Typically, given the claims, models are learned from auxiliary relevant sources such as news articles or social media responses for capturing words and linguistic units that might indicate viewpoint or language style towards the claim Rashkin et al., 2017;Popat et al., 2017;Dungs et al., 2018).
the factuality of a claim is independent of people's belief and subjective language use, and human perception is unconsciously prone to misinformation due to the common cognitive biases such as naive realism (Reed et al., 2013) and confirmation bias (Nickerson, 1998).