We measured all runtimes on an Intel Xeon E7-8857 CPU at 3 GHz using Java 8.
classical grammar formalisms such as TAG (Joshi and Schabes, 1997) and ccG (Steedman, 2001) have been equipped with expressive statistical models, and high-performance parsers have become available (clark and curran, 2007;Lewis and Steedman, 2014;Kallmeyer and Maier, 2013).