After that, we apply a self attention operation on the hidden representations to obtain the final representation q of the question q: where α j encodes the importance of each question word and is calculated as: where w is a learned weight vector.
quasar-T 1 (Dhingra et al., 2017b) consists of 43, 000 open-domain trivia question, and their answers are extracted from ClueWeb09 data source, and the paragraphs are obtained by retrieving 50 sentences for each question from the ClueWeb09 data source using LUCENE.