For the competitive task in CoNLL'2010 (Farkas et al, 2010), Morante et al (2010) used a memory-based classifier based on the k-nearest neighbor rule to determine if a token is the first token in a scope sequence, the last, or neither.
most of the previous studies on negation and speculation scope detection task can be divided into two main aspects: the heuristic rule based methods and the machine learning based methods.