The gold standard comprises ambiguous instances of noun phrases, which can either be subject or object.
case-marking for subjects of intransitive verbs and objects of absolut i ve = sub jec t o f int r ansi t i ve ver bs o b jec t o f t r anst i ve ver bs er g at ive = sub jec t o f t r ansi t i ve ver bs Figure 1: Two cases in Basque, and their respective syntactic functions depending on the transitivity of verb.