To integrate CSLM more efficiently into decoding, some existing approaches calculate the probabilities of the n-grams before decoding and store them (Wang et al., 2013;Wang et al., 2014;Arsoy et al., 2013;Arsoy et al., 2014) in n-gram format.
n-grams from BNLM are used as the input of CSLM, and the output probabilities of CSLM together with the corresponding n-grams of BNLM constitute converted C-SLM.