For a first-language word association (x, x'(j))-where a target word is given as x and its j-th associated word is given as x'(j)-a set consisting of second-language word associations alignable with it, denoted as Y(x, x'(j)), is constructed.
where R 2 is the collection of word associations extracted from a corpus of the second language, and D is a bilingual dictionary to be adapted.