4 Sampling Non-Binary Representations We can sample in models without a natural binary representation (e.g., HMMs with with more than two states) by considering random binary slices.
• PTSG: R is the set of grammar symbols, and each θ r is a distribution over labeled tree fragments with root label r. binary variables (to be sampled) z latent structure (set of choices) z −s choices not depending on site s z s:b choices after setting counts (sufficient statistics of z) Table 1: Notation used in this paper.