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Uterine fibroids are common. As many as one in five women may have fibroids during their childbearing years. Half of all women have fibroids by age 50. Fibroids are rare in women under age 20.
The exact cause of uterine fibroids is unknown, but they are thought to be caused by:
- Hormones in the body
- Genes (may run in families)
Fibroids can be so tiny that you need a microscope to see them. They can also grow very large. They may fill the entire uterus and may weigh several pounds or kilograms. Although it is possible for just one fibroid to develop, most often there is more than one.
Fibroids can grow:
- In the muscle wall of the uterus (myometrial)
- Just under the surface of the uterine lining (submucosal)
- Just under the outside lining of the uterus (subserosal)
- On a long stalk on the outside the uterus or inside the uterus (pedunculated)
Uterine Fibroid Symptoms
Common symptoms of uterine fibroids are:
- Bleeding between periods
- Heavy bleeding during your period, sometimes with blood clots
- Periods that may last longer than normal
- Needing to urinate more often
- Pelvic cramping or pain with periods
- Feeling fullness or pressure in your lower belly
- Pain during intercourse
Often, you can have fibroids and not have any symptoms. Your health care provider may find them during a physical exam or other test. Fibroids often shrink and cause no symptoms in women who have gone through menopause. A recent study also showed that some small fibroids shrink in premenopausal women.
Diagnosing Uterine Fibroids
Your provider will perform a pelvic exam. This may show that you have a change in the shape of your womb.
Fibroids are not always easy to diagnose. Being obese may make fibroids harder to detect. You may need these tests to look for fibroids:
- Ultrasound uses sound waves to create a picture of the uterus.
- MRI uses powerful magnets and radio waves to create a picture.
- Saline infusion sonogram (hysterosonography). Saline is injected into the uterus to make it easier to see the uterus using ultrasound.
- Hysteroscopy uses a long, thin tube inserted through the vagina and into the uterus to examine the inside of the uterus.
- Endometrial biopsy removes a small piece of the lining of the uterus to check for cancer if you have unusual bleeding.
Uterine Fibroid Treatment
What type of treatment you have depends on:
- Your age
- Your general health
- Your symptoms
- Type of fibroids
- If you are pregnant
- If you want children in the future
Treatment for the symptoms of fibroids may include:
- Birth control pills to help control heavy periods
- Intrauterine devices (IUDs) that release hormones to help reduce heavy bleeding and pain
- Tranexamic acid to reduce the amount of blood flow
- Iron supplements to prevent or treat anemia due to heavy periods
- Pain relievers such as ibuprofen or naproxen for cramps or pain
- Hormone therapy shots to help shrink fibroids (done only for a short time)
- Watchful waiting. You may have pelvic exams or ultrasounds every once in a while to check the fibroid's growth
Surgery and procedures used to treat fibroids include:
- Uterine fibroid embolization - This procedure stops the blood supply to the fibroid, causing it to shrink and die. This may be a good option if you want to have children in the future.
- Hysteroscopy - This procedure can remove fibroids growing inside the uterus.
- Myomectomy - This surgery removes the fibroids from the uterus. This also may be a good choice if you want to have children. It will not prevent fibroids from growing again.
- Hysterectomy - This surgery removes the uterus completely. It may be an option if you do not want children, medicines do not work, and you cannot have any other procedures.
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|And as they were speaking to the people, the priests and captain of the temple and the Sadducees came upon them,
|being distressed on account of their teaching the people and preaching by Jesus the resurrection from among [the] dead;
|and they laid hands on them, and put them in ward till the morrow; for it was already evening.
|But many of those who had heard the word believed; and the number of the men had become [about] five thousand.
|And it came to pass on the morrow that their rulers and elders and scribes were gathered together at Jerusalem,
|and Annas the high priest, and Caiaphas, and John, and Alexander, and as many as were of [the] high priestly family;
|and having placed them in the midst they inquired, In what power or in what name have *ye* done this?
|Then Peter, filled with [the] Holy Spirit, said to them, Rulers of the people and elders [of Israel],
|if *we* this day are called upon to answer as to the good deed [done] to the infirm man, how *he* has been healed,
|be it known to you all, and to all the people of Israel, that in the name of Jesus Christ the Nazaraean, whom *ye* have crucified, whom God has raised from among [the] dead, by *him* this [man] stands here before you sound [in body].
|*He* is the stone which has been set at nought by you the builders, which is become the corner stone.
|And salvation is in none other, for neither is there another name under heaven which is given among men by which we must be saved.
|But seeing the boldness of Peter and John, and perceiving that they were unlettered and uninstructed men, they wondered; and they recognised them that they were with Jesus.
|And beholding the man who had been healed standing with them, they had nothing to reply;
|but having commanded them to go out of the council they conferred with one another,
|saying, What shall we do to these men? for that indeed an evident sign has come to pass through their means is manifest to all that inhabit Jerusalem, and we cannot deny it.
|But that it be not further spread among the people, let us threaten them severely no longer to speak to any man in this name.
|And having called them, they charged [them] not to speak at all nor teach in the name of Jesus.
|But Peter and John answering said to them, If it be righteous before God to listen to you rather than to God, judge ye;
|for as for us *we* cannot refrain from speaking of the things which we have seen and heard.
|But they, having further threatened them, let them go, finding no way how they might punish them, on account of the people, because all glorified God for what had taken place;
|for the man on whom this sign of healing had taken place was above forty years old.
|And having been let go, they came to their own [company], and reported all that the chief priests and elders had said to them.
|And they, having heard [it], lifted up [their] voice with one accord to God, and said, Lord, *thou* art the God who made the heaven and the earth and the sea, and all that is in them;
|who hast said by the mouth of thy servant David, Why have [the] nations raged haughtily and [the] peoples meditated vain things?
|The kings of the earth were there, and the rulers were gathered together against the Lord and against his Christ.
|For in truth against thy holy servant Jesus, whom thou hadst anointed, both Herod and Pontius Pilate, with [the] nations, and peoples of Israel, have been gathered together in this city
|to do whatever thy hand and thy counsel had determined before should come to pass.
|And now, Lord, look upon their threatenings, and give to thy bondmen with all boldness to speak thy word,
|in that thou stretchest out thy hand to heal, and that signs and wonders take place through the name of thy holy servant Jesus.
|And when they had prayed, the place in which they were assembled shook, and they were all filled with the Holy Spirit, and spoke the word of God with boldness.
|And the heart and soul of the multitude of those that had believed were one, and not one said that anything of what he possessed was his own, but all things were common to them;
|and with great power did the apostles give witness of the resurrection of the Lord Jesus, and great grace was upon them all.
|For neither was there any one in want among them; for as many as were owners of lands or houses, selling them, brought the price of what was sold
|and laid it at the feet of the apostles; and distribution was made to each according as any one might have need.
|And Joseph, who had been surnamed Barnabas by the apostles (which is, being interpreted, Son of consolation), a Levite, Cyprian by birth,
|being possessed of land, having sold [it], brought the money and laid it at the feet of the apostles.
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Whilst studying my degree in teaching English as a foreign language I learnt a lot about different teaching strategies and methods. I worked on how to create a good classroom atmosphere. On arriving in Spain I have been very interested in examining how the teaching methods , that I studied, are applied in teaching Spanish.
In this article I am going to examine the teaching methods and the reasons why Spanish students should choose our courses. I am going to refer to my experiences in teaching and in learning Spanish to continue outlining the efficacy of the courses in our schools.
The first element to be analysed is the size of the classes. During my experience teaching in Peru I often had to control classes of 30 students. From my point of view as a teacher I cannot give each student the individual attention they deserve.
Furthermore, this number makes group activities more difficult. In our schools the maximum number of students is 10 which means that all the students know each other and the teachers can foster a rapport not only with each student but also with the whole class.
Another important teaching strategy is the relationship between the teachers and the students.
During my observations of English as a foreign language classes I have noted the strong bond between the teachers and the students. This bond creates a very relaxed classroom atmosphere between the participants who respond positively to the activities. I have noted that here the relationship between the students and teachers continues outside the classes. The teachers are ready to support the students in the classes as well as in their daily lives doing intercambios, accompanying them on tasks and interacting with them.
Our schools also recognise that learning Spanish should not be restricted to the classes. Assimilating vocabulary by going out of the class to visit museums and to practise oral communication is fundamental. Through our centres´ free cultural excursions, such as visits to bars to eat pintxos (basque tapas), the students can take advantage of totally immersive experiences practising their Spanish in a very authentic environment learning more and more vocabulary.
It is worth mentioning the importance of private classes. Last year I gave some private classes to a student from Kazakhstan. This type of teaching is very flexible. You can adapt your methods not only to the styles of learning but also to the needs of each student.
In conclusion, in this article we have analysed the reasons why you need to choose a Spanish course with us. Our language schools offer courses totally based on the students. If you want to fully develop your potential sign up for our Spanish courses and you are going to improve your Spanish immediately.
We offer a selection of Spanish schools that offer great Spanish courses in Spain at reasonable price. Our Quality Spanish courses are accredited by Instituto Cervantes.
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Standardization and existing tools
- for Materials Passports
There are several existing tools with thematic relations to Materials Passports. These include tools aimed at measurement and declaration of impacts on environmental indicators such as Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) and Environmental Product Declarations (EPD). Tools aimed at inventorying compositional data such as Bills of Materials and Bills of Substances. Tools detailing technical and static properties such as Materials Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) and Technical Data Sheets (TDS) and tools which share goals and mechanisms for action with Materials Passports, exemplified in the ‘Building a circular future’ report (3XN, 2016), which gives a detailed and accurate account of passports.
Passports have the potential to incorporate existing mechanisms such as TDS, MSDS, EPD, Bill of Materials, Bill of Substances, et cetera where relevant as support for circularity claims. This avoids reproducing data and reinventing the wheel, which are key concerns of product manufacturers and their suppliers, who will play an important part in populating passports.
Materials Passports are about realising the full circular potential of products. This can be supported by measurements of impacts, which includes beneficial impacts of products in their application such as improved air quality. Measurements of negative impacts however is not a goal in itself for passports. Similarly, compositional data may be used to support claims and information about the circular potential of products, but passports are not limited to compositional data on products or buildings. This is important as the ingredients list analogy is easy to make. Compositional data is relevant to understand the circular potential of products, but it may not be sufficient.
Illustrative of the distinctiveness of passports is that they hold dynamic data. Data which can be dependent on the spatial or temporal context products are used in. As mentioned earlier the way a product is connected to a building is vital to its circular potential. A reversible connection may be preferable to the product being glued in place with no chance of uncontaminated recovery. It is also important to know whether maintenance has taken place and whether parts were replaced, as this potentially changes the materials and products that are available at time of recovery, and their value for recovery. As passports have the ambition to inspire action related to the CE these are important questions that passports should be able to answer, and which are generally not answered by the traditional tools mentioned.
Building information modelling (BIM) is an important investigation in the BAMB project. For Materials Passports to work it is important that there is alignment between the data that can sit in the Materials Passports Platform, and the data available in BIM and BIM-objects. Part of the complexity is the current lack of standardization of BIM. For passports it is important that for instance BIM-objects can be connected to the relevant products. The other way around, viewing passport data in BIM, sounds appealing, but as 3XN states “…it is recommended that only information identifying the unique element be entered into the model, as that would allow the model to operate faster. As long as all elements of the structure are uniquely identifiable in the model, all other information on the unique characteristics of the structural elements can be kept in a separate database, as long as there is access to this information.” (3XN, 2016). To clarify, the ‘model’ referred to is the BIM or the Virtual Design and Construction (VDC) model. The “Database” refers to the Materials Passport Database.
More about BIM
Back to Materials Passports
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IP Address 192.168.37.105
Click the button below to enter the IP router admin 192.168.37.105
Login Steps to your Router
- Begin by connecting the router cable to your computer or any relevant device. You also have the option of connecting through a wireless network. If you are going to connect to Wi-Fi, ensure that you have a stable internet connection. When making any modifications or amendments to settings its best recommended using the wired connection option. This prevents a situation of being suddenly logged out when you click the save button.
- Once you opened the web browser key in 192.168.37.105 in the address bar. This is the gateway login address. If this fails, try typing in 192.168.100.1 or 184.108.40.206 in the address bar. The correct IP is the one registered as the default gateway.
- Now that you have accessed the admin panel you can key in the router’s default username and password.
- Verify the Cable Connection- Try keying in the router’s brand and model into any web browser and you can find the username and password of your router login. Then you can gain access to the settings section where you can change the network and router settings.
- Verify the IP Address- Ensure that you have typed the IP Address correctly free of any errors or typos. Be careful of the auto complete feature that may prompt you to enter a wrong IP address.
- Reboot Your Router- As a last resort, try resetting your router completely. Once you reset the router you can reset the factory settings and restore it to be as good as new. By pressing on the reset button on the router will delete any progress you have achieved in the router’s configuration settings. This will help strengthen the router settings.
- Update your router- If there are any new updates, please make sure to download the updates in a timely basis. Be sure to check for any new router updates on a regular basis.
Accessing 192.168.37.105 IP Address
In case you are having a network issue you should be able to access your router interface. To access your router management support, you should be aware of your router’s default IP address. Different routers have different IP addresses. You can simply check your IP address via your computer. Keep reading to find out more on how to do this.
- Windows device- If you are logged in using a windows computer, go to the start menu and type in ‘command prompt aroma’ in the search bar. Then select the command prompt icon. Next type in ‘ipconfig’ in the command prompt window and press enter. Now all the information you require will appear in front of you.
- iOS device- If you use a mac computer, go to system preferences located on the apple menu screen. Next go to Network symbol and select advanced alternatives. Then look for the TCP/IP tab which will display the router’s IP address. 192.168.37.105 is a IP address registered by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority and is generally used for local networks.
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The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved ramucirumab (Cyramza) to treat patients with advanced or metastatic gastric cancer or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma with disease progression on or after prior treatment with fluoropyrimidine- or platinum-containing chemotherapy. Ramucirumab is a recombinant monoclonal antibody of the IgG1 class that binds to the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) and blocks the activation of the receptor.
“Although the rates of stomach cancer in the United States have decreased over the past 40 years, patients require new treatment options, particularly when they no longer respond to other therapies,” said Richard Pazdur, MD, Director of the Office of Hematology and Oncology Products in the FDA’s Center for Drug Evaluation and Research. “[Ramucirumab] is a new treatment option that has demonstrated an ability to extend patients’ lives and slow tumor growth.”
Improved Overall Survival
The approval was based on the demonstration of improved overall survival in the REGARD trial, a multinational, randomized (2:1), double-blind, multicenter investigation. The trial evaluated ramucirumab’s safety and efficacy in 355 participants with previously treated advanced or metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma. Two-thirds of trial participants received ramucirumab plus best supportive care while the remaining participants received a placebo plus best supportive care.
Results showed patients treated with ramucirumab experienced a median overall survival of 5.2 months compared to 3.8 months in patients receiving placebo (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.78, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.60–0.998, P = .047 on stratified log-rank test). Median progression-free survival was also longer in the ramucirumab arm compared to placebo (HR = 0.48, 95% CI = 0.38–0.62, P < .001 on stratified
Results from a second clinical trial that evaluated the efficacy of ramucirumab plus paclitaxel vs paclitaxel alone also showed an improvement in overall survival.
The most common adverse events (all grades) observed in ramucirumab-treated patents were hypertension and diarrhea. Grade 3 to 4 adverse reactions reported at a higher incidence in the ramucirumab arm included hypertension and hyponatremia. The most common serious adverse events with ramucirumab were intestinal obstruction and anemia.
The FDA reviewed ramucirumab under its priority review program, which provides an expedited review for drugs that have the potential to be a significant improvement in safety or effectiveness in the treatment of a serious condition. The agent was also granted orphan product designation because it is intended to treat a rare disease or condition.
Ramucirumab is marketed by Eli Lilly. ■
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Researchers from the University of Aberdeen's Department of Chemistry have been awarded two prestigious New Horizons grants from the Engineering and Physical Science Research Council (EPSRC).
The New Horizons programme has allocated almost £25.5 million of funding to 126 mathematical and physical sciences projects throughout the UK and will support two ambitious projects at the University with a combined total of £326,000 in funding.
Led by Professor Abbie McLaughlin and Dr Eve Wildman, the first project aims to observe the phenomenon of Many Body Localisation (MBL) in a chemical compound for the first time. So far, MBL has only ever been observed in so-called ‘ultracold atoms’ when atoms are maintained close to absolute zero, at which stage their quantum mechanical properties become important. A breakthrough in this area could result in the design of new quantum technologies such as computers with superior algorithmic capabilities.
Describing the aims of the project, Professor McLaughlin said: “Normally, quantum computers must be cooled to extremely low temperatures but the MBL system is less sensitive to its environment and can allow quantum computers to operate at higher temperatures.
“If successful, this research could result in the design of new quantum technologies, such as advanced quantum computers and sensors, which would have major benefits in sectors such as healthcare, aerospace, transport, finance, and telecommunications.”
The second project, led by Professors Corrie Imrie and John Storey, will investigate a new liquid crystal phase which could transform the LCD industry and lead to the next generation of LCD screens for televisions and computer monitors.
Professor Corrie Imrie said: “The ferroelectric nematic liquid crystal phase is a new type of liquid crystal that was first predicted to exist over a century ago but has only now been discovered. Our aim is to develop new materials that may be used in a wide range of applications.
“We all use liquid crystal displays in our televisions, computer monitors, tablets and phones. This research could lead to the next generation of extremely fast switching LCDs operating at lower power, improving their performance and environmental impact. This has the potential to transform the LCD industry.”
Professor McLaughlin, Director of Research for Chemistry, added: “The New Horizons programme is designed to support high-risk, transformative research and these projects highlight the innovative and impactful research being undertaken at the University. They have the potential to revolutionise technology that plays a vital role in our society and I’m looking forward to driving this research forward.”
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In the heart of the dynamic city, nestled amidst its breathless tempo, there exists a sanctuary of elegant feeling, a sanctuary of euphoric tactility-- The Lotus Enchantment. Here, deep relaxation and sensual abandon intertwine in an irresistible symphony of satisfaction, performed by therapists of unrivaled proficiency. Welcome, dear applicant, to our niche where bustling reality fulfills tranquil dream, through a dance of fingertips.
Breathed in, the faint incense-filled air currently begins its lullaby; your senses flutter, awakened, tantalized by the promise of enjoyments yet untasted. Royal Koi fishes swim carefully within an antique brass brazier, their balletic relocations matching the soothing rhythm your heart soon would dance to.
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Our therapists, Aphrodite's selected, are practice maestros in the sensual symphony of touch. Trained in methods bied far through many generations, they harness the sensual as a craftsmen does their craft. Theirs is a delicate art kind - the power behind every stroke, the rhythm each pulse follows, an embodiment of the ancient knowledge of a thousand master masseuses.
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A crescendo of relaxation sweeps over you; your senses, once held captive by the continuous drum of city life, now serenade the virtues of surrender. As thumbs knead the tense knots, fingers dance in crafted ecstasy over your skin, your mind skyrockets, it hums, it sighs. Unexpected landscapes of enjoyment start to reveal themselves as the magic-laced fingers explore your Type - a classic testimony to the intrinsic power of sentient touch.
Awakening softly, the whispering world returns, however from now on, seen in a sensory language, you had all but forgotten. With your renewed senses, you're sculpted into peace, forming a perfect statue of satiated desire.
We at the Lotus Magic use an erotic odyssey, deciphering the beauty of indulgence in living apricot skin; a symphony managed not just on the body however resonating deep within the soul. Come, surrender yourself in our haven, and let our masterful touch unravel the tricks and spoils of profound relaxation. Remember, dear hunter, nothing compares to the charming lull of a proficient hand's sensual whisper over the skin, longing for release.
In the heart of the dynamic city, nestled in the middle of its out of breath tempo, there exists a sanctuary of charming experience, a haven of joyous tactility-- The Lotus Magic. Here, deep relaxation and sensuous abandon intertwine in an irresistible symphony of pleasure, carried out by therapists of unequaled know-how. Welcome, dear candidate, to our niche where busy truth fulfills serene dream, through a dance of fingertips.
We at the Lotus Magic offer an erotic odyssey, deciphering the appeal of indulgence in living apricot skin; a symphony orchestrated not just on the body but resonating deep within the soul.
An expertly given erotic massage can end up being that intoxicating vacation, a mild unwinding. To securely experience the extensive relaxation of this artistry, the first challenge lies in finding an attempted and true parlour near you.
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** Comprehensive Research: ** The finest parlours aren't shy about presenting their therapists, strategies, and a general concept of the experience to be had. Exceptional parlours, like Lotus Magic, preserve their website frequently with detailed portfolios and service lists offering you a virtual tour, fanning your anticipation, and assuring you of the confident calibre of their artistry.
** Transparent Policies: ** Respectful establishments are clear about their limits. Remember, erotic massage is a shared arrangement of touch and ought to just be performed where both celebrations understand and appreciate each other's limitations.
4. ** Expert Credentials: ** Make sure the therapists in a chosen parlour are trained in the methods they offer. Great massage parlour websites frequently highlight the therapists' certifications. A trained masseur can turn an easy massage into a delicious journey of expedition and release.
5. ** Word of Mouth: ** Individual recommendations are vital. Conversations with trusted friends can provide first-hand accounts of their experiences, permitting you to obtain insights not quickly revealed through online searches alone.
6. ** Although tempting, prevent cheap convenience: ** Massage is an ability, and those who offer it inexpensively may be lacking in some locations, like the sanctuary's cleanliness, the therapist's expertise, or the regard towards your limits. Go for worth rather than thriftiness, purchasing an experience well worth your hard-earned resources.
In conclusion, finding a respectable erotic massage parlour near you need not be an overwhelming job. By gearing up yourselves with the above details, you can start a sensuous journey, with confidence and securely. Always keep in mind to appreciate the establishment and the masseuse's guidelines. After all, this is a venture into shared satisfaction, a dance choreographed on trust, intimacy, and the nuanced language of touch. Let every stroke take you deeper into the realm of relaxation and the heart of absolute satisfaction. Delight in each note of this quiet symphony, letting you slip through the fingers of truth and into the arms of inexpressible pleasure, each time, whenever.
