtype: int64 splits: - name: validation num_bytes: 122824 num_examples: 1181 download_size: 29302 dataset_size: 122824 - config_name: de-queries features: - name: id dtype: string - name: text dtype: string splits: - name: validation num_bytes: 120499 num_examples: 1181 download_size: 63508 dataset_size: 120499 - config_name: el-corpus features: - name: id dtype: string - name: text dtype: string - name: title dtype: string splits: - name: validation num_bytes: 402174 num_examples: 240 download_size: 211231 dataset_size: 402174 - config_name: el-qrels features: - name: query-id dtype: string - name: corpus-id dtype: string - name: score dtype: int64 splits: - name: validation num_bytes: 123136 num_examples: 1184 download_size: 29704 dataset_size: 123136 - config_name: el-queries features: - name: id dtype: string - name: text dtype: string splits: - name: validation num_bytes: 184504 num_examples: 1184 download_size: 82326 dataset_size: 184504 - config_name: en-corpus features: - name: id dtype: string - name: text dtype: string - name: title dtype: string splits: - name: validation num_bytes: 206950 num_examples: 240 download_size: 137637 dataset_size: 206950 - config_name: en-qrels features: - name: query-id dtype: string - name: corpus-id dtype: string - name: score dtype: int64 splits: - name: validation num_bytes: 123240 num_examples: 1185 download_size: 29725 dataset_size: 123240 - config_name: en-queries features: - name: id dtype: string - name: text dtype: string splits: - name: validation num_bytes: 110519 num_examples: 1185 download_size: 56731 dataset_size: 110519 - config_name: es-corpus features: - name: id dtype: string - name: text dtype: string - name: title dtype: string splits: - name: validation num_bytes: 234304 num_examples: 240 download_size: 153514 dataset_size: 234304 - config_name: es-qrels features: - name: query-id dtype: string - name: corpus-id dtype: string - name: score dtype: int64 splits: - name: validation num_bytes: 123136 num_examples: 1184 download_size: 29715 dataset_size: 123136 - config_name: es-queries features: - name: id dtype: string - name: text dtype: string splits: - name: validation num_bytes: 122546 num_examples: 1184 download_size: 61640 dataset_size: 122546 - config_name: hi-corpus features: - name: id dtype: string - name: text dtype: string - name: title dtype: string splits: - name: validation num_bytes: 487228 num_examples: 240 download_size: 207382 dataset_size: 487228 - config_name: hi-qrels features: - name: query-id dtype: string - name: corpus-id dtype: string - name: score dtype: int64 splits: - name: validation num_bytes: 123032 num_examples: 1183 download_size: 29708 dataset_size: 123032 - config_name: hi-queries features: - name: id dtype: string - name: text dtype: string splits: - name: validation num_bytes: 220396 num_examples: 1183 download_size: 80511 dataset_size: 220396 - config_name: ro-corpus features: - name: id dtype: string - name: text dtype: string - name: title dtype: string splits: - name: validation num_bytes: 239618 num_examples: 240 download_size: 160019 dataset_size: 239618 - config_name: ro-qrels features: - name: query-id dtype: string - name: corpus-id dtype: string - name: score dtype: int64 splits: - name: validation num_bytes: 123136 num_examples: 1184 download_size: 29715 dataset_size: 123136 - config_name: ro-queries features: - name: id dtype: string - name: text dtype: string splits: - name: validation num_bytes: 121020 num_examples: 1184 download_size: 63385 dataset_size: 121020 - config_name: ru-corpus features: - name: id dtype: string - name: text dtype: string - name: title dtype: string splits: - name: validation num_bytes: 389275 num_examples: 240 download_size: 205762 dataset_size: 389275 - config_name: ru-qrels features: - name: query-id dtype: string - name: corpus-id dtype: string - name: