For example, our previous work Ng 2009, 2012) experimented with various techniques for combining a small bitext for a resource-poor language (Indonesian or Spanish) with a much larger bitext for a related resource-rich language (Malay or Portuguese), pretending that Spanish is resource-poor; the target language of all bitexts was English.
that work did not attempt language adaptation, except for very simple transliteration for Portuguese-Spanish that ignored context entirely; because it does not substitute a word with a completely different word, transliteration did not help much for Malay-Indonesian, which use unified spelling.