To achieve this balance, we treat the citation context C as prior information and the current document d as the observed data, and use Bayesian estimation to estimate the impact language model.
let p(w|C) be a citation context language model estimated based on the citation context C. We define Dirichlet prior with parameters {µ C p(w|C)} w∈V for the impact model, where µ C encodes our confidence on this prior and effectively serves as a weighting parameter for balancing the contribution of C and d for estimating the impact model.