** Harness the Power of the Web: ** The online world overruns with helpful platforms that you can browse from the convenience of your own area. ** Comprehensive Research: ** The finest parlours aren't shy about providing their therapists, methods, and a general concept of the experience to be had. ** Transparent Policies: ** Respectful establishments are clear about their borders. ** Expert Certifications: ** Ensure the therapists in a selected parlour are well-trained in the methods they use. ** Although appealing, avoid cheap convenience: ** Massage is a skill, and those who use it cheaply may be doing not have in some areas, like the sanctuary's tidiness, the therapist's expertise, or the respect towards your boundaries.
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In our increasingly digital world, the importance of creating web applications that are accessible to all cannot be overstated. Accessible web applications ensure that all users, including those with disabilities, have equal access to information and functionality. This article explores the significance of web accessibility in development, outlines its key principles, and discusses practical strategies and tools to build inclusive web applications.
The Importance of Accessible Web Applications
Accessible web applications are vital for several compelling reasons:
- Ethical Responsibility: Ensuring that digital services are accessible to all, regardless of their abilities, is a moral imperative. It reflects a commitment to inclusivity and equality in the digital space.
- Legal Compliance: Numerous laws and guidelines, such as the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG), mandate accessibility. Non-compliance can result in legal consequences.
- Wider Audience Reach: By being accessible, web applications can reach a broader audience. This includes not only individuals with permanent disabilities but also those with temporary impairments and the elderly.
- Enhanced User Experience: Accessible design often aligns with good design principles, benefiting all users. Features like clear navigation and legible text improve the overall user experience.
- Search Engine Optimization (SEO): Accessible websites tend to have better SEO, as search engines favor sites that provide a good user experience.
- Brand Image and Reputation: Demonstrating a commitment to accessibility can enhance a company’s brand and reputation, showing that they care about all users.
Core Principles of Web Accessibility
The Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.1 offer a framework to make web content more accessible, focusing on four principles:
- Perceivable: Information and user interface components must be presentable in ways users can perceive.
- Operable: User interface components and navigation must be operable.
- Understandable: Information and the operation of the user interface must be understandable.
- Robust: Content must be robust enough to be interpreted by a wide variety of user agents, including assistive technologies.
Strategies for Building Accessible Web Applications
1. Semantic HTML
Use semantic HTML tags to convey the structure and meaning of web content, aiding screen readers in interpreting the page.
2. Keyboard Navigation
Ensure your application is fully navigable using a keyboard, catering to users who cannot use a mouse.
3. ARIA Roles
Use ARIA roles to communicate the role, state, and functionality of elements when HTML semantics are insufficient.
4. Color Contrast and Text Size
Maintain sufficient color contrast between text and backgrounds and allow text resizing without layout breakage.
5. Alt Text for Images
Provide descriptive alternative text for images for screen reader users.
6. Form Accessibility
Ensure forms have clear labels and descriptive error messages.
7. Multimedia Content
Offer captions and transcripts for audio and video content.
8. Avoid Time-Limited Content
Limit or avoid time-bound content or provide ample time for interaction.
Tools and Testing
Upcoming Accessibility Trends in Web Development
The landscape of web accessibility is continually evolving, driven by technological advancements and changing standards. As we look to the future, several key trends and new technologies are emerging that are set to shape the way we approach accessible web development.
1. Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning
AI and machine learning are beginning to play a significant role in enhancing web accessibility. For instance, AI can be used to automatically generate alt text for images, providing descriptions for visually impaired users. Additionally, machine learning algorithms are improving the capability of screen readers to understand and interpret complex web content, including dynamic and interactive elements. Looking forward, AI might also be used to personalize web experiences for users with disabilities, automatically adjusting layouts and navigation based on individual needs.
2. Voice Navigation and Control
Voice-controlled interfaces are becoming increasingly prevalent. This trend is highly beneficial for users with physical disabilities or those who prefer voice commands over traditional navigation methods. As voice recognition technology becomes more advanced, we can expect web applications to be more seamlessly navigable using voice commands, making the web more accessible for everyone.
3. Advanced Gesture Control
Gesture control technology, like that used in virtual and augmented reality applications, is starting to find its way into web accessibility. This can offer a new way for users with motor impairments to interact with web content. As this technology develops, we may see web applications that can be navigated through simple hand gestures captured via cameras or specialized devices.
4. Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR)
AR and VR technologies are not just for gaming and entertainment; they have potential applications in web accessibility. These technologies can create immersive, 3D web experiences that are more intuitive and engaging for users with certain types of disabilities. For instance, AR can overlay additional context or descriptions on web content, enhancing understanding for users with cognitive impairments.
5. Improved Standards and Regulations
As technology evolves, so too do the standards and regulations governing web accessibility. We can expect updated versions of the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG), with a greater emphasis on new technologies like AR, VR, and AI. These evolving standards will continue to guide developers in creating accessible web experiences.
6. Personalization and Adaptability
The future of web accessibility lies in personalization – the ability of websites to adapt to the individual needs of users. This could include automatic adjustments in color contrast, text size, or layout based on user preferences or disabilities. As personalization technology advances, users with disabilities will have a more tailored and accessible web experience.
7. Internet of Things (IoT) and Accessibility
The integration of IoT with web accessibility could lead to smarter, more responsive environments. For example, a web application could automatically interact with a user’s environment, adjusting lighting or sound based on the content being accessed.
Accessible web applications are not just a legal obligation but a reflection of a commitment to inclusivity and equality in the digital realm. By adhering to the outlined principles and strategies, developers can create applications that are not only compliant and ethically sound but also more user-friendly and inclusive. Accessibility should be an integral part of the development process, with ongoing efforts to maintain and improve accessibility standards.
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The changing environment of today's world requires that healthcare professionals have new and multiple skills. It also demands stricter quality in their performance. In the area of clinical psychiatry, there has been an enormous growth in diagnostic and therapeutic tools, with diagnostic criteria and therapeutic methods being continuously modified and renewed. Hence, it is important for professionals in the field to keep their medical education up-to-date and to teach the most relevant topics with the greatest impact on community health in the formation of human resources for the health sector. The multiple advances in the areas of molecular genetics, pharmacology, psychotherapeutic techniques and new technologies for diagnosis and treatment, as well as their clinical applications, must be rapidly used in patient treatment. To assure the profile of the graduate in this environment, topics have been incorporated that focus on the scientific method, promote medicine based on evidence, and develop in the student a culture of research and investigation. The topics of basic and advanced research structure the additional skills and knowledge, as do those of medical ethics. These are really tools that, together with the many others, strengthen the desired attitudes and values in the resident. Thus, the curriculum is based on four years covering these areas, as well as the theoretical, technological and practical knowledge of clinical studies, to ensure the comprehensive training of the Psychiatrist. With the innovation in educational techniques and procedures, an alternative solution that comes from the new educational model is learning centered on the student and on clinical patient cases, so that acquired knowledge may be applied directly to patients, being therefore a direct transfer to the reality of the environment, as well as an exercise in self-learning. This results in a continuous medical education that is closely linked to the development of the scientific and technological knowledge of the discipline. Finally, this methodology confirms the congruence between the basics, our educational model, the areas of training and the discipline itself. The particular characteristics of the residency require a diagnostic laboratory analysis and the development of new studies, technical progress and new knowledge resulting from research, so Psychiatrists in this educational environment are required to acquire theoretical knowledge in their area of specialty, in educational techniques and in research. This will help them to resolve in a comprehensive and satisfactory manner the diagnostic problems in the health of their patients, so that they may carry out professional work with a level of excellence in the areas of expertise mentioned previously (external consultation, hospitalization, community support, preventive education for the general population or for specific groups, distance medical attention via Internet, etc.).
The aim of the Residency in Psychiatry of Tecnológico de Monterrey is to train exceptional psychiatrists who successfully meet the healthcare needs of mental health patients in the public and private sectors. It also seeks to prepare individuals with integrity and a humanistic outlook in their clinical, teaching and research activities, while strictly adhering to ethical principles and the standards of professional practice. Psychiatrists who graduate from this institution are outstanding leaders in both local and international settings. They are creative and innovative, promoting the development of mental health in the community and conducting relevant clinical research.
This program is directed to doctors with a vocation to study Psychiatry, with high moral values, committed to the ethical exercising of their profession, with a disposition to work in multidisciplinary teams and an interest in the field of research. For admission to the Residency in Psychiatry of the School of Medicine and Health Sciences of Tecnológico de Monterrey, candidates must satisfactorily meet all the graduate admissions requirements of Tecnológico de Monterrey and of the Ministry of Health.
Comply with the comprehensive evaluation required in the admission process, through an interview conducted by the admissions committee of the graduate program. In addition, the following is necessary:
*The admission process may change without prior notice from the Admissions Committee
**Admission is the first step: then you can enroll in your graduate program of interest.
Face to Face
Graduates from this multi-centric program in psychiatry of Tecnológico de Monterrey School of Medicine will have acquired the following the competencies:
David Eduardo Saucedo Martínez, director del programa.
Ricardo Caraza Camacho
Carlos Alberto Arnaud Gil
Federico Ramos Ruíz
Susana Espino Barros Palau
Lilia Marytza Leal Isida
Juan Alberto Alcalá Dueñas
Daniela León Rojas
Isaac Salvador Fernández
Rogers Alcides Pezoa Patiño
Gloria Cuevas Gómez
Juan José Flores Doñez
Elena Guadalupe Rodríguez
Mental and Behavioral Disorders of Childhood and Adolescence.
The population pyramid of Mexico has a broad base, that is, the population of children and adolescents is greater compared to other age groups. This generates the need to attend to this type of population, currently detecting different types of disorders that generate levels of disability. This need requires an effective response from the academic community, a situation in which the residents and professors of the specialty find themselves immersed.
Severe Mental Disorders. The degree of functional disability generated by mental disorders is proportional to its severity. Normally, these are diagnosed from the first level of care to the third level of medical care where they usually receive outpatient or hospital treatment. Due to this, clinical research works have been carried out considering different variables in severe mental disorders. These have generated data that have facilitated our knowledge in the field of various mental disorders that affect the physical, psychological, and social aspects of those who suffer from severe mental disorders.
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Decorative signs are more than just wall adornments; they are a creative canvas for expressing your style, beliefs, and personality. These charming decor pieces have the power to transform a space, evoking emotions, sharing messages, and adding a touch of character to any room. In this article, we’ll delve into the world of decorative signs, exploring their versatility, significance, and how they contribute to the overall ambiance of your living spaces.
The Versatility of Decorative Signs: Decorative signs are a versatile form of self-expression, offering various ways to infuse your unique touch into your home’s decor:
- Style and Aesthetics:
- Decorative signs come in various styles, from rustic and vintage to modern and minimalist. Their design, color, and typography can complement your decor and tie your room’s visual elements together.
- Messages and Sentiments:
- Signage allows you to convey messages, sentiments, or even humor. Inspirational quotes, witty sayings, or family mottos can be proudly displayed for all to see.
- Many decorative signs can be customized with your name, a special date, or meaningful words. This personalization adds sentimental value to your decor.
- Seasonal Decor:
- Decorative signs are versatile enough to rotate with the seasons. You can easily swap out signs to celebrate holidays or reflect the changing weather.
- Wall Art Alternative:
- For those seeking an alternative to traditional wall art, decorative signs offer a unique option. They can be the focal point of a wall gallery or stand alone as a statement piece.
Signs for Every Space: Decorative signs can find a place in virtually every room of your home:
- Living Room: Express your family’s values, hobbies, or humor with signs on shelves, mantels, or walls.
- Kitchen: Add a touch of whimsy or inspiration to your culinary space with signs that celebrate food, family, or cooking.
- Bedroom: Create a tranquil retreat with signs that feature calming quotes, personalized messages, or romantic sentiments.
- Nursery: Decorative signs are ideal for adding charm and personality to a baby’s nursery, featuring sweet sayings or the baby’s name.
- Outdoors: Extend your decor to outdoor spaces with weather-resistant signs that welcome guests or mark your garden.
Conclusion: Decorative signs are more than mere decorations; they are a form of self-expression that allows you to convey your style, values, and personality. Their versatility, from design to messaging, makes them the perfect canvas for telling your unique story and creating a warm, welcoming atmosphere in your home. So, whether you choose a sign that inspires, amuses, or simply adds aesthetic beauty, these charming decor pieces are a powerful way to make every detail in your living spaces truly your own.
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Andyrut MTG proxy images, a term gaining prominence in the world of proxy servers, have become a hot topic of discussion among users seeking to optimize their proxy server experience. In this article, we delve deep into the intricacies of Andyrut MTG proxy images, exploring their definition, functionality, advantages, drawbacks, and how they relate to the services offered by OxyProxy.
What is Andyrut MTG Proxy Images?
Andyrut MTG proxy images refer to proxy servers specifically tailored for Magic: The Gathering (MTG) enthusiasts. These proxy servers are meticulously designed to enhance the gaming experience of MTG players by providing seamless access to online platforms, cards, and resources. Whether you’re a seasoned MTG player or a newcomer to the game, Andyrut MTG proxy images can significantly elevate your gameplay.
How Andyrut MTG Proxy Images Work
Understanding the inner workings of Andyrut MTG proxy images is crucial to grasp their utility fully. These proxy servers operate by routing your internet traffic through a remote server located in a data center. When an MTG player utilizes an Andyrut MTG proxy image, their requests are first directed to this remote server. The server, in turn, relays the requests to the MTG online platform, ensuring anonymity and bypassing potential IP restrictions.
The Internal Structure of Andyrut MTG Proxy Images
To appreciate the sophistication of Andyrut MTG proxy images, it’s essential to recognize their internal structure. These proxies consist of the following key components:
- Proxy Server: The core element responsible for handling requests and routing them to the target MTG platform.
- IP Rotation Mechanism: Andyrut MTG proxy images often employ dynamic IP rotation, ensuring that your IP address changes periodically, enhancing security and preventing detection.
- Data Center Infrastructure: These proxy servers are typically hosted in data centers equipped with high-speed internet connections, ensuring reliable and low-latency access.
Benefits of Andyrut MTG Proxy Images
Andyrut MTG proxy images offer an array of advantages for MTG enthusiasts and players, including:
- Anonymity: Concealing your real IP address enhances privacy and security during online gameplay.
- Access to Geo-Restricted Content: Bypassing geographical restrictions allows players to access MTG platforms from anywhere in the world.
- Stability and Speed: Data center infrastructure ensures fast and reliable connections, minimizing lag during games.
- IP Rotation: Dynamic IP rotation prevents account bans and mitigates the risk of detection.
- Resource Optimization: Efficiently manage your online resources, such as cards and in-game currency, with reduced latency.
Problems that Occur When Using Andyrut MTG Proxy Images
While Andyrut MTG proxy images offer numerous benefits, they are not without their challenges. Common issues include:
- Cost: High-quality proxy services can be expensive.
- Learning Curve: Users may need to familiarize themselves with proxy setup and configuration.
- Blocked IPs: In some cases, MTG platforms may detect and block proxy IPs.
- Technical Glitches: Proxy servers may occasionally encounter technical issues, causing disruptions.
Comparison of Andyrut MTG Proxy Images with Other Similar Topics
To provide a comprehensive understanding, let’s compare Andyrut MTG proxy images with other proxy solutions:
|Aspect||Andyrut MTG Proxy Images||General Proxy Servers||VPN Services|
|Purpose||Optimized for MTG gaming||Versatile applications||General internet use|
|IP Rotation||Yes||Yes||Limited or paid|
|Speed and Reliability||Excellent||Varies by provider||Generally stable|
|Cost||Moderate to High||Low to Moderate||Moderate to High|
|Compatibility||Specific to MTG platforms||Wide range of use||General internet use|
How Proxy Server Provider OxyProxy Relates to Andyrut MTG Proxy Images
OxyProxy, as a leading provider of proxy servers, recognizes the significance of Andyrut MTG proxy images in the gaming community. We offer a specialized selection of proxy servers, including Andyrut MTG proxy images, tailored to meet the unique needs of MTG players. Our commitment to excellence ensures that our users benefit from enhanced privacy, seamless access to MTG platforms, and unbeatable performance.
In conclusion, Andyrut MTG proxy images represent a specialized solution for MTG players seeking to optimize their online gaming experience. OxyProxy stands as a reliable partner in providing these tailored proxy services, ensuring that our users enjoy the benefits of enhanced privacy, security, and unrestricted access to the world of Magic: The Gathering.
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Analyzing deep-water near seafloor geology with chirp sonar sub-bottom profiles : Green Canyon, Gulf of Mexico
The study area is located on the continental slope in the Green Canyon deep-water area of the Gulf of Mexico. This area is being investigated by the Bureau of Economic Geology as part of several active gas hydrate studies across the area. The chirp sonar profiles used in my study were collected with an Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV) utilizing a frequency-modulated seismic (sonar) source that emitted a 2 to 8 kHz sweep (chirp) frequency signal (wavelengths less than 2 meters). The recording time is limited to about 50 milliseconds, with time zero occurring at the altitude of the AUV about 50 meters above the seafloor. The signal images to about 40 meters below the seafloor, and profiles are as long as 5 km. An interpretation of deep-water, near sea-floor geology has been conducted using both chirp sonar profiles and multibeam bathymetry. Seismic reflections from within the shallow sediments are caused primarily by contrasts in density, rather than acoustic velocity. Reflections were successfully simulated using a model with a constant velocity of 1560 m/s and densities of 2.1 g/cc for sand, 1.4 g/cc for mud, and 1.7 g/cc for silty sand. The chirp sonar profiles imaged near-seafloor geology at nearly a meter scale and allowed for detailed interpretation. The interaction of soft sediment deformation, creep movement and neo-tectonic activity related to gas expulsion controlled the actual topography of the sea-floor. The geologic time represented in the 50 milliseconds of chirp data recorded with the AUV, which is about 40 meters of depth, is approximately 0.050 Ma. B.P., consistent with a depositional rate of 0.8 meters per 1000 years. Reflection patterns are interpreted to be related to fluctuations in sea level. High reflectivities (density contrasts) are interpreted to be deposited during the last sea level low stand, and low reflectivities are interpreted as sedimentation during the last high stand. Sediments deposited during the low stand are proximal while others are distal, deposited in deeper water environments. Shallow structures observed in the chirp sonar profiles are mainly related to gas mobilization mechanisms, which shaped the topography of the seafloor in conjunction with soft sediment deformation and creep movement. The geomorphic features are related in some cases to gas expulsion zones such as pockmarks and mud volcanoes. Other structures are related to soft sediment deformation and creep mobilization. Soft sediment deformation is confined to the deepest part of the minibasin, while the other features are not depth dependent. Highly deformed intervals at the bottom of the sequence seem to control subsequent sedimentation.
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To build endurance, you don’t have to spend hours of your daily life training and doing intense exercises. HIIT is a great way for building endurance since it focuses on the major endurance-building points in the body.
One of the main elements of endurance is cardiovascular performance. This refers to the way your heart works and the subsequent working of the circulatory system in response to heart’s pumping. The functioning of the heart can be measured by three determinants.
- Heart Rate
This is the rate of your heart beating per minute. The more your heart beats in a minute, the more blood is pumped to the body and the faster your body moves towards endurance.
- Stroke Volume
This refers to the blood amount that is pumped every time the heart beats. Since there is a direct relationship between the stroke volume and endurance, a higher stroke volume is beneficial for the body.
This refers to the force with which your heart pumps blood to the body. The stronger the force, the farther the blood travels. If contractility is higher, an individual has more blood flowing to the exercising muscles. This blood is laden with oxygen and nutrients that are then utilized by the skeletal muscles for strength and repair.
How Is Endurance Built?
Endurance is not only a measurement of how hard your heart is pumping blood. It also refers to the amount of oxygen that can be delivered to your muscles. This variable is called VO2. This variable depends on the factors mentioned above as well as on the amount of oxygen that is extracted from the blood that enters the muscles. Not all the oxygen that is taken to the muscles by the blood is taken by the muscles. The oxygen has to be extracted first and the more oxygen extraction capacity the muscles have, more oxygen they will receive.
Another factor that contributes to endurance is the mitochondrial density. It is common knowledge that mitochondria is the power house of the cell. What this means is that it is involved in the production of energy in the form of ATP. This energy is produced through different cycles that take place in the mitochondria. The higher the mitochondrial density, the more energy is produced for the consumption of the body.
How Does HIIT Build Endurance?
HIIT builds endurance by working on all the variables that are mentioned above. It enhances the stroke volume for ensuring a greater amount of blood flow to the skeletal muscles. Moreover, it also has an effect on contractility and increases the pumping force of the heart.
As far as mitochondrial density is concerned, HIIT is a great alternative to aerobic exercises for increasing your mitochondrial density. If there are more mitochondria is the body, more energy production takes place and that gives the muscles more endurance.
Another way in which HIIT induces endurance is by increasing the number of enzymes present in the mitochondria. As mentioned above, energy is produced in the mitochondria through different cycles. In all the steps of these cycles, different enzymes act on the substrate to form a product. These enzymes have their distinctive activities that are essential for energy production. HIIT leads to an increase in these enzymes and these enzymes then further increase the endurance in skeletal muscles.
When you perform HIIT, it shifts the signalling pathway in the body from a slower to a faster one. For breakdown of nutrients and extraction of energy from them, the mitochondria are activated through a ‘switch’ in the body called PGCa. During high intensity exercises, the signalling pathway for activation of this switch is a lot faster. As a result of that, the enzymes’ activity is enhanced and the mitochondrial density is also increased.
HIIT and VO2
As mentioned above, the VO2 levels in the blood determine how much oxygen is getting to the skeletal muscles and other parts of the body. HIIT has shown to significantly enhance VO2 levels in the body and enhances stroke volume. Since the stroke volume is enhanced through high intensity workouts, more blood gets sent to the body every single time the heart contracts. This is a good thing for the skeletal muscles since they start getting more blood.
The circulatory system of the body is responsible for transport of nutrients and oxygen to the muscles and other organs. When the skeletal muscles get more blood, they also get more oxygen and nutrients. This is essential for proper growth and functioning of the muscles.
Using this oxygen, they can respire and release energy using the mitochondria present in them. At the same time, the amino acids in the nutrients are further used for repair and for synthesis of new proteins that are needed for the muscles.
