Capturing non-local dependencies is crucial to the accurate and complete determination of semantic interpretation in the form of predicateargument-modifier structures or deep dependencies.
with few exceptions (Model 3 of Collins, 1999;Schmid, 2006), output trees produced by state-of-the-art broad coverage statistical parsers (Charniak, 2000;Bikel, 2004) are only surface context-free phrase structure trees (CFG-trees) without empty categories and coindexation to represent displaced constituents.