Based on this, to solve the second problem, we propose to derive the transformation matrices of unseen intents using the transformation matrices of seen intents and the similarities between unseen and seen intents, and then make predictions for unseen intents with the transformation matrices.
given a matrix Q ∈ R L×K that encodes the similarities between unseen and seen intents, for an unseen intent l, we propose to construct the transformation matrix W lr for the r-th semantic capsule with respect to the l-th unseen intent by: where q lk is the element in the l-th row and the kth column of Q, W kr is the transformation matrix for the r-th semantic capsule with respect to the kth seen intent.