score dtype: int64 splits: - name: validation num_bytes: 123240 num_examples: 1185 download_size: 29727 dataset_size: 123240 - config_name: ru-queries features: - name: id dtype: string - name: text dtype: string splits: - name: validation num_bytes: 179858 num_examples: 1185 download_size: 81773 dataset_size: 179858 - config_name: th-corpus features: - name: id dtype: string - name: text dtype: string - name: title dtype: string splits: - name: validation num_bytes: 518199 num_examples: 240 download_size: 216576 dataset_size: 518199 - config_name: th-qrels features: - name: query-id dtype: string - name: corpus-id dtype: string - name: score dtype: int64 splits: - name: validation num_bytes: 122720 num_examples: 1180 download_size: 29653 dataset_size: 122720 - config_name: th-queries features: - name: id dtype: string - name: text dtype: string splits: - name: validation num_bytes: 227425 num_examples: 1180 download_size: 82721 dataset_size: 227425 - config_name: tr-corpus features: - name: id dtype: string - name: text dtype: string - name: title dtype: string splits: - name: validation num_bytes: 223603 num_examples: 240 download_size: 147657 dataset_size: 223603 - config_name: tr-qrels features: - name: query-id dtype: string - name: corpus-id dtype: string - name: score dtype: int64 splits: - name: validation num_bytes: 123136 num_examples: 1184 download_size: 29654 dataset_size: 123136 - config_name: tr-queries features: - name: id dtype: string - name: text dtype: string splits: - name: validation num_bytes: 116432 num_examples: 1184 download_size: 60478 dataset_size: 116432 - config_name: vi-corpus features: - name: id dtype: string - name: text dtype: string - name: title dtype: string splits: - name: validation num_bytes: 270881 num_examples: 240 download_size: 153252 dataset_size: 270881 - config_name: vi-qrels features: - name: query-id dtype: string - name: corpus-id dtype: string - name: score dtype: int64 splits: - name: validation num_bytes: 122928 num_examples: 1182 download_size: 29704 dataset_size: 122928 - config_name: vi-queries features: - name: id dtype: string - name: text dtype: string splits: - name: validation num_bytes: 134045 num_examples: 1182 download_size: 61988 dataset_size: 134045 - config_name: zh-corpus features: - name: id dtype: string - name: text dtype: string - name: title dtype: string splits: - name: validation num_bytes: 182672 num_examples: 240 download_size: 136522 dataset_size: 182672 - config_name: zh-qrels features: - name: query-id dtype: string - name: corpus-id dtype: string - name: score dtype: int64 splits: - name: validation num_bytes: 122824 num_examples: 1181 download_size: 29690 dataset_size: 122824 - config_name: zh-queries features: - name: id dtype: string - name: text dtype: string splits: - name: validation num_bytes: 99983 num_examples: 1181 download_size: 53854 dataset_size: 99983 configs: - config_name: ar-corpus data_files: - split: validation path: ar-corpus/validation-* - config_name: ar-qrels data_files: - split: validation path: ar-qrels/validation-* - config_name: ar-queries data_files: - split: validation path: ar-queries/validation-* - config_name: de-corpus data_files: - split: validation path: de-corpus/validation-* - config_name: de-qrels data_files: - split: validation path: de-qrels/validation-* - config_name: de-queries data_files: - split: validation path: de-queries/validation-* - config_name: el-corpus data_files: - split: validation path: el-corpus/validation-* - config_name: el-qrels data_files: - split: validation path: el-qrels/validation-* - config_name: el-queries data_files: - split: validation path: el-queries/validation-* - config_name: en-corpus data_files: - split: validation path: en-corpus/validation-* - config_name: en-qrels data_files: - split: validation path: en-qrels/validation-* - config_name: en-queries data_files: - split: validation path: en-queries/validation-* - config_name: es-corpus data_files: - split: validation path: es-corpus/validation-* - config_name: es-qrels data_files: - split: validation path: es-qrels/validation-* - config_name: es-queries data_files: - split: validation path: es-queries/validation-* - config_name: hi-corpus data_files: - split: validation path: hi-corpus/validation-* - config_name: hi-qrels data_files: - split: validation path: hi-qrels/validation-* - config_name: hi-queries data_files: - split: validation path: hi-queries/validation-* - config_name: ro-corpus data_files: - split: validation path: ro-corpus/validation-* - config_name: ro-qrels data_files: - split: validation path: ro-qrels/validation-* - config_name: ro-queries data_files: - split: validation path: ro-queries/validation-* - config_name: ru-corpus data_files: - split: validation path: ru-corpus/validation-* - config_name: ru-qrels data_files: - split: validation path: ru-qrels/validation-* - config_name: ru-queries data_files: - split: validation path: ru-queries/validation-* - config_name: th-corpus data_files: - split: validation path: th-corpus/validation-* - config_name: th-qrels data_files: - split: validation path: th-qrels/validation-* - config_name: th-queries data_files: - split: validation path: th-queries/validation-* - config_name: tr-corpus data_files: - split: validation path: tr-corpus/validation-* - config_name: tr-qrels data_files: - split: validation path: tr-qrels/validation-* - config_name: tr-queries data_files: - split: validation path: tr-queries/validation-* - config_name: vi-corpus data_files: - split: validation path: vi-corpus/validation-* - config_name: vi-qrels data_files: - split: validation path: vi-qrels/validation-* - config_name: vi-queries data_files: - split: validation path: vi-queries/validation-* - config_name: zh-corpus data_files: - split: validation path: zh-corpus/validation-* - config_name: zh-qrels data_files: - split: validation path: zh-qrels/validation-* - config_name: zh-queries data_files: - split: validation path: zh-queries/validation-* tags: - mteb - text ---

XQuADRetrieval

An MTEB dataset
Massive Text Embedding Benchmark
XQuAD is a benchmark dataset for evaluating cross-lingual question answering performance. It is repurposed retrieving relevant context for each question. | | | |---------------|---------------------------------------------| | Task category | t2t | | Domains | Web, Written | | Reference | https://huggingface.co/datasets/xquad | Source datasets: - [google/xquad](https://huggingface.co/datasets/google/xquad) ## How to evaluate on this task You can evaluate an embedding model on this dataset using the following code: ```python import mteb task = mteb.get_task("XQuADRetrieval") evaluator = mteb.MTEB([task]) model = mteb.get_model(YOUR_MODEL) evaluator.run(model) ``` To learn more about how to run models on `mteb` task check out the [GitHub repository](https://github.com/embeddings-benchmark/mteb). ## Citation If you use this dataset, please cite the dataset as well as [mteb](https://github.com/embeddings-benchmark/mteb), as this dataset likely includes additional processing as a part of the [MMTEB Contribution](https://github.com/embeddings-benchmark/mteb/tree/main/docs/mmteb). ```bibtex @article{Artetxe:etal:2019, archiveprefix = {arXiv}, author = {Mikel Artetxe and Sebastian Ruder and Dani Yogatama}, eprint = {1910.11856}, journal = {CoRR}, title = {On the cross-lingual transferability of monolingual representations}, volume = {abs/1910.11856}, year = {2019}, } @inproceedings{dumitrescu2021liro, author = {Stefan Daniel Dumitrescu and Petru Rebeja and Beata Lorincz and Mihaela Gaman and Andrei Avram and Mihai Ilie and Andrei Pruteanu and Adriana Stan and Lorena Rosia and Cristina Iacobescu and Luciana Morogan