High intensity workouts also increase cardiac contractility which refers to the force with which the heart pumps blood. As the pumping force is increased, the blood reaches all muscles and organs of the body. When skeletal muscles get more blood, they build up endurance. It is due to this excessive endurance that the individual has shorter recovery time and can perform much better in gym sessions.
HIIT Builds Endurance In Skeletal Muscles
High intensity workouts also build endurance in skeletal muscles. When you perform these exercises, the vasculature of the skeletal muscle is changed. The vasculature refers to the size and number of blood vessels that are present in the area. Due to these workouts, tiny blood vessels become apparent in the skeletal muscles.
They enhance the heart stroke by sending more blood to the heart. The muscles, when contracting, send blood back to the left ventricle of the heart. If more blood is being sent to the heart, it means more blood is being oxygenated too. Thus, heart stroke is enhanced and more blood is sent back to the body in oxygenated form. This increases the amount of nutrients getting to the muscles.
HIIT also enhances endurance by increasing the strength of muscle fibres. The muscles fibres are made up on proteins. In high intensity workouts, the blood circulation is enhanced and more of these proteins are being made using the amino acids present in the blood. This enhances the flexibility of the muscle fibres and makes them stronger.
Motor Units And HIIT
The skeletal muscle fibres have something called motor units. These units are important for signalling in the muscles and for building endurance. High intensity workouts increase the number of motor units present in the body. This can aid in two things.
If more motor units are present in the skeletal muscles, then muscle coordination improves and the person has better endurance.
Motor units also help to reduce the fatigue time for exercises. As such, anyone with enhanced motor units does not tend to get tired quickly.
Does HIIT Affect Qmax?
Qmax is referred to the maximum amount of blood that your heart can pump to the body in a minute. It has been seen in studies that high intensity workouts have little or no significant effect on Qmax. On the contrary, low intensity workouts such as aerobic workout plans are great for increasing Qmax.
Therefore, HIIT takes cardiovascular pathways to increase endurance. It increases the density of mitochondria in the cells along with enhancing the functioning of mitochondrial enzymes. Furthermore, it strengthens the muscle fibres by giving them more proteins for repair and strength. High intensity workouts also increase endurance by overall increasing the VO2 max and by keeping the oxygen volume in the blood high at all times, for transfer to the skeletal muscles.
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When it comes to event planning, every detail counts, and one of the most delightful and eye-catching details you can add to any occasion is balloon decorations. Balloons can transform a plain space into a magical one, creating a festive atmosphere that leaves a lasting impression on your guests. However, with countless balloon options available, how do you choose the perfect balloon decoration that complements your event’s theme and style? In this article, we’ll guide you through the steps to ensure you make the right choice for a memorable event.
1. Define Your Event’s Theme: The first step in selecting the perfect balloon decoration is to define your event’s theme. Whether it’s a birthday party, wedding, corporate gathering, or any other celebration, having a clear theme in mind will help you narrow down your options. Consider the colors, motifs, and overall style that best represent your event.
2. Choose Balloon Types: Balloons come in various shapes, sizes, and materials. To align with your theme, you can opt for standard latex balloons, metallic balloons, or even specialty balloons like foil or bubble balloons. Each type has its unique charm and appeal, so make sure to choose ones that resonate with your event’s aesthetics.
3. Play with Colors: Balloon decorations can create a striking visual impact through color combinations. Harmonize your balloon colors with your event’s color palette. You can go for monochromatic, complementary, or contrasting colors, depending on the atmosphere you want to create.
4. Consider Balloon Arrangements: Think about how you want to arrange your balloons. Options include balloon arches, bouquets, columns, and centerpieces. The choice depends on your event’s venue and layout. For instance, a balloon arch makes a grand entrance, while table centerpieces add a touch of elegance.
5. Personalize with Accessories: Add a personal touch by incorporating accessories like ribbons, tassels, or confetti inside balloons. These details can enhance the overall look and feel of your decorations.
6. Factor in the Venue: Consider the size and layout of your event venue. The number and size of balloons should complement the space without overwhelming it. Ensure there’s enough room for guests to move comfortably.
7. Consult a Balloon Decorator: If you’re unsure about which balloon decorations will best suit your event, don’t hesitate to consult a professional balloon decorator. They can provide expert advice, creative ideas, and execute the setup for you, ensuring everything runs smoothly.
Choosing the perfect balloon decoration for your event is a creative and fun process. By defining your theme, selecting the right balloon types, playing with colors, arranging them thoughtfully, and considering your venue, you can create a stunning and memorable atmosphere that enhances your event’s magic. Balloon decorations have the power to make any occasion truly special, so let your imagination soar and enjoy the journey of decorating your event with balloons!
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At the end of 2014, more than 23% of the foreign currency denominated mortgage portfolio in Hungary was overdue; about 20% was classified as non-performing and the tendency is worsening. In this paper, we propose a solution to effectively reduce the credit and systemic risk inherent to this portfolio – the proposed model can be applied to other mortgage portfolios in trouble as well. The main element of our proposal is income-contingent repayment complemented with effective incentives to motivate debtors to repay their debt. We demonstrate that the proposed scheme is attractive for both the debtors and the lenders; therefore, contrary to some recent policy measures, in this case there is no need for direct state intervention to force modifications to the existing legal contracts. In order to evaluate the possible effects, we simulated a realistic population of borrowers with different age, debt, loan-to-value, and income. Then we calculated the expected income paths, the repayments of the borrowers as well as the profit of the lenders on the basis of the non-performing FX mortgage portfolio. The results underpin that the proposed scheme creates significant value added and, most importantly, that it can effectively reduce the vulnerability of the entire economy to future shocks.
A hazai diákhitelrendszer kidolgozása során az volt a cél, hogy a létrejövő új intézmény segítse a későbbiekben kibontakozó felsőoktatási reform megvalósítását. A hazai diákhitelrendszer elméleti alapjait a brit Nicholas Barr professzor fogalmazta meg. Az alábbi cikkben először röviden bemutatjuk a felsőoktatás finanszírozásának barri modelljét, amely markánsan különbözik a jelenlegi hazai gyakorlattól, ám mint távoli jövőkép lebeghet az oktatáspolitikusok szeme előtt. A modellnek két jellemzőjét érdemes kiemelni: a nagyfokú decentralizáltságot és a piaci mechanizmusok hangsúlyosságát. A finanszírozási modellből levezetjük a diákhitelrendszerrel szemben támasztott követelményeket, majd megvizsgáljuk, hogy ezek az elméleti szinten megfogalmazott elvárások mennyire teljesültek a gyakorlati megvalósítás során. A cikk megállapításai a 2002. novemberi helyzetet tükrözik.
We model the consequences of the soft budget constraint in the context of retail borrowers. While János Kornai formulated the term of “soft budget constraint” mainly for organizations (firms, banks, municipalities, NGOs, etc.), we show that it can be applied to individual borrowers as well. We derive the feasibility conditions for private and public debt relief programs in a utilitarian framework and find that lenders have no interest in offering payment reductions if non-performing borrowers are few, have small debts, and are difficult to reach – precisely the characteristics of the poor. In this situation, poor debtors serve better as deterrents, similarly if we put them into a pillory. We calibrate the model parameters to survey data on poor households struggling with overdue debts in small villages in a disadvantaged rural region in Hungary. We find that in normal economic circumstances, private debt relief programs are not feasible. State intervention can be justified by positive externalities and moral considerations.
The severity and frequency of operational loss events show high variability across the globe. In this paper, we first examine the extent to which the quality of country-level governance measured by the Worldwide Governance Indicators explains cross-country variation of operational losses. We use the comprehensive database of SAS OpRisk Global for the period of 2008–2019 covering 132 countries and 8,144 loss events with a total loss amount of almost 490 billion USD. Our findings indicate that the governance indicators lost their explanatory power over the past decades, which contradicts the academic consensus and calls for new explanatory variables. To find these variables, we hypothesize that the changes are driven by some important megatrends such as economic development and technological advancement, globalization, and sustainability. Accordingly, we propose an extended model where the number of mobile subscribers, the export to GDP ratio, and the poverty headcount ratio were significant for the frequency. For severity, only GDP is a significant and robust explanatory variable. Investors, regulators, and analysts should, therefore, concentrate on these factors if they wish to model, manage, or mitigate operational risks.
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Dominance hierarchy has a profound impact on animals’ survival, health, and reproductive success, but its neural circuit mechanism is virtually unknown. We found that dominance ranking in mice is transitive, relatively stable, and highly correlates among multiple behavior measures. Recording from layer V pyramidal neurons of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) showed higher strength of excitatory synaptic inputs in mice with higher ranking, as compared with their subordinate cage mates. Furthermore, molecular manipulations that resulted in an increase and decrease in the synaptic efficacy in dorsal mPFC neurons caused an upward and downward movement in the social rank, respectively. These results provide direct evidence for mPFC’s involvement in social hierarchy and suggest that social rank is plastic and can be tuned by altering synaptic strength in mPFC pyramidal cells.
Illustration (click to enlarge) - Synapses and rank - Excitatory synaptic drive onto cortical pyramidal neurons in the mouse brain is stronger in dominant individuals than subordinates. Modulating synaptic strength by increasing or decreasing AMPA receptor–mediated transmission switches the initial social ranking.
This blog reports new ideas and work on mind, brain, behavior, psychology, and politics - as well as random curious stuff
Tuesday, November 15, 2011
Synaptic switch to social status in medial prefrontal cortex.
Wang et al. have determined the social hierarchy within groups of mice by using multiple behavioral tests and find that the social hierarchical status of an individual correlates with the synaptic strength in medial prefrontal cortical neurons. Furthermore, the hierarchical status of mice can be changed from dominant to subordinate, or vice versa, by manipulating the strength of synapses in the medial prefrontal cortex. Here is the abstract, followed by a figure from the review by Maroteaux and Mamell:
Posted by Deric Bownds at 4:30 AM
Blog Categories: animal behavior, social cognition
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I suspect this is the mechanism defining the concept of "coolness." As in the feeling a hot gal gets upon ruling a nightclub or a rich person gets lording it over commoners. In humans the social dominance mechanism may or may not involve actually dominating others. We may just be the "it" guy or gal everyone knows is the hottest thing going in any given social environment.ReplyDelete
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Online sports betting and daily fantasy sports platforms have gained massive popularity in recent years. DraftKings is one of the leading platforms in this niche. However, like any digital service, there might be reasons why a user wants to delete their account.
If you’re reading this, you’re looking for a straightforward guide on how to delete your DraftKings account. Look no further! In this post, we’ll cover the process, as well as some important things you should consider before hitting that ‘delete’ button.
What You Need to Know Before Deleting Your DraftKings Account
- Account Balance: Ensure you have withdrawn all the funds from your DraftKings account. Once the account is deleted, retrieving these funds can be challenging.
- Pending Bets: Check if you have any outstanding bets or games that still need to be finished. Remember, if you delete your account, you may forfeit any potential winnings.
- Recurring Payments: If you have set up any regular payments or subscriptions with DraftKings, make sure to cancel those to avoid future unexpected charges.
- Data Loss: Understand that once you delete your account, all your historical data, including past games, wins, and statistics, will be lost and can’t be retrieved.
How To Delete DraftKings Account
- Login to Your Account: Start by logging into your DraftKings account.
- Navigate to Account Settings: Usually located in the top right corner or under a dropdown menu with your username.
- Find the ‘Delete Account’ Option: This might be under a section labeled ‘Account Preferences’ or ‘Security.’ The exact location can change, so always refer to the DraftKings help section if you need clarification.
- Follow the Prompts: DraftKings may ask you for a reason for deletion. Fill in the necessary details.
- Confirm Deletion: Before the final step, you will likely receive a warning about the consequences of deleting your account. If you’re sure, proceed and confirm the deletion.
How To Delete A Bet On DraftKings
It’s essential to clarify that once a bet is placed on DraftKings, you generally cannot delete or cancel that bet. However, some bets might have a ‘Cash Out‘ option, allowing you to settle your bet early at current odds. Always double-check your bets before placing them to avoid any mistakes.
Can I Delete My DraftKings Account And Make A New One?
Technically, yes. Once you delete your DraftKings account, you can sign up for a new account using a different email address. However, do note that by doing so, you will lose all your account history, and any promotions or bonuses linked to your old account won’t transfer to the new one.
Furthermore, DraftKings’ terms and conditions might have restrictions on users who delete and then recreate accounts frequently, so always check their latest policies.
In conclusion, while it’s straightforward to delete a DraftKings account, it’s vital to ensure you’ve considered all the implications of doing so. Always double-check your account balance, pending bets, and other essential details before taking the final step.
FAQs Based on This Guide:
- Q: Will I lose my funds if I delete my DraftKings account?
- A: Yes, if you have yet to withdraw your funds before deleting your account, you might lose access to them. Always withdraw any remaining balance before account deletion.
- Q: Can I recover my account once it’s deleted?
- A: No, once your DraftKings account is deleted, all data associated with it is permanently removed, and recovery is not possible.
- Q: I mistakenly placed a bet. Can I cancel it?
- A: Once a bet is placed on DraftKings, you generally cannot delete or cancel it. However, you can check if the ‘Cash Out’ option is available for that specific bet.
- Q: If I create a new DraftKings account, will my old account’s history transfer over?
- A: No, each DraftKings account has its unique history. Suppose you delete your account and create a new one; the previous history will not carry over.
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Metabolic syndrome is the most insidious promoter of chronic disease, such as heart disease and cancer, in the U.S. and much of the world today. If you avoid metabolic syndrome, you’ll greatly decrease your risk of ill health, even as you age. Let’s take a look at how metabolic syndrome promotes chronic disease.
What is metabolic syndrome?
Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of signs and symptoms unified by one mechanism: insulin resistance.
You have metabolic syndrome if you have any three of the following five risk factors (ref.):
- large waistline
- high triglycerides
- low HDL cholesterol
- high blood pressure
- high fasting blood sugar.
One way to look at metabolic syndrome is as a pot belly along with insulin resistance.
High prevalence of metabolic syndrome
This is where things get scary.
Metabolic syndrome is extremely prevalent, and is closely tied to the obesity epidemic.
Among American men, metabolic syndrome increase with age.
- In men from age 20-39, the rate of metabolic syndrome is 20%.
- In men from 40-59, the rate is 41%.
- In men 60 and up, the rate is 52%. (Ref.)
Among all U.S. adults, as many as 52% are diabetic or pre-diabetic. (Ref.)
These numbers may undercount the true rate, since a large fraction of the population, as much as 80%, may have some degree of insulin resistance.
If you look at the people around you, that isn’t hard to imagine, as hardly anyone is in good shape.
Metabolic syndrome greatly increases disease risk
Just insulin resistance alone may account for most increased risk of chronic disease.
In a well-known study, Reaven and colleagues measured insulin resistance in a group of healthy people, divided them into tertiles (thirds), and followed them for 6 years. They looked at how many in each group developed heart disease, stroke, hypertension, cancer, and diabetes. Results below.
No one in the lowest third group developed any of those diseases. All of those who did develop them were in the upper two thirds of insulin resistance. (Discussed here.)
Imagine adding hypertension or high triglycerides or any of the other risk factors.
Metabolic syndrome increases the risk of heart disease three times, and risk of diabetes five times. (Ref.)
Visceral (abdominal) fat, or central obesity, is highly associated with metabolic syndrome.
Men with high visceral fat have around a 5-fold increased risk for prostate cancer.(Ref.)
Women with high visceral fat have a nearly 10-fold risk of breast cancer. (Ref.)
As you can see, metabolic syndrome entails huge risks for heart disease, cancer, and diabetes.
If the Reaven study is more widely applicable, virtually all of the risk is seen in those with metabolic syndrome and/or insulin resistance.
The good news is, if you stay free of metabolic syndrome, your risk of these diseases is very low.
Metabolic syndrome: the modern condition
Why is there so much metabolic syndrome?
The conditions of modern times increase its incidence, which is highly correlated to obesity.
(Although don’t be complacent if your weight is normal. A large number of normal weight people, “skinny-fat”, have deranged glucose metabolism, if not frank metabolic syndrome.)
The processed food trifecta of refined carbohydrates, sugar, and seed oils lies behind the increase in obesity and metabolic syndrome.
Add to that 24/7 availability of garbage food, and the couch potato lifestyle so many of lead, and you’ve got the recipe for insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, and chronic disease.
How to prevent metabolic syndrome
Only around 10% of people at age 70 are free from chronic disease and frailty. Only 1% of those 85 and up are completely healthy.
If you want to be among them, you must stay free of metabolic syndrome.
How to do this?
- Stay lean. Avoid ultra-processed foods, with their refined carbs, seed oils, and sugar. Eat low-carb.
- Deplete glycogen. The storage form of carbohydrates is glycogen, and depleting it regularly increases insulin sensitivity and decreases your odds of being overweight. You do this through resistance training, intermittent fasting, and avoiding refined carbohydrates and sugar.
If you want to live in good health and free from disease, you can’t take the path that most of our countrymen are taking.
Average people have average health and an average lifespan, which is currently a paltry 76 for men, and 81 for women.
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Shipping goods via sea freight internationally happens on a daily basis and enables us to obtain products from anywhere in the world with ease. You could say that shipping keeps world trade turning particularly for the construction industry.The recent incident of the sea freight ship getting stuck in the Suez Canal may have prompted you to consider what goes into transporting construction products all over the world. If you have ever considered setting up a shipping business of your own or extending your current business to offer this service, read on for a few things to consider.
1. What Products will you be ShippingWhen creating a freight business, it is important to consider the items you will be shipping and the current demand for these them around the world. Identifying gaps in the market and establishing how your business can fill these gaps is an ideal way of establishing yourself in the shipping industry. New construction projects are started each day. The question is how is your business going to find them?
2. How will Products be Stored and AccessedBusinesses in the freight industry mostly own warehouses situated in various locations. Warehouse provide companies with storage solutions particularly when packing orders for shipping. It is important to consider the locations of your warehouses particularly when dealing with products significant in size like those of the construction industry.
3. The Legal Side to Opening a Freight BusinessOnce products and warehouse locations have been sorted, it’s time to focus of the legalities of your business. It is imperative that the relevant permits and licenses are acquired not to mention implementing insurance polices that will protect from potential issues and ensure that your business can trade effectively. One of the first policies to consider is contents insurance. The last thing that businesses want to consider are damage to stock resulting major losses.
4. Building a Customer BaseOne of the hardest things in starting a business is increasing your retention and ensuring your customers are talking about you. Initially this can be challenging. Offering discounts and rewarding loyal customers will incentivise customers to return increasing your chances of achieving maximum profits!
How Sea Freight WorksCompanies use freight companies for their extensive knowledge of importing and customs processes. Processes can be complex and mistakes are costly to fix. Having a shipping company taking the reins ensures that shipments get to their intended location as smoothly as possible. Companies arranging a shipment to be transported usually go through the following process:
- Find a shipping company and negotiate the price of the shipment
- Collection of the goods from the supplier to the shipping company
- Transferring the shipment from the port and into Customs
- Goods are loaded into either FCL or LCL containers and loaded onto a cargo ship
- On arrival in to the UK, the shipment is met by customs and released on receipt of duty paid
- Delivery of the goods to their final destination.
What are the Advantages of Sea Freight?There are many advantages to using sea freight to import your shipments. These include:
- Cost – Businesses looking to import shipments significant in size and in large quantities find sea freight one of the most cost-effective ways to transport it. Sea freight has been known to be 4- 6 times cheaper than air freight. Additionally, taxes are calculated in a different way to air freight keeping the costs down in other ways.
- The different options available with sea freight could suit a number of businesses. Sharing containers spreads the cost between companies.
- Sea freight importing does not have as many restrictions of what companies can import, in terms of size and amount as other methods do. Bigger items such as furniture or vehicles isn’t going to be so much of a problem by sea as it would by air.
- Sea freight is pretty much accessible from anywhere in the world.
- Sea freight importing is much better for the environment than other methods.
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Necroptosis is a recently described Caspase 8-indie approach to cell loss of life that denotes organized cellular necrosis. of loss of life from over-the-counter medicines and may be the leading reason behind acute liver organ failing in the created globe.1, 2, 3 Hepatic dysfunction from autoimmune hepatitis includes a prevalence of 10C20/100?000.4, 5 Other etiologies of acute liver organ failing include idiosyncratic a reaction to medicines such as for example tetracycline, severe viral or alcoholic hepatitis, acute fatty liver organ of being pregnant, and idiopathic causes. Clinical problems resulting from liver organ failure consist of hepatic encephalopathy, impaired proteins synthesis, and coagulopathies. Furthermore, you will find no effective methods to invert liver organ failing once advanced disease units in C no matter etiology C and transplantation regularly remains the only choice for success.6 Concanavalin-A (ConA) is Roxadustat a lectin produced from the jack-bean herb with a distinctive capability to induce hepatitis inside a well-described murine style of acute hepatic damage. ConA stimulates mouse Compact disc4+ T-cell subsets to mediate insult to hepatocytes. The producing cytokine launch can further result in recruitment and activation BTF2 of innate inflammatory mediators, which perpetuate an insidious routine of swelling and hepatocellular damage.7, 8, 9 APAP is a trusted analgesic and antipyretic. Although generally considered secure at therapeutic dosages, at higher dosages APAP causes severe liver organ failure seen as a centrilobular hepatic necrosis.1, 10 In therapeutic dosages, 90% of APAP is metabolized by glucuronidation and sulphation and its own metabolites are excreted via the renal program. Of the rest of the APAP, approximately 2% is usually excreted undamaged in the urine, and around 8% is usually metabolized from the cytochrome P450 program release a and galvanizing intrahepatic neutrophils and inflammatory monocytes, which exacerbate damage.17 However, alternative research using transgenic mice claim that NLRP3 inflammasome is basically dispensable for APAP toxicity.18 Thus the part of inflammasome activation in APAP toxicity is controversial and could be reliant on the complete experimental circumstances or stress of mice employed. Apoptosis and necrosis are classically comprehended procedures of cell loss of life that denote either structured Caspase 8-reliant programmed cell loss of life or non-programmed disorganized loss of life, respectively. As opposed to necrosis, that leads to the launch of DAMPs and sustains swelling, apoptosis generates cell fragments known as apoptotic body, which phagocytic cells have the ability to engulf prior to the Roxadustat contents from the cell can spill out onto the encompassing space and activate innate immunity. Necroptosis’ is usually a recently explained Caspase 8-impartial approach to cell loss of life that denotes structured mobile necrosis. Necroptosis needs the co-activation of RIP1 and RIP3 kinases. Both and investigations possess recommended that APAP can induce mobile demise via necrosis or Caspase 8-reliant Roxadustat apoptosis, which is set, partly, by ATP availability from glycolysis.19 Zhang WT liver (Supplementary Body S2B). Notably, PBS-treated liver organ from WT and RIP3?/? mice exhibited equivalent phenotypes (Supplementary Body S3). Open up in another window Body 2 RIP3 deletion protects against ConA hepatitis. (aCc) WT and RIP3?/? mice had been treated with ConA (20?g/g). (a) HematoxylinCeosin (H&E)-stained parts of the liver organ gathered 12?h after damage are shown. The small fraction of nonviable liver organ region was quantified (by preventing RIP1 activity.26, 27, 28 As opposed to our findings employing RIP3?/? mice, RIP1 inhibition significantly exacerbated disease. Particularly, ConA-challenged mice pretreated with Nec-1 exhibited exaggerated histological damage (Body 3a) and raised serum ALT likened.
