Viewpoints of the observer do not seem to play an important role in in and out orientations.
nei4 and wai4 are symmetric as in (1a)-(1d): guo2nei4 國內 'inside the country; domestic'/guo2wai4 國外 'outside the country; abroad'; nei4meng2 內 蒙 'Inner Mongolia'/ wai4meng2 外蒙 'Outer Mongolia'; nei4xiao1 內銷 'sell domestically'/wai4xiao1 外銷 'export', etc.