For example, several computational grammar formalisms, such as Lexical Function Grammar (LFG; Bresnan and Kaplan, 1982;Dalrymple, 2001) and Head-driven Phrase Structure Grammar (HPSG; Pollard and Sag, 1994) encode grammatical functions directly.
gRs can be viewed as the dependency backbone of an LFg analysis that provide general linguistic insights, and have great potential advantages for NLP applications, (Kaplan et al., 2004;Briscoe and Carroll, 2006;Clark and Curran, 2007a;Miyao et al., 2007).