- In the meantime, the phosphinate inhibitors symbolize a valuable starting point for further development of drug-like inhibitors against this target
- Unsurprisingly, the prices of treatment adjustments because of undesirable events have a tendency to end up being higher in community practice (Feinberg em et al /em , 2012; Oh em et al /em , 2014) than what’s generally reported in scientific trials
- Cells were analyzed by stream cytometry
- Cells were treated with the anti-FcR mAb 2
- Specifically, we compared surface markers and APM component expression in iDC
- Hello world! on
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What is Torticollis?
Torticollis, otherwise known as “wryneck,” is a condition that results in a painfully twisted and tilted neck. Torticollis is when the sternocleidomastoid, the muscle that runs from the back of the ear to the sternum, is shortened on one side of the neck. A child with torticollis will experience their chin facing one shoulder while the top of the head points towards the opposite shoulder.
How does physical therapy help?
Physical therapy helps patients with torticollis restore range of motion, improve strength, learn proper techniques, and adapt to their environment. In pediatric physical therapy, parent education is a critical component in order to ensure that children are participating in home practice exercises outside of therapy sessions.
What is range of motion (ROM)?
- Range of motion is the full movement potential of a joint. The three types of motion are active, passive, and active assisted.
- Active ROM: Child performs movements without any assistance from a physical therapist.
- Passive ROM: Child applies no effort to perform movements. The physical therapist (or equipment) completes all movements.
- Active assisted ROM: Child performs movements with the assistance of physical therapist.
What are proper techniques?
Physical therapists help to educate and instruct the child and their parent/caregiver on proper techniques for positioning, handling, stretching, and other exercises to continue gentle rehabilitation remotely. Performing proper techniques allows the neck and back muscles to strengthen and stretch, corrects muscle imbalance, improves postural control and body symmetry, helps body alignment by easing muscle tension, and promotes pain-free movement.
What does a physical therapy session entail?
Physical therapy exercises for torticollis help stretch muscles and strengthen weak muscles in the neck and back. The exercises might incorporate other modalities, including heat, massage, and traction. During sessions, physical therapists demonstrate the proper techniques for taping and stretching to elongate muscles, massage the affected areas, restore alignment, and address strength along with range of motion deficits.
Benefits of physical therapy
Physical therapy helps children maximize their participation in daily activities despite their diagnosis. These sessions help prevent permanent damage while teaching compensatory techniques so a child can participate in their normal routine with pain free movement. It connects children and their parents/caregivers to medical professionals who can improve their physical health, connect them with assistive technology, and live to their fullest potential.
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Work From Home Jobs Florida
Welcoming the Future: Work From Home Jobs Florida
In the ever-evolving landscape of the contemporary workplace, a revolutionary shift has actually happened – one that has reshaped the conventional nine-to-five grind and given birth to the period of remote work. The appeal of working from the comfort of one’s home has transcended the boundaries of conventional employment, opening up new vistas for experts looking for an unified mix of profession and way of life.
The phrase “Work from Home” or “Remote Jobs” has become more than simply a trending buzzword; it’s a transformative force that has actually redefined how we perceive and engage in work. In this short article, we explore the complex measurements of remote work, exploring its origins, advantages, difficulties, and the growing ecosystem that has emerged around it.
The Development of Remote Work
The roots of remote work can be traced back to the development of the digital era, taking its initial steps as an idea in the 1970s when early computer networks prepared for decentralized communication. However, it was the quick advancements in technology and the expansion of the internet in the late 20th century that genuinely catalyzed the advancement of remote work. The capability to connect worldwide, share info instantaneously, and collaborate across borders became a reality, reshaping the characteristics of the standard work environment. As we entered the 21st century, business began to recognize the potential of a remote labor force, driven by the increasing schedule of high-speed web, advanced task management tools, and real-time interaction platforms.
This digital infrastructure helped with seamless cooperation, allowing professionals to add to projects irrespective of their physical location. The transformative power of remote work ended up being evident, and what was when an erratic arrangement for a fortunate couple of progressed into a practical and sought-after alternative for the wider labor force. The continuous development of remote work is not merely an action to technological development but a profound shift in the mindset of both companies and employees, redefining the very essence of how, when, and where work is accomplished.
Work From Home Jobs Florida – The Benefits of Remote Jobs
The advantages of remote jobs extend beyond the evident benefit of trading a standard office space for a home office. The remote work paradigm opens doors to a myriad of advantages that transcend the restraints of physical proximity. For employees, the autonomy to produce a customized work environment not just increases efficiency but also enhances task complete satisfaction. The removal of everyday commutes equates into significant time savings, fostering a healthier work-life balance and reducing tension connected with rush-hour traffic. Work From Home Jobs Florida.
Furthermore, the geographical barriers that when limited task opportunities are taken apart, empowering individuals to seek employment based upon abilities and compatibility rather than proximity to a physical office. This newfound versatility is a game-changer, enabling experts to customize their work hours to peak performance, accommodating varied lifestyles and personal dedications. Beyond the concrete advantages for employees, employers enjoy benefits also, using a global talent pool, minimizing overhead expenses associated with preserving physical office, and fostering an inclusive and varied work environment. The appeal of remote tasks lies not just in the comfort of one’s home however in the transformative capacity to redefine the very nature of work itself.
Overcoming Challenges in the Remote Landscape
Regardless of the myriad benefits of remote jobs, the landscape is not lacking obstacles. One prominent hurdle is the capacity for seclusion and the effect on social characteristics. The absence of face-to-face interactions can result in feelings of disconnection among team members, affecting sociability and collective spirit. In addition, the blurred boundaries between work and personal life position an unique obstacle.
Remote workers might discover it challenging to establish a clear distinction in between expert and individual areas, potentially leading to longer working hours and increased stress. Employers, too, face the task of guaranteeing effective communication and group cohesion in a virtual setting. This needs not just executing robust virtual cooperation tools however likewise promoting a culture that focuses on open interaction and connection. As the remote work landscape develops, ingenious options, such as virtual team-building activities and wellness efforts, are emerging to address these obstacles head-on. The development of remote work involves not just technological developments however likewise a nuanced understanding of human dynamics and the application of techniques to improve the total remote work experience.
The Remote Task Environment
As remote work gains prevalent approval, a dynamic and supportive ecosystem has actually emerged to deal with the unique requirements of remote experts. Job boards dedicated exclusively to remote opportunities have actually multiplied, providing a centralized hub for individuals looking for flexible work plans. These platforms not only display a wide variety of job listings however likewise help with connections between employers and remote skill on a worldwide scale. Virtual coworking areas, another essential component of the remote job ecosystem, replicate the collective environment of standard offices in a digital environment. Work From Home Jobs Florida.
These spaces offer professionals the chance to network, share insights, and combat the potential isolation associated with remote work. Beyond task boards and coworking spaces, digital nomad communities have grown, connecting people with a shared enthusiasm for location-independent work. Freelancers, too, have found a prospering marketplace through platforms that connect them with clients worldwide. The environment surrounding remote jobs is not just a collection of tools however a testament to the flexibility of the workforce and the creative solutions that have emerged to support the growing pattern of remote work.
The Future of Work: Remote and Beyond
The trajectory of the modern workplace is undoubtedly guided by the momentum of remote work, shaping a future that goes beyond the limitations of conventional office structures. Business are reviewing their organizational structures, with an increasing number embracing hybrid designs that combine the advantages of remote work with in-person collaboration. The future of work is pictured as a dynamic interaction in between virtual and physical realms, acknowledging the value of flexibility and flexibility in meeting the varied requirements of an international labor force.
As technological advancements continue to redefine how we interact and collaborate, the barriers to smooth remote work are slowly decreasing. Companies are purchasing advanced tools that help with virtual cooperation, ensuring that groups can interact cohesively, irrespective of geographical ranges. Employees, in turn, are reimagining their profession trajectories, with the liberty to choose roles based upon their abilities and enthusiasms rather than geographical restrictions. The rise of remote work represents not just a change in workplace characteristics however a cultural shift towards focusing on individual autonomy, performance, and a holistic work-life combination. The future of work is not merely remote – it’s a tapestry of possibilities where specialists can browse their careers with extraordinary flexibility and function.
Summary: Work From Home Jobs Florida
In conclusion, the seismic shift toward remote work represents a critical juncture in the development of the contemporary office, with far-reaching ramifications for both people and organizations. The allure of working from home, when considered a luxury, has actually morphed into a necessity and a driver for development. Remote tasks are not simply a response to technological development but an essential rethinking of the standard ideas of work. Beyond the shallow benefit, remote work offers a spectrum of advantages that improve the dynamics of professional life. The autonomy it supplies, empowering staff members to curate their workplace, is not simply a comfort but a cornerstone of increased efficiency and job complete satisfaction.
Nevertheless, the journey into the remote work landscape is not without its difficulties. The potential for seclusion and the battle to delineate clear borders in between work and individual life are hurdles that demand ingenious solutions. The development of remote work demands not only technological advancements however a nuanced understanding of human dynamics and the application of techniques to enhance the general remote work experience.
As the demand for remote jobs rises, a robust environment has actually grown to support this brand-new paradigm. Task boards, virtual coworking spaces, and digital wanderer communities have actually ended up being important parts, helping with task discovery, networking, and skill advancement. Freelancers, too, have found a fertile ground, getting in touch with clients worldwide and adding to the flourishing landscape of remote work.
Looking ahead, the future of work is imagined as a hybrid model, integrating the versatility of remote work with the collective spirit of in-person interactions. Business are recalibrating their structures, and individuals are redefining their profession courses in a world where geographical restraints are no longer insurmountable. The increase of remote work is not a transient trend but a precursor of an extensive transformation, forming a workplace culture that values autonomy, performance, and holistic wellness. The future of work is dynamic and varied, providing specialists unprecedented flexibility to browse their professions with function and satisfaction.
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Solar-Powered Highways: Paving the Way for a Greener Future
Modern road solutions called solar-powered roads include solar panels onto the asphalt or concrete of the road, transforming sunlight into electricity. With the addition of useful road infrastructure, this green technology seeks to produce clean energy, lower carbon emissions, and promote sustainable mobility.
Solar-powered roads use road surface-mounted solar panels to produce energy that is clean from sunshine. By generating clean power, lowering the release of carbon dioxide, and promoting environmentally conscious transportation systems, this idea supports the preservation of the environment.
The Covenant of Solar Panel Roads: Building the Roads to a Greener Future
As the globe grapples with the pressing need to shift to environmentally friendly energy sources, novel approaches are being explored from many directions. Solar panel roadways are one such ground-breaking proposal that is gaining popularity. This ground-breaking technology not only promises to create renewable energy but also to drastically cut the production of greenhouse gasses, paving the path for a brighter future. Solar panel roads, additionally referred to as optoelectronic highways, are simply pavements that have solar panels embedded in them. These panels capture the energy of the sun and transform it into electricity, which can then be utilized to power everything from streetlights to electric vehicles and neighboring residences. The idea began as a response to the energy problem and has now grown into a potential technique for mitigating climate change.
The Design of the Solar Highway
These solar panels are made up of numerous components, including microprocessors that enable the panels to connect with a central control station, heating elements to prevent snow and ice collection, and LED illumination to generate lines and roadway markings without any application of paint. The reality that it has an abundance of the road surface is exactly why numerous countries have come up with the notion of building solar roadways. China, France, and the Netherlands have already taken the initial steps toward implementing solar roadways. As with everything new, some challenges must be overcome. These routes must be kept clean of snow and mud to function properly. Road dust, tire dust, and diesel exhaust fumes appear to be the most problematic, since they may conceal panels and reduce power output. Panels must also be robust and dependable since no driver wants to see a cracked discussion beneath their vehicle. Fortunately, those concerns have since been resolved.
Solar Highways Address The “Space” Issue
Fortunately, there is an accessible alternative. Roads are abundant in all affluent nations. The total distance of roadway surface is immense; the United Kingdom alone has a network of over 422.000 km (262.000 miles)! If we could quadruple the area used as solar panels, we may produce enough power to shut down coal-power plants (such as Poland’s Belchatow Power Station, Europe’s greatest CO2 emitter) or phase out diesel automobiles. It is predicted that if converted into solar panels, US roads could provide more than twice the amount of power that the country now requires it. In simple terms, converting from pavement to solar panel roadways might address all the current energy crisis difficulties. It could help in the defeat of the the most severe threat we face now, climate change.
Conclusion finally, solar-powered roads have enormous promise as a trailblazing approach for fostering a future that is more sustainable and environmentally friendly. These highways may significantly help to decrease carbon emissions, increase energy self-sufficiency, and encourage greener forms of transportation by seamlessly integrating renewable energy generation with our transportation infrastructure. We pave the road for a more brilliant and environmentally responsible tomorrow by continuing to innovate and invest in such breakthrough technology.
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Mehdi Ordikhani-Seyedlar: What happens in your brain when you pay attention?
מהדי אורדיקהני-סיידלר: מה קורה במוח כשאתם שמים לב למשהו?
Mehdi Ordikhani-Seyedlar is a computational neuroscientist, researching brain signals and their usage in brain-machine interfaces. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
in so many different directions at a time,
כיוונים בכל רגע נתון,
if you can stay focused.
is all about what we are focusing on,
מה שאנו מתמקדים בו,
our brain is trying to filter out.
you direct your attention.
תשומת הלב שלכם.
you move your eyes towards something
you pay attention to something,
אתם שמים לב למשהו,
your direction of the eyes,
the surrounding area,
the brain and the computer.
we can build models for the computers,
לבנות מודלים עבור המחשבים,
how well our brain functions.
can be used as assistive devices
an interesting model for computers.
למודל מעניין עבור מחשבים.
what are the brainwave patterns
or when you look covertly.
there are two flickering squares,
at a slower rate than the other one.
you are paying attention to,
will start resonating in the same rate
יתחילו להדהד באותו קצב
you are watching
when you pay overt attention,
in one of the squares
we saw that these flickering squares
שאותם ריבועים מהבהבים
from the back of their head,
of your visual information.
when you pay covert attention.
שמים לב בצורה סמויה.
to look in the middle of the screen
to either of these squares.
appeared in their brain signals,
בגלי המוח שלהם,
which was paid attention to,
the activation of the frontal area.
it seems that it works as a filter
only from the right flicker
coming from the ignored one.
מהריבוע שאתם מתעלמים ממנו.
is indeed a key for attention,
cannot inhibit these distractors,
לא יכול לרסן את ההפרעות הללו,
for a long time on a single task.
and he lost complete ability to speak.
והוא איבד את היכולת לדבר.
but there was no way to respond,
אך לא היתה לו דרך להגיב,
because he was illiterate.
כיוון שלא ידע קרוא וכתוב.
about images or even letters,
או אפילו אותיות,
a different brainwave pattern
communicate for people who can't speak?
במקום אנשים שאינם יכולים לדבר?
the thoughts of a person in a coma?
של אדם מחוסר הכרה?
Reviewed by Ido Dekkers
ABOUT THE SPEAKERMehdi Ordikhani-Seyedlar - Neuroscientist
Mehdi Ordikhani-Seyedlar is a computational neuroscientist, researching brain signals and their usage in brain-machine interfaces.
Why you should listen
Mehdi Ordikhani-Seyedlar is a research scientist interested in brain-wave patterns generated by neural activities in the brain. Since embarking on his research on neuroscience, Ordikhani-Seyedlar has been working on different brain functions such as learning, memory, pain and, more recently, visual attention in humans. He also conducted a part of his research on monkeys when he was in Dr. Miguel Nicolelis' lab at Duke University. His findings help implement more accurate brain-machine interfaces to treat people who are suffering from attention deficiency.
After receiving his Ph.D in Biomedical Engineering, Ordikhani-Seyedlar was offered a postdoctoral position by Duke University to develop algorithms to process large-scale neuronal activity and brain-machine interfaces. However, due to political complications in the United States, Ordikhani-Seyedlar -- an Iranian citizen -- changed his plan to continue his brain research outside the US for some time.
As a passionate neuroscientist and neuroengineer, Ordikhani-Seyedlar's aim is to improve brain pattern detectability in computers. This enhances the ability of brain-machine interfaces substantially to better target the defected brain function which in turn enhances the sustainability of treatment effect.
Mehdi Ordikhani-Seyedlar | Speaker | TED.com
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Defect life cycle is the series of states that a defect or bug traverses before being disposed or closed. Defect life cycle or Bug life cycle starts when the a defect is found in the software product and ends when defect is disposed or closed.
Before we actually go into the details of defect life cycle lets first try to understand what is a defect and when is the defect introduced in software.
A defect or bug is flaw in any software system that can cause the software system to fail to perform what its actually supposed to perform. A defect gets introduced in software work product due to the mistake made by the person creating that work product.(Work product can be requirements, design document, test plan, test scripts, code etc.)
A defect can be introduced in any phase of SLDC(Software Development Life Cycle) so it is very important that test team is involved from beginning of SDLC for detecting and removal of defects. The earliest the defect is detected and rectified, the minimal cost of quality will incur.
For Example: If the defect is identified in requirements phase then the cost of fixing it is just modifying the requirement whereas if the wrong requirement is designed and implemented in the code and found during the test execution phase then the cost to fix that defect will be very high as the fix needs to be done in requirement and then those changes need to propagate to design, development and testing again.
In the figure shown below all the defect reports move through a series of clearly identified states before they are Closed/Disposed.
- A defect is in open state when the tester finds any variation in the test results during testing, peer tester reviews the defect report and a defect is opened.
- Now the project team decides whether to fix the defect in that release or to postpone it for future release. If the defect is to be fixed, a developer is assigned the defect and defect moves to assigned state.
- If the defect is to be fixed in later releases it is moved to deferred state.
- Once the defect is assigned to the developer it is fixed by developer and moved to fixed state, after this an e-mail is generated by the defect tracking tool to the tester who reported the defect to verify the fix.
- The tester verifies the fix and closes the defect, after this defect moves to closed state.
- If the defect fix does not solve the issue reported by tester, tester re-opens the defect and defect moves to re-opened state. It is then approved for re-repair and again assigned to developer.
- If the project team defers the defect it is moved to deferred state, after this project team decides when to fix the defect. It is re-opened in other development cycles and moved to re-opened state.
- It is then assigned to developer to fix it.
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Offer of the decade FLAT 20% off + sign up bonus of $20
The primary requisite of a research paper that will fetch you loads of marks is authentic information from reliable sources. It demands regular field visits, library work, browsing the internet for relevant materials, analysis, and comparison of several data to come up with a stellar paper each time. Assignments and thesis work are a crucial part of your high school curriculum and both have one aspect in common. Each of these requires extensive research work to gather the necessary information.
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You must know these parts and follow them well while writing the research paper.
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You need to follow these steps to write a perfect research paper:
The steps will help you frame a good research paper. You must follow these steps to impress your instructor and be aligned with the tasks.
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Once upon a time, in a small, quiet town, a heartwarming tale of resilience and redemption began. It was a story about a dog named Cookie.
Cookie, a gentle and loving Labrador, was discovered abandoned on the side of a dusty road, her once-sleek coat now matted and her bright eyes clouded with pain. The wounds on her body were infested with maggots, a testament to the neglect she had endured. She had been discarded, a mere breeding machine who had likely brought 50 litters of puppies into the world before being callously thrown away.
At the age of 6, Cookie was rescued by a compassionate soul who couldn’t bear to see her suffering any longer. She took her in, knowing that rehabilitation would be a long and challenging journey, but she was determined to give Cookie the life she had always deserved.
As Cookie’s story of healing and recovery unfolded, it was impossible to overlook the physical and emotional scars that bore the painful marks of her past life. These scars told a tale of unimaginable hardship:
Cookie would never venture onto the terrace of her new home, as if haunted by a memory of confinement. It was a place where she had likely been locked up, with no room to run or explore.
She had developed a peculiar habit of eating cow dung, suggesting that she had been starved and left with no other option for sustenance.
The collar around her neck was fused with a rusty chain, a cruel symbol of a life spent in captivity, where her movement had been restricted.
Her back legs were weak and lacked muscle, a painful reminder of the days when she was never allowed to roam freely or experience the joy of a simple walk.
Despite the emotional scars that she carried, Cookie’s resilient spirit shone brightly. She was a survivor, a testament to the indomitable will of dogs and their ability to forgive and love again.
In her new home, surrounded by a loving family of eight and another dog companion, Cookie embarked on a journey of transformation.
With each passing day, she grew stronger, both in body and in spirit. She began to explore her newfound freedom, taking hesitant steps onto the terrace and eventually learning that she was safe in her new environment.
No longer bound by the chains of her past, Cookie reveled in the love, care, and attention she received. She enjoyed daily walks in the park, savored the finest foods and treats, and basked in the affection of her new family.
Cookie’s story is a poignant reminder of the resilience and capacity for love that dogs possess. She emerged from the darkest of circumstances to live a life filled with joy and the love she deserved all along.
