While RIGHT-ARC n l allows the dependent j to seek dependents to the left of i, by simply moving i from λ 1 to λ 2 , RIGHT-ARC p l essentially incorporates a SHIFT λ transition by moving j to λ 1 |i, because any dependency arc linking j to a node preceding i would violate PROJECTIVITY.
both the stack and the buffer will be represented as lists, although the stack will have its head (or top) to the right for reasons of perspicuity.