Yet, antonymy is essential for many Natural Language Processing (NLP) applications, such as Information Retrieval (IR), Ontology Learning (OL), Machine Translation (MT), Sentiment Analysis (SA) and Dialogue Systems (Roth and Schulte im Walde, 2014;Mohammad et al., 2013).
the automatic identification of semantic opposition is a crucial component for the detection and generation of paraphrases (Marton et al., 2011), the understanding of contradictions (de Marneffe et al., 2008) and the detection of humor (Mihalcea and Strapparava, 2005).