In this case, the database maker (usually the person or entity who bears the financial risk) enjoys a sui generis database right (SGDR), which protects the content of the database from substantial extractions.
even databases of unprotected facts could become object of a proprietary right that extends to the database content in the light of the aforementioned substantial investment (Hugenholtz, 2016;Guibault and Wiebe, 2013).