For example, in , the determinater errors are decomposed into: For a task with a few error types such as merely determinative and preposition error in HOO 2012, manually decomposition may be sufficient.
for CoNLL-2014, all 28 error types are required to be corrected and some of these types such as Rloc-(Local redundancy) and Um (Unclear meaning) are quite complex that the manual decomposition is time consuming and requires lots of grammatical knowledges.