Note that a weighted sum of these costs could be used to directly rerank realizations, in much the same way as relative frequencies and concatenation costs are used in (Bulyko and Ostendorf, 2002); in our experiments, we let SVM light determine how to weight these costs.
since COSTS does significantly improve upon NGRAM2 (t a Q:S, p < H:HHI), there is some value to the use of synthesizer features in the absence of WORDS.