However, as building a parser for each source language is a resourceintensive undertaking, there has also been some interest in developing reordering rules without the use of a parser (Rottmann and Vogel, 2007;Tromble and Eisner, 2009;DeNero and Uszkoreit, 2011;Visweswariah et al., 2011), and we will follow this thread of research in this paper.
two methods deserve mention for being similar to our approach.