Therefore, bias and factuality can be analogous to the facial AUs in (Walecki et al., 2016), and represent two aspects of news reporting, each being modeled on a multi-point ordinal scale.
we model bias on a 7-point scale (extreme-left, left, center-left, center, centerright, right, and extreme-right), and factuality on a 3-point scale (low, mixed, and high).