and George Dima and Gabriel Marchidan and Traian Rebedea and Madalina Chitez and Dani Yogatama and Sebastian Ruder and Radu Tudor Ionescu and Razvan Pascanu and Viorica Patraucean}, booktitle = {Thirty-fifth Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems Datasets and Benchmarks Track (Round 1)}, title = {LiRo: Benchmark and leaderboard for Romanian language tasks}, url = {https://openreview.net/forum?id=JH61CD7afTv}, year = {2021}, } @article{enevoldsen2025mmtebmassivemultilingualtext, title={MMTEB: Massive Multilingual Text Embedding Benchmark}, author={Kenneth Enevoldsen and Isaac Chung and Imene Kerboua and Márton Kardos and Ashwin Mathur and David Stap and Jay Gala and Wissam Siblini and Dominik Krzemiński and Genta Indra Winata and Saba Sturua and Saiteja Utpala and Mathieu Ciancone and Marion Schaeffer and Gabriel Sequeira and Diganta Misra and Shreeya Dhakal and Jonathan Rystrøm and Roman Solomatin and Ömer Çağatan and Akash Kundu and Martin Bernstorff and Shitao Xiao and Akshita Sukhlecha and Bhavish Pahwa and Rafał Poświata and Kranthi Kiran GV and Shawon Ashraf and Daniel Auras and Björn Plüster and Jan Philipp Harries and Loïc Magne and Isabelle Mohr and Mariya Hendriksen and Dawei Zhu and Hippolyte Gisserot-Boukhlef and Tom Aarsen and Jan Kostkan and Konrad Wojtasik and Taemin Lee and Marek Šuppa and Crystina Zhang and Roberta Rocca and Mohammed Hamdy and Andrianos Michail and John Yang and Manuel Faysse and Aleksei Vatolin and Nandan Thakur and Manan Dey and Dipam Vasani and Pranjal Chitale and Simone Tedeschi and Nguyen Tai and Artem Snegirev and Michael Günther and Mengzhou Xia and Weijia Shi and Xing Han Lù and Jordan Clive and Gayatri Krishnakumar and Anna Maksimova and Silvan Wehrli and Maria Tikhonova and Henil Panchal and Aleksandr Abramov and Malte Ostendorff and Zheng Liu and Simon Clematide and Lester James Miranda and Alena Fenogenova and Guangyu Song and Ruqiya Bin Safi and Wen-Ding Li and Alessia Borghini and Federico Cassano and Hongjin Su and Jimmy Lin and Howard Yen and Lasse Hansen and Sara Hooker and Chenghao Xiao and Vaibhav Adlakha and Orion Weller and Siva Reddy and Niklas Muennighoff}, publisher = {arXiv}, journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2502.13595}, year={2025}, url={https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.13595}, doi = {10.48550/arXiv.2502.13595}, } @article{muennighoff2022mteb, author = {Muennighoff, Niklas and Tazi, Nouamane and Magne, Loïc and Reimers, Nils}, title = {MTEB: Massive Text Embedding Benchmark}, publisher = {arXiv}, journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2210.07316}, year = {2022} url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2210.07316}, doi = {10.48550/ARXIV.2210.07316}, } ``` # Dataset Statistics
Dataset Statistics The following code contains the descriptive statistics from the task. These can also be obtained using: ```python import mteb task = mteb.get_task("XQuADRetrieval") desc_stats = task.metadata.descriptive_stats ``` ```json { "validation": { "num_samples": 17079, "number_of_characters": 3049962, "documents_text_statistics": { "total_text_length": 2211718, "min_text_length": 56, "average_text_length": 767.9576388888889, "max_text_length": 3884, "unique_texts": 2880 }, "documents_image_statistics": null, "queries_text_statistics": { "total_text_length": 838244, "min_text_length": 6, "average_text_length": 59.03542502993169, "max_text_length": 307, "unique_texts": 14196 }, "queries_image_statistics": null, "relevant_docs_statistics": { "num_relevant_docs": 14199, "min_relevant_docs_per_query": 1, "average_relevant_docs_per_query": 1.0, "max_relevant_docs_per_query": 1, "unique_relevant_docs": 2880 }, "top_ranked_statistics": null } } ```
--- *This dataset card was automatically generated using [MTEB](https://github.com/embeddings-benchmark/mteb)*