As the demand for structured knowledge has increased, considerable interest has emerged in relation extraction (RE) from large collections of documents written in natural language.
with "distant supervision" (DS) (Mintz et al., 2009;Hoffmann et al., 2011;Riedel et al., 2013), it is possible to extract the relationships between pairs of entities without human manual annotation using a knowledge base (KB); this heuristically aligns entities in texts to a given KB and then uses this alignment to train an RE system.