Deep learning has achieved state-of-the-art results across a range of computer vision (Krizhevsky et al., 2012), speech recognition (Graves et al., 2013), and natural language processing tasks (Bahdanau et al., 2015;Kalchbrenner et al., 2014;Bitvai and Cohn, 2015).
deep neural networks have achieved remarkable results across many language processing tasks, however they have been shown to be susceptible to overfitting and highly sensitive to noise, including adversarial attacks.