Her journey inspires us to recognize the importance of compassion and to provide second chances to those who need it most. Cookie found her forever home and, in doing so, found the love and happiness she had always deserved.
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The most frequently asked question we get is "will cicadas spoil my outdoor wedding"? I guess Al Roker gets the " will it rain on my wedding day" questions? Seriously, most people consider their wedding day the most important day of their life — no wonder they want it to be perfect. I’m no Jennifer
Lopez, but I’ll try to help you plan around these potential wedding crashers.
Magicicada typically emerge sometime in early May and have expired by the last week of June. When they emerge depends on where you live. Typically, cicadas in northern states emerge later than those in southern states, but you can pretty much count on them being around in May and June. Try the cicada emergence formula to try to estimate when they will emerge in your area.
You can use the chart on our Frequently Asked Questions page to see if Magicicadas are emerging in your state in the year of your wedding.
There are two things you need to consider: 1) your state and city, and 2) the actual location where the wedding will be held.
Your state and city:
First check the cicada maps!
- Step 1: Find an actual map of your state and town – you can use Mapquest.
- Step 2: Find a corresponding cicada brood map. A brood map will tell you where the cicadas will appear in a given year. We have most of the brood maps here.
- Step 3) compare the brood map with the real map. If the areas match, cicadas may be an issue.
The actual location where the wedding will be held:
The good news is Magicicadas don’t emerge in every yard and every neighborhood. You have to do some research:
- Ask the property owners what the last emergence was like. If they weren’t around, knock on a few doors, or go to the library and check the town newspaper. Obviously, if the last emergence was heavy, cicadas may be an issue.
- Does the property have no trees, some trees, or is it like a forest? Cicadas love trees, especially deciduous trees (like oaks, maples) and fruit trees. If there are plenty of trees in the yard or the surrounding yards, cicadas may be an issue.
- Consider renting a hall. Sure, grandma’s yard is pretty,
but nothing beats peace of mind — and it might rain anyway.
- If you’re set on having an outdoor wedding rent a big tent. Definitely, have a tent for the ceremony and guests. Remember, it has to fit the band as well. You might also consider renting a second tent for the food area.
- Music. Cicadas are loud, and you will hear them, but good PA systems (like those DJs use), and bands are louder. A small stereo might not be loud enough.
- The food. Don’t bring it out until it’s time to eat, and keep it covered. Your caterer should have some ideas as well — like serve the food inside the house, or under a tent. Cicadas have no interest in human food, but one might fall out of a tree and into the potato salad.
- Educate your guests: Let them know that cicadas don’t sting like bees. Let them know they’ll be around for the length of the party.
- Clean up: Cicadas leave skins behind — you may have to clean up before the wedding. A shop vac works fine.
- Make a game of it. Kids love bugs: have some containers around for the kids to collect the cicadas in. It’s something they’ll never forget.
- Bring your sense of humor, and relax. Like rain, there’s not much you can do about it. If the property is full of cicadas, get set for some hilarious pictures.
- Bagpipes are effective at drowning out cicadas.
- Don’t Use pesticide. You’ll only stink up the yard, and make the guests sick. Plus, cicadas are flyers — the cicadas from the neighbor’s yard will fly right into yours.
- Don’t Panic. They’re only bugs, and while they look fearsome and have hard body parts, they don’t bite and sting like bees and flies do.
What you can expect
- The bodies of dead cicadas littering the ground.
- The constant hum of cicada song.
- An occasional cicada landing on a guest. Guests screaming.
- An occasional cicada crawling on a table, chair, barbecue.
I speak from personal experience. In 1996 friends of mine had an outdoor wedding in the midst of a cicada emergence. The yard was filled with tall oak trees (which cicadas love) — and plenty of cicadas as well. Cicada shells littered the ground near the base of trees. You could hear the cicadas hum the whole time, but they didn’t drown out the music (a classic quartet, and a DJ later on). An occasional cicada landed on a guest, and you could see a few crawling on lawn chairs, but everyone seemed to take it in stride and the kids loved them. The cicadas only made the event even more memorable.
On the other hand, my sister thinks the cicadas “pretty much destroyed the wedding”, so maybe you should rent a hall after all.
Lastly, here’s some scenes from a cicada infested wedding I attended in 1996:
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What exactly is rheumatoid arthritis?
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that can cause joint pain, inflammation, and organ damage. Rheumatoid Arthritis treatment with homeopathy is safe and doesn’t have adverse effects. Check the space below to know more about Rheumatoid Arthritis.
The joint damage caused by RA generally affects both sides of the body.
As a result, if a joint in one of your arms or legs is affected, the same joint in the other arm or leg is likely to be impacted as well. This is one method doctors distinguish RA from other types of arthritis, such as osteoarthritis (OA).
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by joint inflammation and discomfort. It affects when the immune system stops working properly and targets the synovial lining of the joints. The condition most typically affects hands, knees, or ankles, with the same joint on both sides of the body, such as both hands or both knees, being affected. However, RA can also cause difficulties in other body sections, such as the eyes, heart, circulatory system, and lungs.
For unknown reasons, women are more likely than males to get RA, which often manifests itself in middle life. Having a family member with RA raises the likelihood of getting the disease.
- The most frequent kind of autoimmune arthritis is rheumatoid arthritis (RA). It occurs when the immune system (the body’s defensive mechanism) fails to function correctly. RA produces wrist pain and edema, as well as pain and swelling in the tiny joints of the hand and foot
- Rheumatoid Arthritis treatment can reduce joint discomfort and swelling. Treatment also helps to keep joints in good shape. Early treatment will result in improved long-term outcomes
- Regular low-impact workouts, such as walking, can help to build muscular strength. This will boost your overall health and relieve joint strain
- According to studies, persons who receive early treatment for RA feel better sooner and more frequently, and they are more likely to live an active life. They are also less prone to suffer from the sort of joint deterioration that necessitates joint replacement
- It is critical to seek the advice of a rheumatologist. A rheumatologist is a doctor who specializes in the treatment of arthritis and autoimmune disease. Certain disorders can be misdiagnosed as RA. It is critical to obtain an accurate diagnosis without undergoing unnecessary tests. A rheumatologist will assist you in determining the optimal treatment option for your disease.
Symptoms of Rheumatoid Arthritis
RA is a chronic condition characterized by joint inflammation and discomfort. These symptoms and indicators worsen during flare-ups or feeling sick. Other times are known as remission periods when symptoms might entirely subside.
The hands, wrists, and knees are the most typically affected joints by RA symptoms, but they can also affect tissues and organs throughout the body, including the lungs, heart, and eyes.
Among the symptoms are:
- Aching or soreness in more than one joint
- Stiffness in many joints
- Tenderness and edema in many joints
- Across both sides of the body, the same joint symptoms
- Deformities and loss of joint function
- Fever of mild intensity
- Appetite loss
The severity of the symptoms might range from minor to severe. It’s critical not to dismiss your symptoms, even if they come and go. Knowing the early indications of RA will help you and your healthcare practitioner treat and manage it more effectively.
Rheumatoid arthritis causes and risk factors
A variety of genetic and environmental variables may raise your chance of getting rheumatoid arthritis.
RA is an autoimmune disorder caused by your immune system attacking healthy bodily tissues. However, the exact causes or triggers of RA remain unknown.
As part of the disease process, your immune system delivers antibodies to the lining of your joints if you have RA. These antibodies target the tissues that line your joints, causing the lining cells (synovial cells) to increase and contribute to inflammation. Chemicals are generated during this process, harming adjacent bones, cartilage, tendons, and ligaments.
If RA is not treated, the joint will deteriorate and lose its form and alignment, eventually destroying it.
- Age: Adults in their 50s are most likely to get RA. For both men & woman, the risk increases with age.
- Sex: Persons who are born female are two to three times more likely to acquire RA than people who are born male
- Genetics: People born with certain genes, known as HLA class II genotypes, are more prone to develop RA. Obesity and exposure to environmental variables such as smoking may increase the risk of RA in those with these genes
- History of live births: People with ovaries who have never given birth may be more likely to get RA than those who have
- Early childhood exposure: Children whose moms smoked have a double chance of having RA as adults, according to the researchers
- Smoking: According to research, those who smoke cigarettes are more likely to get RA
- Obesity: Obesity can increase the likelihood of having RA
- Diet: High salt, sugar (particularly fructose), red meat, and iron intake are linked to an increased risk of getting RA
Effects on Health
- Eyes: Dryness, discomfort, inflammation, redness, sensitivity to light, and difficulty seeing are among the symptoms
- Mouth: Gum inflammation, irritation, or infection as a result of dryness
- Skin: Rheumatoid nodules are tiny bumps beneath the skin that cover bony regions
- Lungs: Shortness of breath and lung disease can result from inflammation and scarring
- Blood Vessels: Inflammation of blood vessels, which can cause nerve, skin, and organ damage
- Blood: A red blood cell count that is lower than usual
- Heart: Inflammation can harm the heart muscle and its surrounding tissues
Painful joints can make it difficult to exercise, which leads to weight gain. Obesity may increase the risk of developing high cholesterol, diabetes, heart disease, and high blood pressure in individuals with RA.
What does RA look like, and how does it feel?
RA may manifest itself most visibly in your hands and feet, especially as the disease advances and if you do not already have a treatment plan.
Fingers, wrists, knees, ankles, and toes commonly swell. A person with RA may have difficulty walking because of ligament damage and swelling in the feet.
If you do not receive Rheumatoid Arthritis treatment, you may develop significant abnormalities in your hands and feet. Hand and finger deformities can give the hands and fingers a curled, claw-like look.
Your toes can also take on a claw-like appearance, curving upward at times and curling beneath the ball of your foot at others.
On your feet, you may also discover ulcers, nodules, bunions, and calluses.
Rheumatoid nodules are lumps that can form anywhere on your body where joints are inflamed. These can be extremely little to the size of a walnut or greater, and they might appear in groups.
Is rheumatoid arthritis a hereditary disease?
If you have a family member who has or has had RA, speak with your doctor, especially if you have any signs of chronic joint pain, swelling, or stiffness that is not caused by overuse or damage.
Having a family history of RA raises your chances of developing the condition, and early detection can make a major difference in how successful treatment is.
So, can you get RA from your parents? Perhaps — find out more here.
Rheumatoid Arthritis Homeopathy Treatment
We provide the most effective homeopathy treatment for rheumatoid arthritis. It is an excellent treatment for chronic and auto-immune diseases such as Rheumatoid Arthritis. Dr. Positive Homeopathy’s comprehensive approach guarantees that the core cause of the disease is identified and that the appropriate therapy is delivered.
Our safe and effective Rheumatoid Arthritis treatment will relieve the symptoms while also preventing the infection from spreading to other regions of the body. Our experienced doctor’s recommendations and actions will help the sufferer live a normal and smooth everyday life free of difficulties and hardship.
Contact us today to learn more about Dr. Positive Homeopathy’s treatments and services.
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The differential diagnosis of cystic lesions of the liver includes bilomas, abscesses, parasitic disease, simple cysts, polycystic liver disease (PCLD), biliary cystadenoma, and cystadenocarcinoma.1 The disease spectrum includes infectious, traumatic, congenital, and neoplastic hepatic lesions that are relatively uncommon. While significant improvements have been made in the diagnosis, treatment, and outcome of many of these cystic hepatic lesions, controversy continues regarding the best treatment option. Many classification systems exist for these lesions; however, the one used in this chapter is presented in Table 43-1.
Table 43-1: Classification of Cystic Hepatic Lesions ||Download (.pdf)
Table 43-1: Classification of Cystic Hepatic Lesions
|I. Infectious hepatic cysts|
|A. Pyogenic liver abscess|
|B. Amebic liver abscess|
|C. Hydatid liver cysts|
|II. Congenital hepatic cysts|
|A. Simple cysts|
|B. Polycystic liver disease|
|III. Neoplastic hepatic cysts|
|IV. Traumatic hepatic cysts|
The first description of a hepatic abscess is credited to Hippocrates in the year 4000 BC. Ochsner's classic 1938 paper2 described this disease as one that occurred in young males with pylephlebitis, usually due to appendicitis, and resulting in liver abscess. At that time, pyogenic liver abscesses carried a case-fatality rate of 77%2 and open surgical drainage remained the treatment of choice for many years. In 1953, McFadzean and associates3 in Hong Kong advocated closed aspiration and antibiotics for treatment of solitary pyogenic liver abscess; however, this treatment did not gain widespread acceptance until imaging advancements in the 1980s allowed for precise localization and a percutaneous approach to treatment. In recent decades, the predominant etiology of pyogenic liver abscess has changed from pylephlebitis to a biliary origin, and more recent reports from Asia and the United States have noted an increase in incidence of cryptogenic liver abscesses. Fortunately, advanced imaging techniques and improved therapeutic modalities have decreased the case-fatality rate for this disease to 6–26%.4,5
Kupffer cells act as a filter for the clearance of microorganisms in the liver. These organisms reach the liver through the bloodstream, biliary tree, or direct extension. Abscesses occur when normal hepatic clearance mechanisms fail or the system is overwhelmed. Parenchymal necrosis and hematoma secondary to trauma, obstructive biliary processes, ischemia, and malignancy also promote invasion of microorganisms.
In order to appropriately treat the abscess, source control is required. Six distinct categories have been identified as potential sources: (1) bile ducts, causing ascending cholangitis; (2) portal vein, causing pylephlebitis from appendicitis or diverticulitis; (3) direct extension from a contiguous disease; (4) trauma due to blunt or penetrating injuries; (5) hepatic artery due to septicemia; and (6) cryptogenic6,7 (Fig. 43-1).
Biliary disease accounts for 35–40% of all pyogenic liver abscesses, and 40% of pyogenic liver abscesses of biliary origin are related to an underlying malignancy.6 Obstruction of the biliary tree is the norm, ...
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The prejudice of journalists and news producers in the mass media in the selection of numerous events and stories that are reported and how they are covered is referred to as media bias. A number of national and international watchdog organizations report on media bias. These include the Project for Excellence in Journalism at the Pew Research Center, which monitors both print and television journalism.
Media bias can take many forms including failure to cover issues that matter to minorities or women (or men), lack of diversity in news reporting sources, and/or failure to accurately report on these issues. For example, research has shown that women are under-represented in positions of power within the mainstream media. Similarly, people of color are disproportionately represented in prison systems across the world, yet there are very few reports that examine this issue from a racial justice perspective. Media bias is also demonstrated by limiting coverage of events that matter to particular groups, such as gay rights news or immigration stories, or failing to cover these topics at all.
Some have argued that media bias is a natural consequence of human nature since news organizations must choose what stories to cover. Others argue that it is a deliberate strategy used by those who hold power to maintain their dominance over society. Still others claim that no matter how you slice it, media bias is bad for democracy because it limits public awareness about important issues that could affect voting choices.
The ownership of the news source, the concentration of media ownership, the subjective selection of employees, or the preferences of a targeted audience are all market pressures that result in a skewed presentation. These include the National Association of Broadcasters, which reports on issues such as fairness in coverage between liberal and conservative voices; the American Press Institute, which tracks trends in journalism education and practice; and the Project for Excellence in Journalism, which focuses on state-based media systems.
In addition to these organizations, there are several studies conducted by academic institutions that examine media bias. Two recent examples are the Columbia University NewsBusters project, which examines political bias in the news over time, and the Pew Research Center's Project for Excellence in Journalism, which assesses state-based media systems.
These studies have shown that media bias exists across a variety of topics, including politics, environment/science, crime/justice, health/science, and local government.
Some studies have also examined whether there is a difference in bias between sources such as newspapers and television stations. For example, one study conducted by the Columbia University School of Journalism found evidence of both liberal and conservative biases among newspaper articles, but only conservative biases among television news programs.
Other factors may cause media bias beyond those listed here.
This is because every news agency has limitations on which stories and how they may be covered by their reporters. This essay will discuss the five elements that influence news judgments in almost every newsroom across the world: time, speed, space, profit, and prejudice.
Time means the period or division of time; it is also the fourth factor in the formula for news. All news is about events that have recently taken place or are about to take place. So, if you want to cover current affairs you need to look at what is happening now. The more important the event the sooner it will likely be reported on by newspapers so they can get the story out quickly and be first with it.
Speed means how much information we need to report on a topic in order to be first. Some events happen so quickly that we cannot keep up with them, such as sports news or political scandals. We must choose what topics we will report on carefully so that we do not miss anything important.
Space means how much detail we can include when writing about an event. It is usually limited to 500 words for features and 1,500 words for columns. If we go over this length we risk leaving out important details that readers want to know about. We need to make sure that our articles are clear and concise.
Profit means the business objective of a newspaper.
Because reporters can gather background information on a matter and then write a newspaper piece or a news report expressing a biased perspective on the story or making up information that they are not sure is accurate, the media can both alter and report events. For example, an editor at a newspaper may decide to print an article written by an investigative reporter. The editor may have concerns about an element of the story but feel printing the article will be more likely to bring attention to the issue than if he/she refused to publish it.
The media's ability to influence public opinion through its coverage of current affairs is one reason why some people believe that newspapers play an important role in democracy. Newspapers can report on issues of concern to their readers, such as government policies or corporate practices that may affect their lives. They can also report on major events, such as wars or natural disasters. By doing so, newspapers can make their readers aware of these matters and encourage them to take part in democratic processes (such as voting) regarding them.
However, the media can also distort facts and opinions when covering stories. For example, a journalist may include details from interviews with people who support one position on an issue but omit similar details from interviews with those who don't. This method of reporting can lead readers to form inaccurate perceptions about what is happening in the world around them.
The news media provides people with unbiased information, allowing them to stay educated and hold those in authority accountable for their actions.
Unbiased information allows people to make decisions based on fact rather than opinion. It also ensures that different perspectives are heard, which helps create a more informed society.
People need an independent source of information if they are to be able to make informed decisions about what matters most to them. Without this source of information, people become vulnerable to propaganda from politicians who have power over their daily lives or sensationalist stories in the tabloid press. The news media provides people with a way to obtain unbiased information about issues important to them.
Every day, journalists work with editors to determine what content should be produced by their organizations. They then use their knowledge and expertise to report on current affairs including politics, business, sports, entertainment, and science. After publishing their articles, journalists seek out interviews with other experts or witnesses to further explain their views or findings. Finally, they submit their work to publication houses which print or publish it.
News media consists of newspapers, magazines, online news sites, and others. Newspapers are published on a regular basis and contain mainly text with some illustrations.
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Technology is only going to get better.
Years ago when I used Google Translate the translations were better than nothing. But, every year it gets better and better. I have successfully traveled and presented internationally in multiple languages many times. A feat that would be challenging without Google Translate.
I do not teach language classes, I teach math. I have heard more than one math teacher curse Photomath. Not familiar with Photomath? IT will allow students to hold their phone over the math problem and it not only gives them the answer, it shows all the steps. English teachers before technology was so prolific had to fight students purchasing sparknotes.
Do Not Fight Tools
Fighting these tools is pointless, the technology is not going to go away. It is only going to get better. Having access to a Google Search, Photomath, Google Translate ensures that our students will NOT be crippled in the future when they need to know basic information. I of course went to school with “old school” teaching (I’m 45, graduated high school in 1995.) I had to memorize a lot of facts to write the correct answer on a line on Tuesday only to forget it a week later. Things I use in context in my life I remember without any problem or needing to use a tool. However, things I superficially learned for a test I am able to easily access.
Using Google Translate or Photomath
To think our students will not use these tools for their homework is naive at best. Instead, I ask students to use them. Stop hiding your phone under your desk, don’t think I do not know what you are doing. Instead, we ask students to critically analyze the results. “What is another way of phrasing this?” “What are other words we might use to get this idea across?” “Besides using order of operations, what is another way to simplify this expression?” “What would change if the coefficient was negative instead of positive?”
One thing I want my students to feel comfortable with is seeing equivalent expressions. That there is more than one way to answer a math question and more than one way to respond to a question (maybe in another language.) For math I use Graspable Math to allow students to explore 5 ways to solve or simply the same equation/expression. The existence of Graspable Math should not make me feel there is another way for students to cheat, but instead embrace that students will have access to these tools in the future and help them to understand how it is useful and how it is not. To change the question to take advantage rather than to simply say students can not use these technology advancements.
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Is miso soup vegetarian?
Miso soup is a traditional Japanese dish that has gained popularity worldwide for its unique flavor and health benefits. However, there is often confusion surrounding its vegetarian status. Miso soup is typically made from a combination of miso paste, dashi stock, and various ingredients such as tofu, seaweed, and vegetables. While miso paste itself is vegetarian-friendly, the inclusion of dashi stock can make the soup non-vegetarian. Let’s delve deeper into the ingredients of miso soup to understand its vegetarian status.
Miso paste: The vegetarian base
Miso paste is the key ingredient in miso soup, giving it its distinct umami flavor. It is made by fermenting soybeans with salt and a koji culture, which is a type of fungus. The fermentation process can take anywhere from a few weeks to several years, resulting in different types of miso paste with varying flavors and colors.
Miso paste is generally considered vegetarian as it is made solely from plant-based ingredients. However, it is essential to check the label or inquire about the specific brand of miso paste used, as some varieties may contain additives or flavorings that are derived from animal sources.
Dashi stock: The potential non-vegetarian element
Dashi stock is a fundamental component of Japanese cuisine and serves as the base for many dishes, including miso soup. It is typically made by simmering ingredients such as kombu (dried kelp) and katsuobushi (dried bonito flakes) in water.
Kombu, a type of seaweed, is vegetarian-friendly and adds a rich umami flavor to the stock. However, katsuobushi, which is made from dried and fermented skipjack tuna, is not suitable for vegetarians.
While traditional dashi stock contains katsuobushi, there are vegetarian alternatives available. These include kombu dashi, which is made solely from kombu, and shiitake dashi, which uses dried shiitake mushrooms. These vegetarian dashi options can be used to make miso soup without compromising its flavor.
Vegetarian variations of miso soup
For those following a vegetarian diet, there are several ways to enjoy miso soup without the inclusion of animal products. Here are some vegetarian-friendly ingredients that can be added to miso soup:
- Tofu: Silken tofu or firm tofu can be added to miso soup to provide a protein-rich element.
