These approaches (Zhao and Vogel, 2002;Utiyama and Isahara 2003;Fung and Cheung, 2004;Munteanu and Marcu, 2005;Abdul-Rauf and Schwenk, 2009) share roughly the same framework: Phase 1: Document Pair Retrieval 1) documents in some target language (TL) are stored in some database; 2) each document in some source language (SL) is represented by some TL keywords; 3) the TL keywords in (2) are used to assign some TL documents to a particular SL document, using some information retrieval (IR) technique.
the entire Web) without search constraint.