what's the capital of україна?
user
The capital of Ukraine (україна) is Kyiv (Київ).
assistant
what's the population of київ?
user
The population of Kyiv (Київ) is approximately 3 million people.
assistant
can you tell me more about the history of київ?
user
Kyiv (Київ), the capital of Ukraine, has a rich and complex history dating back over 1,500 years. Here are some key points:

- **Founding and Early History**: Kyiv is traditionally believed to have been founded in the 5th century, though archaeological evidence suggests human settlement in the area dates back to the 2nd century BC. The city gained prominence as a center of Slavic culture and trade.

- **Kievan Rus'**: From the 9th to the 12th centuries, Kyiv was the capital of Kievan Rus', a powerful Eastern Slavic state. Under the rule of Prince Yaroslav the Wise (1019–1054), Kyiv flourished as a major political, economic, and cultural hub. The city was known for its impressive architecture, including the Saint Sophia Cathedral, a UNESCO World Heritage site.

- **Mongol Invasion**: In 1240, Kyiv was devastated by the Mongol invasion led by Batu Khan. The city fell into decline and was later contested by various powers, including the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.

- **Cossack Era**: In the 17th century, Kyiv became part of the Ukrainian Cossack state, the Cossack Hetmanate. The city experienced a cultural and religious renaissance during this period, with the establishment of the Kyiv-Mohyla Academy, one of the first higher educational institutions in Eastern Europe.

- **Russian Empire**: In the late 18th century, Kyiv was annexed by the Russian Empire. The city continued to grow and became an important industrial and cultural center. Russian influence brought significant changes to the city's architecture and social structure.

- **Soviet Period**: After the Russian Revolution of 1917, Kyiv became part of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic. The city suffered greatly during World War II, including the tragic Babi Yar massacre in 1941, where tens of thousands of Jews and other civilians were executed by the Nazis.

- **Post-War Development**: In the post-war period, Kyiv underwent rapid industrialization and urbanization. The city became a major scientific and cultural center in the USSR.

- **Independence and Modern Era**: Following the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, Kyiv became the capital of independent Ukraine. The city has since played a crucial role in significant political events, including the Orange Revolution in 2004 and the Euromaidan protests in 2013-2014.

Today, Kyiv is a vibrant city with a rich historical legacy, modern infrastructure, and a diverse cultural scene.
assistant