- Seaweed: Wakame, a type of seaweed, is commonly used in miso soup and adds a pleasant texture.
- Mushrooms: Various types of mushrooms, such as shiitake or enoki, can enhance the flavor and nutritional profile of miso soup.
- Vegetables: Ingredients like green onions, carrots, daikon radish, and spinach can be added to miso soup for added color and nutrients.
By incorporating these vegetarian ingredients, miso soup can be customized to suit individual preferences and dietary restrictions.
Miso soup can be vegetarian or non-vegetarian depending on the ingredients used. While miso paste itself is typically vegetarian, the inclusion of dashi stock can make the soup non-vegetarian. However, vegetarian alternatives to dashi stock, such as kombu dashi and shiitake dashi, allow vegetarians to enjoy the flavors and benefits of miso soup. By adding vegetarian-friendly ingredients like tofu, seaweed, mushrooms, and vegetables, miso soup can be adapted to suit various dietary preferences while still providing a delicious and nutritious meal.
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The Washington State Soil Health Committee believes in advocating for soil health and conservation in Washington State. The way we do this by educating landowners and citizens about current best practices in preventing soil erosion and enhancing soil health on arable lands. The committee also works with landowners, funding entities, and state, local, and federal government agencies to promote sustainable soil conservation practices that will enhance soil health in Washington State. To that end, the committee will solicit grant proposals for soil health projects, fund them, and share the results across the state.
As a committee, we look to partner with organizations like the NRCS on ways to improve soil health in Washington State. Here is a flyer from the NRCS on “Unlock the Basics of Soil Health – NRCS”
From the NRCS flyer:
Unlock the Basics.
Healthy, fully functioning soil provides an environment that sustains and nourishes plants, soil microbes and beneficial insects. Managing for soil health is one of the easiest and most effective ways for farmers to increase crop productivity and profitability while improving the environment. Positive results are often realized immediately and last well into the future.
Soil Health Management.
Implementing soil health management systems can lead to increased organic matter and soil organisms, reduced soil compaction, and improved nutrient storage and cycling. As an added bonus, fully functioning, healthy soils absorb and retain more water, making them less susceptible to runoff and erosion. This means more water will be available for crops when they need it. Soil Health Management Systems allow farmers to enjoy profits because they spend less on fuel and energy and they produce higher crop yields from improved soil conditions.
Do not Disturb.
The soil’s natural biological cycles and structure can be disrupted through tillage, improper chemical disturbance, or excessive livestock grazing. By managing, reducing, or eliminating these activities, farmers will benefit from better plant growth, reduced soil erosion, increased profit margins, and better wildlife habitat.
Dig a Little, Learn a Lot.
Soil is a living system. It should look, smell, and feel alive. Dig in to discover what your soil can tell you about its health and production potential. Healthy soil looks dark, crumbly, and porous and is home to worms and other organisms that squirm, creep, hop, or crawl. Healthy soil smells sweet and earthy. It feels soft, moist, and friable and allows plant roots to grow unimpeded.
Discover the Cover.
Biodiversity-growing more plants in rotation-increases the success of most agricultural systems. Diversity above ground improves diversity below ground. Using cover crops and increasing crop rotation diversity help restore soil health, protect against erosion and groundwater leaching, and provide livestock feed and wildlife habitat.
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Valacyclovir is a suppressive therapy in the treatment of herpes zoster infections (shingles) o...
The herpes simplex-2 virus (HSV-2) and the herpes simplex-1 virus are the two viruses that are responsible for causing genital herpes. Genital herpes (STD) is a sexually transmitted disease (HSV-1). Both viruses are capable of causing infections in the oral or vaginal cavities. HSV is transmitted through oral, vaginal, and anal sex, as well as through kissing and other forms of skin-to-skin contact.
Both men and women are susceptible to the viruss effects. Herpes genitalis can cause discomfort, itching, and sores in the genital region however, some people do not experience any of these symptoms. Even if they dont exhibit any outward symptoms of the illness, a person infected with the virus might still spread it to others.
There is currently no treatment for sexually transmitted infections like genital herpes. After the first infection, the virus will lie dormant within the body for some time before reactivating again. However, it can become active again multiple times per year, which can result in excruciating outbreaks.
Fortunately, there are medications available to treat the symptoms of genital herpes. These medications can help heal the sores, prevent future outbreaks, and reduce the viruss likelihood of being passed on to others.
There are two types of herpes simplex viral infections:
It is unnecessary to share bodily fluids to become infected with the herpes simplex virus. Because the virus quickly dissipates when it leaves the body, the risk of catching it from an infected persons toilet seat, towel, or another object is shallow.
Antiviral drugs can assist patients in delaying the onset of viral illnesses. Reports show Antivirals lessen the severity of symptoms and hasten the healing of wounds. The following are the primary pharmaceutical treatments for herpes simplex virus infections:
These medications are intended to be taken orally for seven to ten days. If the wounds have not healed after ten days, your physician may decide to extend the treatment. If the infection is severe, acyclovir medication is administered intravenously as treatment.
There are two ways to manage the infection long term:
Most people with the herpes simplex virus never know that they are infected because they do not show any symptoms or are so mild they dont even notice them. When symptoms do appear, they can include:
After infection, it may take a few days or weeks before symptoms appear for the first time. Sometimes the sick person wont show any signs for years after infection. After the initial infection, symptomatic individuals will experience at least one further disease episode. Stress, either physical or emotional, can trigger an outbreak.
During an outbreak, you should abstain from having oral, vaginal, and oral-anal sex. You can have sexual activity between flare-ups nevertheless, you should discuss the potential dangers with your partner. Even when you are not having a breakout, it is still possible for them to become infected. Protecting your and your partners health by always using a condom is essential.
Several factors can potentially trigger outbreaks, but the triggers are different for everyone. Some common triggers include:
Oral medicines, such as Valtrex and Valacyclovir, can be used to treat outbreaks of genital herpes. The most effective treatment for severe infections is intravenous acyclovir, administered by a medical professional. There is also a medicine known as acyclovir ad applied to the skin as a cream however, in most cases, this form of treatment is not as effective as oral medications.
People suffering from genital herpes should stay out of extreme heat or direct sunshine because these things might worsen the symptoms. Wearing clothing that is light and cold can help ease discomfort and soreness. Additionally, please stay away from scented soaps, feminine deodorants, and douches because they have the potential to irritate the sores. You can alleviate the discomfort caused by symptoms by taking a pain killer available over the counter if they occur during an epidemic.
People with frequent outbreaks should see a doctor at least once a year because your doctor can help them make treatment choices that suit their unique situation.
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Rick and Morty, the animated science-fiction sitcom featuring the adventures of genius scientist Rick Sanchez and his hapless grandson Morty Smith has returned for a fourth season. Part of Rick and Morty’s appeal is its exaggerated use of obscure scientific concepts and futuristic technology that always seem to have a tinge of truth. But how realistic are the show’s scientific ideas really, and how accurately are they portrayed? Author Matt Brady foresaw the need to understand the facts behind the programme, and with the help of his book The Science of Rick and Morty: An unofficial guide, we can examine some of the show’s key scientific themes.
The world that Rick and Morty inhabit exists as part of the multiverse – a collection of different universes – offering infinite possibilities for the duo’s adventures. It is still impossible to test or observe potential multiverses, but some physicists aren’t ruling it out. Based on predictions of accepted theories – namely cosmic inflation (the stretching of the universe) and quantum field theory – there are two main ways to view how the multiverse might work: it could be like an infinite “patchwork quilt” of universes, or they could be in “bubbles” separated by empty space due to eternal inflation. Either way, because the universe keeps expanding, we probably won’t ever be able to travel to any of these universes to find out.
Read more: How to think about the multiverse
Perhaps Rick’s most treasured tool, his portal gun allows him to open wormholes to almost every conceivable location in the multiverse. This would require three things in reality, writes Brady: an energy source, a means to find the right destination and, most importantly, a way to traverse wormholes. Being the universe’s most intelligent being, it makes sense that Rick has found a way to create this technology. Science aside, wormholes could be feasible, but would require approximately 109 billion electron volts of energy.
The recent release of a “Pickle Rick” flavour of Pringles is a nod to one of the show’s cult episodes, where Rick turns himself into a pickle to get out of family therapy – only to find himself trapped in his new form. His solution: to hijack the nervous systems of cockroaches to move around, using his tongue on a roach’s brain to control its legs. There is, in fact, a spot in a cockroach’s cluster of nerve cells (they don’t technically have brains) that can be poked to move its legs. And they have been studied as models for autonomous robots for years – so using them as a vessel to do one’s bidding might not be so inconceivable after all, for Rick at least.
Although extraterrestrial alien life to us is an exciting but still hypothetical concept, Rick and Morty isn’t short on characters from different planets, including the likes of Plutonians, the Gear People (biomechanical aliens made mostly of gears) and the Meeseeks (strange beings created to serve a sole purpose who disappear as soon as they achieve their goal). Like all life forms on Earth, they seem to be carbon-based, writes Brady, which is probably the case with any extraterrestrial life in reality too, because carbon is so abundant and can make numerous bonds and structures.
In episode four of season two, the Smith household becomes infiltrated by alien parasites that plant fake memories and take on the form of fictional family members and friends, including a talking pencil and giraffe. While real-life parasites sadly can’t morph into crazy creatures, they really can tamper with host’s brains – and the results are creepily effective. The fungus Ophiocordyceps unilateralis infects carpenter ants, making them climb and attach to the underside of leaves to die. The fungus then bursts from the dead ant’s head where it can disperse its spores to the ground below. There are also parasites that affect human behaviour, like Toxoplasma gondii found in cat faeces that has been linked to schizophrenia-like symptoms in people.
The Science of Rick and Morty: An unofficial guide is available now on Amazon
More on these topics:
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A heart transplant involves replacing a diseased heart with a donor’s healthy heart.
Why are Heart Transplants Performed?
A heart transplant is considered when heart failure is so severe that it does not respond to any other therapy.
What is Heart Failure?
Heart Failure is a condition when the pumping action of the heart is unable to supply the needs of the body. It can be sudden in onset (acute heart failure) or develop more slowly without the person knowing that anything is wrong (chronic heart failure). Causes for heart failure could include viral infections of the heart [myocarditis], post heart attack, narrowed valves or cardiomyopathies.
How is heart failure diagnosed?
There are 2 very simple tests done – an echocardiogram and a blood test called NT-pro BNP (a hormone that rises in the blood as a response to a failing heart). The echocardiogram will measure the Ejection Fraction or EF which is a measure of how well the heart is contracting.
Can one do anything to prevent heart failure?
The answer is an emphatic YES. NO smoking, avoidance of heavy drinking, control of sugars and BP, exercise and a healthy diet, not only prevents heart failure but can help you lead a normal life even after it has been diagnosed.
Why is heart failure a serious diagnosis?
Once the heart starts malfunctioning, in time other organs deprived of a good circulation will start getting damaged as well. The lungs, kidneys, brain and liver are particularly vulnerable . Advanced heart failure has a 70-80% chance of death if untreated. This is worse than most cancers.
Is heart failure invariably fatal?
Most patients will require nothing more than medications, life style changes and close monitoring to ensure they are stable. There are many new innovations in the treatment of heart failure, from new drugs to pacemakers and new surgical therapies. When determining your treatment options, it is important to be evaluated by a doctor who specializes in heart failure.
In patients with severe heart failure that is unresponsive to therapy, treatment options fall into 2 categories – support with an artificial heart or replace with another heart (heart transplant).
What is the procedure for a heart transplant?
There is a waiting list maintained for recipients awaiting Solid Organ Transplantation and when there is a suitable patient, he is added on to the waiting list and offered the organ strictly on waitlist priority basis.
How is a heart transplant performed?
Once a donor heart becomes available, a surgeon surgically removes the heart from the donor’s body. The heart is cooled and stored in a special solution. The transplant surgery is performed at the earliest, after the donor heart becomes available.
During the surgery, the patient is placed on a heart-lung machine. This machine allows the body to receive vital oxygen and nutrients from the blood even though the heart is being operated on.
Surgeons then remove the patient’s heart except for the back walls of the atria, the heart’s upper chambers. The back of the new heart is opened at the left upper chamber, which is connected to the corresponding remnant of the recipient. The 2 large veins of the right side – the venae cavae are connected independently.
Surgeons then connect the blood vessels, allowing blood to flow through the heart and lungs. As the heart warms up, it begins beating. Surgeons check all the connected blood vessels and heart chambers for leaks before removing the patient from the heart-lung machine.
It is a complex procedure that lasts from 4 to 10 hours.
What are the risks associated with Heart Transplants?
The most common causes of death following a transplant are infection and rejection.
With the exception of having to take lifelong medication to keep the body from rejecting the new heart, many heart transplant recipients lead a long and productive life.
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Self-Care for Providers
Professionals who work with trauma survivors in an open, engaged and empathic way and who feel responsible or committed to helping them are likely to experience indirect trauma. That means that they will be transformed by the work. The way helpers understand and experience the world and themselves is changed as they enter into the world of the survivor. While trauma work can be very meaningful and rewarding, it can also be very difficult and painful. The changes helpers experience in their identities, world views, and spirituality affect both the helpers' professional relationships with clients and colleagues and their personal relationships.
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Get helpful tips for professionals working with trauma survivors in English, French, or Spanish.
Indirect trauma, also known as vicarious trauma (VT), compassion fatigue (CF), or empathic strain, is an inevitable byproduct of working with trauma survivors. It isn't the "fault" of survivors, any more than occupational stress in air traffic controllers is the fault of pilots or airline passengers. Indirect trauma is the cumulative response to working with many trauma survivors over time.
The signs and symptoms of indirect trauma resemble those of direct trauma. Treaters may experience intrusive imagery and thoughts, physiological arousal, avoidance, or anxiety. Treaters may also experience disruptions in their personal or professional relationships, in managing boundaries, and in regulating their emotions.
They may withdraw from others, become hopeless, have nightmares or difficulties sleeping, overeat, overuse alcohol, and so forth. Work with clients who have had specific traumatic experiences may affect the treater in specific ways. For example, those who work with sexual abuse survivors may have sexual difficulties, or those working with people after transportation accidents may find themselves increasingly anxious about travel.
Who is Affected?
Anyone who encounters trauma survivors empathically and is committed to helping them may be affected by indirect or vicarious trauma. Examples of professionals who may be affected are psychotherapists, shelter staff, lawyers, health-care professionals, clergy, journalists, trauma researchers, and first responders—whether paid or volunteer.
How Does Indirect Trauma Come About?
Many who work with trauma survivors find it enriching and rewarding. However, they open up their hearts and minds to the experience of trauma survivors, confronting the worst of humanity--torture, violence, aggression, and sadism. Treaters see the disruptions in relationships, the harm to survivors' way of understanding the world, the damaged spirituality, and the shame, horror, grief, terror, agony, and rage that follow violence and victimization. As those who work with trauma survivors open themselves to these processes, their ways of understanding and experiencing themselves, their world, and their own spirituality are transformed.
What Contributes to Indirect Trauma?
Indirect trauma, like direct trauma, arises from an interaction between the person (or treater) and the situation. Indirect trauma will look and feel different for each person. Some of the characteristics of the treater that may contribute to indirect trauma are personal history, usual ways of coping with challenge and distress, and current life circumstances (e.g., other stressors). In addition, the treaters' ways of working with survivors may contribute to indirect trauma. For example, managing boundaries effectively can help protect the treater from indirect trauma.
Aspects of the situation that can contribute to indirect trauma include the confidential nature of trauma work, the difficulty forming therapeutic relationships with people whose ability to trust has been diminished by betrayal or abuse, systems problems in organizations and institutions, and negative social attitudes toward trauma victims.
What is the Cost of Indirect Trauma?
Indirect trauma can have negative effects on the individual, as well as on his or her family, friends, and clients. Trauma treaters who don't attend to their indirect trauma are at risk for becoming ineffective in their work, violating boundaries in helping relationships, withdrawing from friends, family, and colleagues, and making bad judgments. They may experience burnout and become a burden to colleagues or leave the field prematurely, disheartened and cynical.
What can Trauma Workers do Do About Indirect Trauma?
The first step in any change process is to acknowledge and name the problem. We take another step forward when we normalize our responses to our work. We can address indirect trauma by attending to basic self-care: balancing work, play, and rest. Adequate diet and exercise are essential. In addition, treaters benefit from appropriate professional training for their work, connection with their colleagues, ongoing consultation for their work, and a place to talk about their experience of indirect trauma. Some trauma treaters find it helpful to balance their trauma work with other work, get more support for the work, and simply to acknowledge the difficulties of the work. Trauma professionals can benefit from identifying specific difficulties, assessing the contributing factors, targeting specific steps to take, and getting support from friends or colleagues in taking those steps. Finally, restoring meaning and hope is essential. Each individual must find ways to reconnect with whatever in life is meaningful and gives purpose for that person. Hope and meaning are two of the primary gifts that are undercut by indirect trauma. Restoring these to work and life is the ultimate goal of addressing these difficulties.
An experienced trauma therapist may be able to provide a referral for consultation about indirect trauma.
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Immobilization of Enzymes in Mesoporous Silica for the Conversion of CO2 to Methanol
Enzymes are powerful biomolecules able to catalyse chemical reactions under mild conditions and with high selectivity. However, their use in industrial processes is many times hindered due to their high costs and low stability. To overcome these problems the enzymes can be immobilized in an inert support material. The enzyme immobilization is also an interesting approach to increase enzyme activity, especially in the case of cascade reactions where more than one enzyme is involved.
One extremely relevant cascade reaction is the conversion of CO2 to methanol that can be performed by three enzymes: formate dehydrogenase (FateDH) that converts CO2 to formate; formaldehyde dehydrogenase (FaldDH) for the reduction of formate to formaldehyde; and alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) that reduces formaldehyde to methanol. This reaction can help to mitigate the environmental impact caused by the high emissions of CO2. However, the catalytic activity of the cascade reaction needs to be improved. In this work we investigate if an improvement can be achieved by the immobilization of the enzymes in a type of mesoporous silica particles (MPS), called siliceous mesostructured cellular foams (MCF), which physical and chemical properties can be specifically designed for the immobilization.
MCFs with different pores sizes containing the functional groups octyl (OC), mercaptopropyl (MP), chloromethyl (CM) or aminopropyl (AP) were synthesized. They were initially used to study the immobilization and reaction of each enzyme separately. However, the reaction performed by FateDH is thermodynamically unfavourable, thus it was necessary to add FaldDH in the system to drive the reaction towards the reduction pathway. The co-immobilization of these two enzymes in MCF-MP resulted in a specific activity of about 4 times higher than for the free enzymes in solution. Förster resonance energy transfer measurements suggested that the enzymes were in closer proximity inside this material which potentially contributed to the higher activity. For FaldDH, specifically, MCF with large pores were required for the enzyme to remain active upon immobilization and its activity was enhanced using MCF-MP. The catalytic activity of the last enzyme, ADH, was higher upon immobilization in MCF-OC. ADH showed to be sensitive to pressure, and high concentrations of formaldehyde were required to achieve high enzymatic activity. Combining the knowledge from those studies we co-immobilized the three enzymes in MCF-MP and obtained methanol yields about 4.5 times higher than with the free enzymes in solution.
One complementary study in this thesis was the comparison of two mesoporous silica materials, MCF and SBA-15, for the immobilization of ADH. From nitrogen sorption analysis we could observe that in MCF a larger fraction of the enzymes become immobilized inside the pores than on the outer surface in comparison to SBA-15, confirming that MCF is a good support material for this type of enzyme.
The findings of this work contribute to a better understanding of enzyme immobilization in MPS and the improvement of the rate of the reactions involved in the conversion of CO2 to methanol.
nitrogen sorption analysis
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chemokine changes were abolished when TNF-α receptor was neutralized by Etanercept. To dissect the role of PMN in this context, we pretreated rats with Repertaxin (Rep), a small molecule inhibitor of CXCR1 and CXCR2, to block recruitment and activation of PMN by CXCL1 or CXCL2 after cell transplantation. In Rep-treated rats, transplanted cell numbers increased at most by 2-fold, which was less than after Thal, p<0.001. Finally, ALK inhibitor we tested cell priming before transplantation with Thal plus or minus bosentan to block endothelin-1 A/B receptors. Liver repopulation increased in retrorsine/PH-conditioned rats after bosentan-primed but not after Thal-primed cells, p<0.05. Conclusions: Transplanted cell engraftment and liver repopulation benefited from Thal pre-treatment independently of PMN or KC-mediated inflammation. The synergism with ET1 receptor blockade and Thal indicates this combined drug approach will advance cell therapy applications. Disclosures: The following people have nothing to disclose: Preeti Viswanathan, Sorabh Kapoor, Brigid Joseph, Ekaterine Berishvili, Sanjeev Gupta Introduction: The inflammasome plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of NASH and alcoholic hepatitis, and HIF1 α is
required for sustained inflammasome activity. Digoxin was identified with potent HIF1 α antagonist but its role in liver disease is unexamined. Aim: R788 solubility dmso To assess whether a low dose of digoxin has therapeutic effects in NASH and alcoholic hepatitis in mice, and investigate the molecular mechanisms. Methods: C57BL/6J male mice were placed on a 45% high fat diet (HFD) for 11weeks with and without digoxin (ip 1mg/kg twice a week). Digoxin 1mg/kg ip daily in mice results in the therapeutic serum levels achieved in humans (0.5-2 ng/ml). Plasma ALT, liver histology, neutrophil staining, leukocytes profiling, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and gene transcriptome microarrays were
analyzed. The ability of digoxin to inhibit inflammasome in mouse and human macro-phages was tested. The chronic plus binge model of alcoholic hepatitis and LPS/D-GalN hepatitis models were also performed. Results: In all three models digoxin resulted in reduced histological injury, neutrophilic infiltrate and lower serum ALT’s (417 +/− 398 U/L in HFD vs 91 +/− 73 MCE U/L in HFD+DIG, P< 0.001). Starting digoxin after 4 weeks HFD still showed significant reduction in liver inflammation (neutrophil 24.6% in HFD vs 14.3% in HFD+DIG; monocytes 31.6% in HFD vs 19.1% in HFD+DIG) without a reduction in food intake. In LPS/D-GalN hepatitis a dose titration of twice, a quarter and a twentieth of the human equivalent dose resulted in improvement of liver hemorrhage and necrosis, reduction in liver HIF-1 α and Pro-IL-1 β transcripts as well as the proteins of IL-1 β, HIF-1 α, pro-IL-1 β and cleaved (P10) caspase-1.
