We adopt the notion of causality proposed in the annotation guidelines of the Causal-TimeBank (Mirza et al., 2014;Mirza and Tonelli, 2014a), which accounts for CAUSE, ENABLE and PREVENT phenomena (Wolff, 2007;Wolff and Song, 2003) that are overtly expressed in text.
we aim at assigning a causal link to pairs of events when: (i) the causal relation is expressed by affect, link and causative verbs (CAUSE-, ENABLE-and PREVENT-type verbs), hereinafter simply addressed as causal verbs; or (ii) the causal relation is marked by a causal signal (see e.g.