Among all possible target language character sequences, we will choose the character sequence with the highest probability: The posterior probability Pr(t n 1 |s m 1 ) is modeled directly using a log-linear combination of several models (Och and Ney, 2002), including a characterbased phrase translation model, a character-based lexicon model, a 4-gram character sequence model, a character penalty and a phrase penalty.
we can improve on both systems by combining them.