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The Slow Moving Hoffmann’s Two-toed Sloth
If you plan to spend time walking Nicaragua’s National Parks, you might come across a Hoffmann’s Two-toed Sloth (Choloepus hoffmanni). You have to be attentive if you hope to see one because these slow moving creatures are not so easily spotted due to their lack of movement and cleaver coloring.
The Hoffmann’s Two-toed Sloth in Nicaragua is unlikely to be easily confused with other sloth species. They measure roughly two feet in length and have a small, round head with a short snout and their ears are not visible beneath their hair. Their coats may vary in color from a creamy-dun to a mousy brown. If their bodies are light in color their legs and head will usually remain dark brown while their eyes, nose and the top of their heads may even be somewhat black. However coloring ranges from one place to the next ,so it is difficult to definitively remark on the coat of the Hoffmann’s Two-toed Sloth. Their shaggy hair is always long, however, and it seems to be particularly so around the top of the limbs. This will usually hang down as the sloth makes its way slowly about the trees and gives an almost ‘moss-like’ appearance, which, when combined with any actual moss that may start to grow on them, makes them well camouflaged. Their hair also grows from their belly to their backs and this assists in the drainage of rain water off their bodies. The creature has huge, 3-inch claws and moves with slow, deliberate movements whilst hanging upside down.
The Hoffmann’s Two-toed Sloth is a solitary animal which is nocturnal and lives in tree tops. In fact, their slow moving way of life is actually necessitated by their low-energy diet of leaves – as it the case for all sloths. The Hoffmann’s Two-toed Sloth is certainly not unique to Nicaragua. It is found throughout both Central and South America and shows a preference for secondary rainforests and deciduous forests where tree canopies are usually thick and provide plenty of coverage and food. These sloths tend to spend most of their time in trees and will even sleep, mate and give birth in trees. However, they may choose to travel over the ground in order to get to a new tree or to defecate – which they do about once every five days – and are also known to be excellent swimmers. It is not commonly known that sloths have poor eyesight and hearing and so they rely mostly on their sense of touch and smell in order to find food. Though they have many natural predators, few of these are able to get to them in their treetop homes. If they are attacked they will use their massive claws and sharp teeth in defense.
The Hoffmann’s Two-toed Sloth is named for German naturalist Karl Hoffmann. While the habitats of these creatures seems to be decreasing, the animals do not seem to be in a danger as of yet. So keep an eye out for these slow moving creatures the next time you visit Nicaragua. A sloth is not something many people get to see.
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Summary and Analysis
“All but Blind,” by the English poet Walter de la Mare (1873-1956), is a relatively simple poem and reflects the fact that de la Mare often wrote verse for children. The work is uncomplicated in phrasing, structure, and rhyme scheme, although the meter of the work is often both precise and subtle.
In line 1, for instance, the heaviest stress falls on “blind,” the key word of the entire poem. The very brevity of that line gives the word even heavier emphasis. Note how the speaker first describes blindness before revealing what, precisely, is blind. We do not learn for certain until the very last word of the first stanza that the blind creature is a “Mole” (4). The speaker thus creates a kind of curiosity and suspense as we have to wait to discover exactly which creature he has in mind. The stanza would be much less effective if that information were given first (as in “The four-clawed Mole, / In his chambered hole, / All but blind / Hunts his daily dole”).
As presently structured, the stanza emphasizes blindness at the start and the “Mole” at the very end. Notice, too, how the speaker manages to give special metrical emphasis to the verb “Gropes” (3). The verb is strongly accented, and it is placed first in the line to give it extra attention. The word “grope” derives from an Old English word meaning “to grasp,” and “Gropes” definitely suggests effort and work. The mole may seem insignificant (and in fact is usually invisible to human beings), but the tiny creature goes about its business with admirable determination. And, because the mole mainly is invisible to humans as it works quietly beneath the ground, it is we, in a sense, who are blind to it.
Stanza two is structured similarly to stanza one, especially in its first two lines. However, for the sake of variation and to avoid predictability, the speaker now presents the supposedly blind creature in the stanza’s third line, rather than in its fourth. As it happens, the “Bat” mentioned here (7) in some ways resembles the “Mole” mentioned earlier (4): both are very small, very inconspicuous creatures that resemble mice. Yet distinctions are also implied: one creature, of course, is mostly invisible below ground, while the other is mostly invisible in the sky at night. The mole “Gropes” slowly for its food (3), while the Bat moves swiftly through the air: it “Twirls softly by” (8), in a phrase in which the verb receives strong metrical emphasis. The poem has thus moved from beneath the ground to the air above, just as it moves from groping slowness to ease and grace of flight.
Stanza three repeats the expected opening line but also, like stanza two, works subtle variations on earlier patterns. Thus, whereas the environments of the mole and bat seemed not unpleasant, and while each of those creatures seemed to operate with an instinctive efficiency, stanza three reports (with heavy alliteration) that
In the burning day
The Barn-Owl blunders
On her way. (10-12)
(The entire section is 774 words.)
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Since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, machines have increased human productivity. In the early 19th century, many feared that textile machinery and steam power would kill jobs.
But the shift to factory work reduced the cost of goods, raised real wages, and increased the demand for workers.
Two centuries later, artificial intelligence appears ready to usher in an “AI Revolution.” Machine intelligence and vast stores of data are taking on more and more intellectual tasks that once only people could do. Artificial intelligence can recommend purchases, identify significant business trends, and even chat with customers. And people ask: will this new revolution kill jobs, reduce incomes, or put people in less fulfilling work? In a word, no.
AI Doesnt Happen Without People
Though AI can handle more impressive tasks than before, it still can’t do general purpose thinking. A machine system may be able to review what movies you like and compare them with others, but it can’t tell you which movie features the most moving performances. Even so, the potential for growing your business with AI is real. Because machines cannot understand language or culture, talking to customers isn’t ideal for them.
AI in Action
Instead, use artificial intelligence to help you find and serve your customers faster. For example:
- For basic bookkeeping, an AI tool like Smacc can help small businesses spend less time on administration.
- Calendar scheduling tools, such as X.ai, may help you make more sales calls.
- Chatbots, like Slack for internal communications and customer interactions, can route customers to the right human helpers faster.
- AI sentiment analyzers help you spend time with the most urgent needs first. Tools like Meshfire for analyzing your social media followers can help you generate new business leads.
Applying AI in your businesses can help eliminate the time sinks that keep you from doing more business. Help with your calendar, email, bookkeeping, banking, and more are all becoming available.
Some studies of the Industrial Revolution pegged the improvement in real wages as about a doubling of household income in the early years, mostly through decreased costs of goods and services because of higher productivity. The Industrial Revolution was the first real inflection point in human productivity in centuries. Artificial Intelligence could be the next big inflection point. Imagine doubling your success in the next few years. The businesses that embrace AI now will be the big winners, so start today.
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Yohimbine: The main component of an African tree bark, yohimbine is probably one of the most problematic of all natural remedies for ED. Some research suggests that yohimbine can improve a type of sexual dysfunction that is linked with a drug used to treat depression. However, studies have linked yohimbine to a number of side effects, which can include anxiety, increased blood pressure, and a fast, irregular heartbeat. Like all natural remedies, yohimbine should only be used after advice and under supervision from a doctor.
The prostaglandin E1 is contained in a small suppository located at the tip of an applicator. You should urinate first as this lubricates the urethra and makes it easier to insert the applicator into the tip of the urethra (urethral meatus, the opening at the tip of the penis that urine passes through). A patient can release the suppository into urethra by gently wiggling the applicator and pressing the button at the end. Rubbing the penis allows the suppository to dissolve, and the prostaglandin is absorbed through the tissue of the urethra into the penis. It takes 15 to 30 minutes for this occur. Once into the penis, the prostaglandin causes increased blood flow into the penis. The prostaglandin can be present in the ejaculate, and thus doctors recommend that men use a condom when having intercourse with a pregnant partner. Men may need to use a condom if vaginal irritation occurs in female partner.
Organic Impotence. Diabetes mellitus, thyroid disease, and dysfunction of the pituitary gland or testes can cause impotence, as can certain medications. Other organic causes include arterial ischemia associated with atherosclerosis of the aorta and common iliac arteries, extensive pelvic surgery such as radical prostatectomy, spinal cord injury and other neurologic disorders, and a history of cigarette smoking. Because certain medications can cause impotence, it is recommended that in cases of recent impotence it be determined whether the patient has started on a new drug. The most common offenders are diuretics, antihypertensives, and vasodilators. Alcohol, which sometimes is ignored as a drug, is often a contributor to the problem of impotence.
Melissa Conrad Stöppler, MD, is a U.S. board-certified Anatomic Pathologist with subspecialty training in the fields of Experimental and Molecular Pathology. Dr. Stöppler's educational background includes a BA with Highest Distinction from the University of Virginia and an MD from the University of North Carolina. She completed residency training in Anatomic Pathology at Georgetown University followed by subspecialty fellowship training in molecular diagnostics and experimental pathology.
The idea of using low-energy shock waves to treat erectile dysfunction comes from studies that show that these types of shocks help heart blood vessels regrow, a process called revascularization. Shock wave therapy may also work on the penis, and there have been some promising results, but it’s not currently an approved ED treatment. "It’s similar to the type of shock waves used to break up kidney stones, and it may cause revascularization,” says Bennett. “However, there are not yet any good controlled studies to recommend it to patients."
Also called vacuum devices, penile pumps are devices that are placed over the penis to draw blood into the shaft. Once the vacuum creates an erection, the retaining band is slid down to the lower end of the penis and the pump is removed. An erection typically will last long enough for intercourse but your penis may be cold to the touch and the rubber band may restrict ejaculation.22
Physicians make a diagnosis of erectile dysfunction in men who complain of troubles having a hard enough erection or a hard erection that does not last long enough. It is important as you talk with your doctor that you be candid in terms of when your troubles started, how bothersome your erectile dysfunction is, how severe it is, and discuss all your medical conditions along with all prescribed and nonprescribed medications that you are taking. Your doctor will ask several questions to determine if your symptoms are suggestive of erectile dysfunction and to assess its severity and possible causes. Your doctor will try to get information to answer the following questions:
In a randomized double-blind, parallel, placebo-controlled trial, sildenafil plus testosterone was not superior to sildenafil plus placebo in improving erectile function in men with ED and low testosterone levels. The objective of the study was to determine whether the addition of testosterone to sildenafil therapy improves erectile response in men with ED and low testosterone levels.
As is true in so many medical conditions, lifestyle modifications, considered first-line therapy, can have a salutary effect in ED management, and men should be encouraged to make the necessary changes to the benefit of their sexual function and to their overall health as well. Despite the benefits of behaviour modification, men presenting with ED want the physician to help with measures that can have an immediate impact.
When stimulated by the nerves, the spongy tissue arranges itself in such a way that more blood can be stored in the penis. The veins running through the outer sheath of the penis then compress which stops the blood from leaving the penis. As the blood is stopped from flowing out, the penis fills with blood and stretches within the outer casing, giving an erection.
PDE 5 inhibitors are broken down primarily by enzyme, cytochrome P450enzyme CYP3A4. Medications that decrease or increase the activity of CYP3A4 may affect levels and effectiveness of PDE 5 inhibitors. Such drugs include medications for the treatment of HIV (protease inhibitors) and the antifungal medications ketoconazole and itraconazole. Thus caution is recommended.
Infection is a concern after placement of a penile prosthesis and is reported as a complication in up to 20% of men undergoing placement of a penile prosthesis. If the device becomes infected more commonly, it needs to be removed. Another prosthesis can be placed after the infection is treated and the penile tissues have healed, but it is a difficult surgery. Erosion of the prosthesis, whereby it compresses through the corporal tissue, into the urethra may occur. Symptoms include pain, blood in the urine, discharge, abnormal stream, and malfunction of the prosthesis. If the prosthesis erodes, it will need to be removed. A catheter is placed to allow the urethra to heal.
Supplements are popular and often cheaper than prescription drugs for ED. However, supplements have not been tested to see how well they work or if they are a safe treatment for ED. Patients should know that many over-the-counter drugs have been found on drug testing to have ‘bootlegged' PDE 5 Inhibitors as their main ingredient. The amounts of Viagra, Cialis, Levitra or Stendra that may be in these supplements is not under quality control and may differ from pill to pill. The FDA has issued consumer warnings and alerts.
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The new edition of this best-selling guide carefully leads the user through the process of using SPSS (now called PASW) versions 16 and 17 to analyze psychological data. The authors review the basic issues regarding design and proceed through all of the major statistical techniques used in psychology, from introductory to advanced level. As with previous editions, the book retains the comprehensive coverage, clarity and flexibility that has made it an indispensable resource for students at all levels.This 4th Edition:covers SPSS (now called PASW) versions 16 and 17 and is backward compatible with other versionsfocuses specifically on the needs of psychologists and psychology studentsfeatures a new color layout and chapter tabs for easy reading and navigationdisplays annotated screenshots and key ‘tip’ boxes to help students track their progress and avoid common pitfallsprovides expanded coverage of graphing and guides students through reporting the outcome of statistical analysissets SPSS in the context of research design and statistics, and discusses the rationale and use of each test throughoutComprehensive in coverage, the book reviews advanced statistical material such as ANCOVA, factor analysis, logistic regression, and discriminant analysis as well as issues related to research design, data entry, data handling, data manipulation and modification in SPSS; how to calculate basic statistical procedures using SPSS; tests of difference for two sample designs, tests of correlation, and tests for nominal and categorical data; and tests for experiments involving complex designs or for data obtained using surveys. SPSS for Psychologists, 4/E covers SPSS versions 16 and 17, but is also appropriate for earlier versions. The book highlights the differences between the versions and includes coverage of reliability measures, partial correlations, and using statistics for scale constructions.Each statistical test features a brief description, an example of typical or actual research that might be analyzed using the test, and step-by-step instructions on how to perform the test using SPSS. Numerous screenshots and detailed descriptions of the steps required to perform the test, are included. Annotated examples of SPSS output help the reader understand and report the results of their analyses. Information on how to insert output into a text document is also included. A number of sample exercises, datasets, and other useful information is found on a companion Web site at www.palgrave.com/psychology/brace
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Rent SPSS for Psychologists 4th edition today, or search our site for Nicola textbooks. Every textbook comes with a 21-day "Any Reason" guarantee. Published by Routledge Academic.
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There is a new paradigm of science which is a very amazing, intriguing and offers a very interesting study. A lot of research has been going on for quite some time on now this subject. Though this is yet to be 100% scientifically established for universal acceptance such as laws of physics, yet it is a subject that can no more be ignored by the reductionist physics laws. It is considered to be beyond the nuance of contemporary material science. Yes, we are talking about “consciousness” which is a fundamental building block of nature and permeating the whole of the universe and now gaining immense attention around the world for extensive research.
This consciousness that exists in everything is responsible for a ubiquitous rationality or what they call a universal coherence. This explains why same laws of physics hold good for all the matters in the universe, be it as small as one atom or as big as a star. There are some fundamental laws like law of energy conservation, laws of gravitation etc. All these are applicable in the same manner on bodies irrespective of shape, size or any other physical characteristic. These stipulations have been scientifically proven by experiments in laboratories or in the actual environment.
The laws of physics applicable ubiquitously are not by a matter of chance. They are definitely a part of the overall galactic overreaching purpose. It is the teleological naturalism or a deliberate design in the nature that makes the laws of physics valid at all points and times of the universe. The important consideration is how such things happen in nature so meticulously. It cannot be just by accident. There has to be some rational force which governs all these complex things and there have to be fundamental building blocks which can be present in the minutest possible things as well as in matters of gigantic nature.
Everything is mindful
There is some degree of consciousness in everything around us which keeps it aligned with the galactic plan of nature. This ubiquitous consciousness cannot be explained through our known fundamental physical rules of mass, space and time. This in itself is a fundamental law and that is why it is termed as fundamental building blocks of nature. The universality of this consciousness is called “Panpsychism“. This term is coined from Greek words “pan” which means all and “psyche” which means mind or soul. This is not a new concept; in fact, this is an integral part of the core concept of Hinduism and Buddhism and is believed to unite all the diversities of the universe. It postulates that all objects in the universe and all parts of the objects have some “mind”. It’s not like a complex mind of a human being, but it definitely has some fundamental building blocks of consciousness which connect it to the universe at large. Be it a living or no living object, some amount of consciousness is present in all of them. Thus every single particle in the universe “knows” every other particle by connecting through some kind of consciousness.
The laws of physics bind us to just a materialistic view where our stipulations are limited to the particles, the materials are made up of and their interaction with each other. However, this fails to explain many other things happening around us which are not materialistic in nature. The study of this thought of panpsychism will allow us opportunities for further researches to connect it to other existing laws of physics known to us. However, this being an unconventional aspect, it needs to be firmly established by tests in the arena of science. An American physicist Gregory Matloff has suggested that how this can now explain the dark matter effects which have till now remained very intriguing for the scientists. No particle in this universe is definite in shape or position unless it is observed and measured. Dark matter is known to be only a hypothetical matter influences the particulate matter through gravitational forces only. This is based on the understanding that the cool stars (the celestial bodies which emit light by fusion of their atoms just like our sun) are able to go round the centre of the galaxy by forces generated by their molecular interaction with the vacuum energy spread over the universe. These cooler stars are seen to be moving more quickly than the other ones by way of unidirectional pull or jet as they call it and which is supposed to be spread over in all directions and not just limited to the centre of galaxy only. Matloff further suggests that this is true not only in our galaxy, the milky way but in all the galaxies having the dark matter. This same physics can be seen working everywhere in the universe and this proves the universal coherence.
The Future Of Universal Consciousness
The important question here is how could this correlate to the consciousness, the primary building blocks spread over the universe. There may not be a tested and proven justification for this at the moment; however, this could explain in future the seeing of UFOs or some very unusually bizarre sight in the sky which Einstein termed as spooky action at a distance.
Right now, we know very little about the quantum nonlocality which says that even if two entangled atoms are separated by a very large distance in the universe, they will always be able to interact with each other. This entangled correlation is so instantaneous that it is said to be working faster than the speed of light. The question still remains to be concretely answered whether it has to do anything with the universal consciousness. Nevertheless, the universe is continuously working in its own way. And more meaningful for us at the moment is that the matter has organised itself in our planet to have a complex level of consciousness or awareness in the living objects here and given us the opportunity and capacity to explore and discover more of the intriguing things of nature. It is the universality of consciousness that brings our awareness closer to a better understanding of the material world. This understanding, however, cannot be made in a short span of time and needs very extensive research work.
As we understand that matter and consciousness are interrelated, we must appreciate some level of consciousness has always been there in the universe and it evolved with life. It gradually became more and more complex as the organisms also developed that way. It was in the larger plan of the universe that consciousness led to the evolution of life and natural selection. The process continues all the time and we continue attaining a higher degree of consciousness. For the moment let us be fascinated by the perception that the existence of the universe is dependent on consciousness for us as well as for the may be other smart creatures in the universe. This concept of consciousness should certainly bring forth a new revolution in scope and understanding of science.
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Barnsbury Primary School and Nursery, Surrey
We are a two-form entry primary in Woking and the Numicon approach to teaching and learning maths has become an integral part of our school’s ethos. At Barnsbury Primary School and Nursery the Numicon approach to teaching and learning in mathematics is embedded from the start of Nursery and is consistently used until the children leave us at the end of Year 6. Parents are invited to annual workshops to share the Numicon ethos and our mindset towards Maths! This workshop provides parents with the opportunity to gain an understanding of the importance of using resources to move from concrete understanding to the abstract. This consistency and early introduction to the approach enables all children to have firm foundations on which to build upon and we have found the impact this has had on our children to be huge!
Firm Foundations for Learning
Encouraging children to independently select manipulatives from a young age can provide children with the concrete learning that will eventually support them in their SATS in Year 6. This is something we have recognised with our improving results over the last three years. Because a range of manipulatives are consistently available to support all learners in all lessons, it is no longer seen as a stigma to select resources to aid learning. Because Numicon is everywhere throughout the school, children are able to select an appropriate resource to best support them and this also enables children to represent learning in a variety of ways. Not only does it support their learning but children love using manipulatives and maths becomes so much more engaging!
Preparing for SATS
Across KS2 this year we introduced the Numicon Pupil Books for the children. These pupil books enable children to answer questions in a variety of ways to gain a true understanding of mathematical concepts. Using these books has supported children’s fluency, reasoning and problem-solving skills, which in turn has led to increased confidence in all learners.
The children across the whole school love selecting manipulatives, experimenting with them and making connections and finding patterns. This is something we are proud of at Barnsbury and the children can articulate themselves well. Come and visit for yourselves!
The Numicon interventions (Big Ideas and Breaking Barriers) we have newly implemented this year at Barnsbury supported some children in filling in gaps in their knowledge and this has undoubtedly increased their confidence.
From the analysis of the three previous years SATS papers it was evident that the questions that arose in the papers came from new learning that had been taught from Year 3 onwards. This indicated to us the collaborative effort required to support Year 6 children in attaining in SATS. Because of their concrete learning, built on strong foundations, the Year 6 children are quick to visualise patterns and reason efficiently and this is reinforced throughout their time at Barnsbury. Similarly, because Numicon is an ethos around mathematics, children can apply mathematics in a context.
The KS2 SATS this year involved the testing of pupils understanding of the connections between numbers. It also relied on pupils’ fluent understanding of place value. This is something that the Numicon Approach supported throughout the children’s journey through EYFS, KS1 and KS2. Our reason for introducing Numicon to our school was for children to feel confident and be fluent in their understanding of mathematics in a context and this is exactly the impact it has had thus far.
The arithmetic paper asked children to assess whether the questions require mental arithmetic or formal written methods – having a concrete understanding of number and calculations supported children in answering quickly and concisely. Because of this concrete understanding, our attainment has increased over the last three years and the children who leave our school, leave as confident mathematicians with a growth mindset!
