(10) a. Boku -wa zyuken-benkyoo-ga/wo zyuubun-ni si-te-a-ru.
"V-te-a-ru" constructions with a 'preparative' reading allow EXP-agent alternation: At the semantic level, e.g., in example (9c), experiencer [x], which can be realized as the topic, is an agent [y] in the causing sub-event [e 1 ], and the agentive process of sleeping causes the experiencer to have a physical state [e 2 ].