The intermediate referents e d ρ,t in this framework correspond to the traditional notion of compositional semantics (Frege 1892), in which meanings of composed constituents (at higher levels in the HHMM hierarchy) are derived from meanings of component constituents (at lower levels in the hierarchy).
in addition to the referents A graphical representation of the dependencies in the referential semantic language model described in this article (compare with Figure 2).