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16 November 2017
WASHINGTON D.C. — Humans may be adding large amounts of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere by using groundwater faster than it is replenished, according to new research. This process, known as groundwater depletion, releases a significant amount of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere that has until now been overlooked by scientists in calculating carbon sources, according to the new study.
The study’s authors estimate groundwater depletion in the United States could be responsible for releasing 1.7 million metric tons (3.8 billion pounds) of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere every year.
Based on these figures, groundwater depletion should rank among the top 20 sources of carbon emissions documented by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). This would mean the carbon dioxide emitted through groundwater depletion is comparable to the carbon generated from aluminum, glass, and zinc production in the United States, according to the study’s authors.
“We were somewhat surprised that this hasn’t been accounted for in the literature and in the [EPA and IPCC] evaluations,” said David Hyndman, a hydrogeologist at Michigan State University in East Lansing, Michigan and co-author of the new study accepted for publication in Earth’s Future, a journal of the American Geophysical Union.
Groundwater depletion’s impact on carbon emissions is significant yet relatively small compared to the leading contributors, according to the authors. For example, scientists estimate fossil fuel combustion in the United States is responsible for releasing more than 5 billion metric tons (11 trillion pounds) of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere every year, close to 3,000 times the amount released from groundwater depletion. Still, the study authors argue that understanding all sources of carbon dioxide emissions is important for making accurate climate change projections and finding solutions.
“It’s not going to change the way we think about global climate change. It’s just another factor involved that we need to consider,” said Warren Wood, a hydrogeologist at Michigan State University and co-author of the new study.
“This is an idea that a number of us have knocked around a little bit, but I think the approach here is really novel,” said Bill Simpkins, a hydrogeologist at Iowa State University in Ames, Iowa who was not involved in the study. “[Groundwater depletion] is certainly not a documented source that people feel obligated to put in their climate estimates.”
Groundwater’s carbon cycle
Rain falling from the sky contains the same amount of carbon dioxide as is present in the atmosphere. But soil carbon dioxide levels are up to 100 times greater than carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere, because soil microbes degrade organic carbon into carbon dioxide. When rainwater hits the ground and percolates through Earth’s rocks and sediments, the water dissolves extra carbon produced by these microbes.
If left to its own devices, this carbon-rich water remains below ground for hundreds to thousands of years before surfacing in oceans or freshwater bodies. But humans are now extracting groundwater at an unprecedented pace to sustain a growing population. The United States alone sucks up nearly 80 billion gallons (303 billion liters) of water from the earth every day to supply drinking water and irrigate crops, enough water to fill Utah’s Great Salt Lake five times every year.
Analyzing depletion’s impact
Wood’s research has largely focused on the hydrogeology of arid areas, but he recalls suddenly coming up with the concept for the new study one morning after coffee. “It came to me at about 9:30 a.m. and by 11:30 a.m. I had the first draft of the manuscript done,” Wood said.
In the new study, Wood and Hyndman analyzed groundwater depletion and groundwater carbon chemistry data from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) to calculate how much carbon dioxide is likely transferred from groundwater to the atmosphere each year.
USGS scientists estimate that the United States annually depletes 25 cubic kilometers (6 cubic miles) of groundwater, which contains roughly 2.4 million metric tons (5.2 billion pounds) of bicarbonate. Wood and Hyndman then conservatively assumed that half of the released bicarbonate is converted to atmospheric carbon dioxide.
From this information, Hyndman and Wood estimated the U.S. releases approximately 1.7 million metric tons (3.8 billion pounds) of carbon dioxide a year into the atmosphere from groundwater depletion. This is more than the amount of carbon dioxide produced by the generation of electricity used to power 250,000 households in the United States each year.
Scientists know less about groundwater depletion on a global scale, but Wood and Hyndman predict groundwater depletion releases 9.7 to 13.5 million metric tons (21.4 to 29.8 billion pounds) of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere each year globally.
“This linkage between subsurface water and the atmosphere is a very creative and original synthesis. I’m not aware of anyone who has even suggested this in the past,” said Lenny Konikow, a scientist emeritus at the U.S. Geological Survey who was not involved with the study.
The researchers note that this study is still just a preliminary step, but they hope their study will provoke in-depth research on the role of carbon dioxide from groundwater depletion.
“If we can understand how humans are having an effect, hopefully we can take that next step and try to mitigate some of these effects,” said Hyndman.
The American Geophysical Union is dedicated to advancing the Earth and space sciences for the benefit of humanity through its scholarly publications, conferences, and outreach programs. AGU is a not-for-profit, professional, scientific organization representing 60,000 members in 137 countries. Join the conversation on Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, and our other social media channels.
Notes for Journalists
This research article is open access. A PDF copy of the article can be downloaded at the following link: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/2017EF000586/pdf.
Journalists and PIOs may also order a copy of the final paper by emailing a request to Olivia Trani at [email protected]. Please provide your name, the name of your publication, and your phone number.
Neither the paper nor this press release is under embargo.
“Groundwater depletion could be significant source of atmospheric carbon dioxide”
Warren W. Wood: Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, U.S.A.
David W. Hyndman: Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, U.S.A.;
Contact information for the authors:
Warren W. Wood: [email protected], +1 517 355 4629
David W. Hyndman: [email protected], +1 517 353 4442
+1 (202) 777-7449
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2821. If the roots of a tree belonging to a person's neighbor reach his property, he can stop them, and if he also sustains harm from them, he can ask the owner of the tree to compensate him for it.
2822. If a father gives dowry to his daughter and. for example, he makes it her property by means of compromise or gift, he cannot take it back from her. However, if he has not made it her property there is no harm in his taking it back.
2823. If a person dies, his adult heirs can spend money on his mourning ceremonies out of their own share, but nothing can be taken from the share of a minor.
2824. If a person backbites a Muslim he should seek forgiveness of that Muslim, provided that there is no danger of any disturbance being created by his doing so. In case, however, it is not possible for him to seek forgiveness of that person, he should pray to Allah for his salvation. And in case that Muslim has been insulted owing to his backbiting, he (i.e. the person who has spoken ill of the Muslim) should, if possible, make amends for the insult.
2825. If a person knows that someone has not paid Khums he cannot take Khums out of his property without the permission of the Religious Head and deliver it to him (Religious Head).
2826. The tune which is peculiar to the assemblies of amusement and pleasure is music, which is unlawful. It is also unlawful to recite the Holy Qur'an or mournful verses in commemoration of the martyrdom of Imam Husayn in a musical tone, but there is no harm if they are recited in a sweet tone which does not fall under the category of music.
2827. There is no harm in killing an animal which is harmful and does not belong to anyone.
2828. The prize which a bank gives to some of its account holders of its own accord to attract the clients, is lawful.
2829. If something is given to an artisan to mend, and its owner does not come to take it back, and the artisan makes a search for him and loses hope of finding him he should give it away as alms with the intention that he is giving it on behalf of the owner. And it is better that he should obtain the permission of the Religious Head in this behalf
2830. There is no harm in beating one's breast in the streets and bazaars (i.e. as a sign of mourning) though the women may be passing from there. However, on the basis of precaution, the mourners should be wearing shirts. Furthermore, there is no harm if standard ('Alam) etc. are carried before the mourning party, but instruments of amusement should not be used.
2831. To have golden teeth set in one's mouth, or to get one's teeth plated with gold, is not prohibited, either or men or women, though it is for adornment.
2832. To masturbate or to cause the semen come out with oneself or by other means (except by intercourse with ones wife or slave girl which is permissible) is unlawful.
2833. Shaving one's beard or cutting it with a machine in such a way that it becomes like the shaved one is unlawful on the basis of obligatory precaution.
2834. On the basis of obligatory precaution the guardian should get his child circumcised before he attains puberty, and if he does not get him circumcised it becomes obligatory on the child himself when he reaches the age of puberty.
2835. If the parents of a person are indigent and cannot earn anything, their son should if it is possible for him to meet their expenses.
2836. If a person is indigent and cannot earn anything his father should bear his expenses. And if his father is not alone, or cannot bear his expenses, and he does not also have a son who may bear his expenses what is well known is that his paternal grandfather should bear his expenses. And if his paternal grandfather is not alive or he cannot meet his expenses, his mother should meet his expenses. And if his mother is not alive or she cannot meet his expenses, his paternal and mother and maternal and mother and maternal grandfather should meet his expenses jointly. And if some of them are not alive or cannot meet his expenses others should help him. And this commonly known verdict is according to precaution.
2837. If a wall is owned jointly by two persons none of them is entitled to rebuild it without the permission of the other or to place the beam or pillar of his building on that wall or to drive a nail in it. However, there is no harm in doing things about which it is known that the other owner is agreeable to them e.g. to lean on the wall or to spread clothes on it. However, if the other owner is not agreeable even to these things being done, it is not permissible to do them.
2838. Painting of the entire body of an animal or a human being is unlawful even though it is not a statue. However. there is no harm in producing pictures by means of photography.
2839. If the branches of a fruit bearing tree go beyond the garden wall and a person does not know whether the owner of the garden is agreeable to its fruit being plucked, he cannot on the basis of precaution, pluck its fruit, and cannot also pick up the fruit which has fallen on the ground.
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How To: Get Rid of Flying Ants
There’s something especially off-putting about an ant that has sprouted wings. Fortunately, you're not stuck with a swarm of flying ants—follow these simple strategies for a speedy removal and prevention against their return.
Flying ants may seem more formidable than their tiny ant counterparts. Interestingly, though, flying ants—also known as swarmers or alates—aren’t actually a different variety of ant at all. They’re just regular ones that have grown wings for the mating season! (And, while different types of ants have different mating seasons, you’ll most likely find swarmers in your home in times of high humidity or following heavy rains.)
Think you have a pest problem but aren’t sure of which kind? At first glance, flying ants are often mistaken for termite, as both pests have four wings and antennae. Upon closer inspection, though, you’ll see that termite wings are all the same size, whereas the front wings of flying ants are usually larger than the back wings. Plus, swarmers have the pinched waists typical to ants and elbowed antennae, unlike the straight ones of termites. The good news: While they’re not fun house guests, flying ants are not nearly as destructive as termites and are completely manageable. As soon as you’ve identified your infestation, prepare for how to get rid of flying ants on your property with the following tools and techniques.
MATERIALS AND TOOLS Available on Amazon
– Spray bottle
– Liquid dish soap
– Peppermint oil
– Glue trap for ants
– Duct tape
– Tea kettle
– Caulking gun
– Boric acid powder
– Liquid bait traps with Borax (optional)
STEP 1: REMOVAL
Dig out (or pick up!) any of these non-chemical solutions for ridding your house of these pests:
• A vacuum is probably the easiest way to quickly remove a large swarm of flying ants. Simply suck the pests up with a handheld or full-sized vacuum and then immediately replace the vacuum bag.
• A simple spray made from dish soap and peppermint oil spray will do the trick if the ants are scattered and difficult to reach by vacuum. Fill a spray bottle with one part liquid dish soap and two parts water. If you have peppermint oil on hand, add several drops. Shake the solution well, and spray it at the ants and the surrounding area. The soap will stick to the ants, dehydrating them and making it difficult for them to move or fly, and the peppermint oil will suffocate them.
• Sticky tape traps are another great means for stopping flying ants in their tracks. If you don’t have any commercial glue traps on hand, you could lay out strips of duct tape, sticky side up, near where you think the ants are entering. Add a sprinkle of sugar or a few drips of honey on top of the tape to really attract, and then trap, the ants.
STEP 2: PREVENTION
You may have just spotted two or three flying ants that buzzed in through an open window. In that case, you probably don’t have to worry about ridding your home of a colony. But if you found a swarm, removing the existing flying ants isn’t enough. You must take measures to ensure these insects don’t continue to invade.
Determine the source. First, try to find the colony by trailing the ants back from where they’ve come. This may or may not be possible. It could be that the ant colony is somewhere in your walls or underneath the home or building’s structure, in which case you can move on to the next steps to prevent the spread of flying ants. If you do find the colony, though, destroy it. The easiest and most effective way to do so is to pour boiling water over it. Keep the water as hot as possible until you quickly pour it into the hole on top of the colony where the ants emerge.
Seal the cracks of your home. Even if you did find the colony, it’s still a good idea to make sure that any cracks in baseboards, windows, and walls are sealed. That way, future invaders won’t find an entrance to your home. Caulk any areas that look like they could be letting pests in from outside. If you haven’t found the colony, this is an especially important step, since you haven’t yet had the chance to shut down the source.
Spray for extra prevention. It can be tough to know you’ve sealed every potential ant entrance. For a little extra prevention, mix one tablespoon of boric acid powder with a cup of water, or a separate solution with equal parts water and vinegar, and spray the area where you found the swarm. Either spray will cut down on the scent trails that the ants have left behind, making it more difficult for their buddies to find their way into your home.
Poison the flying ants. After removing the initial swarm, stay away from the poisons that kill the ants on the spot. Instead, choose a poison that the ants will eat and then bring back to the colony, thus infecting future invaders. The main ingredient in those killers is Borax. You can make your own Borax trap by mixing one-and-a-half cups water, half a cup of sugar, and a tablespoon-and-a-half of Borax. Dip cotton balls in that solution and leave it near where you found the swarm or at other places you think they could find a way inside. Or, you can buy ready-to-use liquid bait traps from brands like TERRO that use Borax as the active ingredient at your local hardware store.
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Simulation Based Learning for Better Learner Engagement
How do we make learning more contextual and relevant? How do we increase the stickiness of the content?
Teachers have traditionally used alternative formats of teaching to engage students and help them learn the practical aspects of learning. Playing games, taking field trips and working in labs are some of the ways in which students feel engaged. This is enabled with the growth of online learning. However, with the surge of information online and offline, one of the main impediments to effective learning today is keeping the learners engaged and to ensure that the learning is targeted and effective. This makes it important to make learning more contextual and relevant. It is also important to improve the stickiness of the content.
In the digital world, technology allows us to create real-world “simulations” on using a variety of digital media /elements like video, audio, gesture-based digital learning objects on computer, iPads, mobile device. Integrating simulations within the curriculum can help overcome the typical barriers of textbook learning. Simulation based learning adds concreteness and context to learning.
Some of the key benefits of simulations are:
1) Preparation for the Actual World – They help mimic real-world situations in a digital space. Everything from medical simulations for nurses and doctors to flight simulations for pilots — simulations helps students model various situations they are likely to face in the real world.
2) Contextual Learning – Simulations add concreteness to learning and make it relevant to the context. This helps learners to grasp better and ensures retention of the knowledge that has been acquired.
3) Visual Learning – We are inherently wired to process visual information better than textual and verbal. Take this one example – many of us have sat through lectures on Organic Chemistry and tried learning it through textbooks, trying to make sense of complex carbon and hydrogen bonds. Understanding those molecules and reactions can get confusing and tricky. Now imagine seeing those molecules in a form like this:
Imagine manipulating the 3D model of this molecule and its bonds to understand how exactly these interact. This visualization helps students grasp complex concepts better. Another example could be visualizing the impact of marine pollution on aquatic animals. By changing the variables in the simulation, students can change the pollution levels in the sea and see the subsequent changes.
4) Engagement and Deep Learning – In learning by doing, students engage deeply in an activity. This helps with deep learning and higher retention rates. Some of these media-rich interactive exercises also add an element of freshness to the concepts taught and help increase student engagement levels.
5) Technology – Today, it is possible to analyze student usage data by integrating web-based simulations with analytic tools. One can get highly relevant data and usage patterns which could be used to a) personalize the learning process for every student and b) make improvements in the materials for an improved user experience overall.
Overall, integrating simulations within the curriculum can help improve the learning process by making it contextual, relevant and engaging.
Having said that, there are some challenges to mass adoption of these simulations. Some of the key ones being:
a) Cost – The cost of developing these NextGen simulations can run into tens of thousands of dollars. The cost barrier is a major impediment especially in the K12 sector where funding priorities can put these on a backburner.
b) Infrastructure – We take internet connectivity for granted today but it is still a challenge in some areas of the world. Simulations can be heavily web-dependent objects and lower speeds can impair the user experience. The plethora of devices, browsers and operating systems used today can also pose challenges in maintaining a uniform experience. For example, a student accesses these simulations on a web browser at school. She goes home and accesses these same simulations on her phone on an app, but the presentation and controls are very different, which can be frustrating. Providing this flexibility without jeopardizing the experience is a challenge.
Some of these challenges are being overcome with better technology. The popularity of simulations as learning tools is on the rise.
We at Magic EdTech work with educational publishers at all levels to help them develop these engaging simulations. Some of the areas where our clients appreciate us are:
a) Cost Efficiency – By using an approach driven by templates and engines, we bring down costs and add efficiencies of scale to the development process. This leads to faster development timelines and reduced expense.
b) Device Agnostic Development – We understand the patterns of today’s technology consumption. Our development and design teams take these into consideration and design for devices of all shapes and forms.
c) Accessibility – Accessibility is the cornerstone of everything we do here at Magic EdTech. All our simulations keep user access at the center of its design and development. Our simulations are WCAG 2.1 compliant and provide the learning opportunity to everyone.
Feel free to drop us a line if you’d want to learn more. There is nothing that can replace the richness of real-world experience. Simulations replicate those and get as close to it as they can to help make learning effective and engaging.
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In the early 1970s, University of Massachusetts Professor Geoffrey Boothroyd and his colleagues began research on what would become the basis for the Design for Manufacture and Assembly (DFMA®) methodology. Initially, the goal was to provide designers with a technique to quantify product designs for the ease of automatic assembly. This approach was expanded to include manual assembly so that manufacturing engineers could make justifications for automation proposals. The two basic principles of this methodology were:
These principles stood in stark contrast to the dominant “producibility guidelines” of the time. Producibility guidelines directed designers to focus on simplifying individual parts so they were easier to manufacture and cost less. Dr. Boothroyd’s ground-breaking research exposed the fact that this practice actually led to substantially higher product costs relative to the use of fewer, multi-functional parts.
Upon publication of this research, commercial implementation became a topic of great interest. In 1980, Dr. Peter Dewhurst joined Dr. Boothroyd to create the software package “Design for Automatic and Manual Assembly” (DFA) for the Apple II Plus. Subsequent interest from IBM and Digital Equipment led to the funding of a PC version, as well as the incorporation of Boothroyd Dewhurst Inc. in 1983. Major companies such as Ford and General Motors estimated that they were saving billions of dollars through DFA.
As interest in DFA software expanded, so did interest in achieving precise knowledge of the cost savings associated with it. In 1985, Drs. Boothroyd and Dewhurst conducted further research that allowed for a “Design for Manufacture” (DFM) module to be added. DFM allowed early and accurate should-cost estimates to be made of various design proposals. Together, the two modules combined to form what is now known as DFMA. The enormous benefits that DFMA provided to leading manufacturers led President George Bush to award the founders of BDI the National Medal of Technology in 1991.
Boothroyd Dewhurst Inc. has continued to develop the DFMA software tool for the past 30 years. In that time, DFMA has helped hundreds of companies manufacture products at lower cost and with higher quality than was previously possible. The legacy of BDI continues today through President John Gilligan and Executive Vice President Nick Dewhurst.
President George Bush awards the founders of Boothroyd Dewhurst, Inc., the National Medal of Technology "for their concept, development and commercialization of Design for Manufacture and Assembly (DFMA), which has dramatically reduced costs, improved product quality, and enhanced the competitiveness of major U.S. manufacturers." For more information about the Medal of Technology, please click here.
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I love to hear how particular topics come about. Kay described how she started to think more about what “silence” meant when she was filming her students for a video on practicing. She was running the video camera and didn’t interrupt or comment to the student when she made an error because it’s so difficult to edit sound out of video. When asked about the error, the student said that she assumed she was doing things correctly because Kay did not say anything.
Does this happen with our dogs? What does it mean to a dog when he is allowed to continue after an error? These are important questions because unless we have taught our dogs what silence means, they might perceive it as a lack of information or interpret it incorrectly. In her talk Kay shared her thoughts on the different types of silence and how to educate both ourselves and our dogs about what silence means.
This talk was of particular relevance to me because it was about something that I have struggled with in my ridden work with Rosie. When riding a “traditionally” trained horse, the horse learns that if the rider is not actively asking for anything, then she (the horse) is doing the right thing. Or, in other words, being left alone and allowed to continue means everything is ok.
For a clicker trained horse, the same conditions could mean different things, depending upon where you are in the teaching process. It could mean the trainer is shaping and waiting for the horse to meet criteria, or it could mean that the horse should wait for the next cue (if you are doing a chain), or it could mean that the click is coming but not necessarily for that behavior (intermittent reinforcement). I’ve sorted through some of this myself, but it was very helpful to see Kay explain what silence means to her and her dogs and how she transitions from one phase to the next. She does start with a lot of additional hints that help the dog be successful in the beginning, but she has a clear plan for how to shift toward the more subtle ways she communicates with her dogs in the advanced work.
To understand how she does this, she explained the importance of three related elements of training. They are the phases of training, types of feedback, and types of silence.
Phases of Training
Kay divides training up into three phases. They are:
- The Teaching Phase: In this phase the dog is learning new behaviors. The behaviors are on what she calls “acquisition cues,” which are working cues that are attached to early versions of the behavior. At this point errors are information for the trainer. The click is useful feedback: click = correct, no click = incorrect.
- The Practice Phase: Once the dog has learned the basic behavior, the focus is on building experience and flexibility. Kay will add in a “performance cue” when the behavior is reliable and consistent. The click is still used for feedback and click = correct, but if the dog is not correct, she will stop the dog, not just withhold the click.
- The Performance Phase: The performance phase is when the behaviors are finished and she is putting them together. She is using her performance cues. At this point, any “errors” are treated as information and indicate whether a behavior might need to go back to the practice phase.
Types of Feedback (Instructional vs. Confirmatory)
Instructional feedback is information for the dog about what to do. She was quite clear that instructional feedback doesn’t mean telling the dog it is wrong. When she gives the dog some form of instructional feedback, she is looking for a change in behavior, not to suppress behavior. If there is an error and she wants to give instructional feedback, she will change something about the environment (which includes her behavior) to help the dog find the right answer.
Confirmatory feedback is about maintaining connection and conversation with the dog. It can range from very obvious things such as praise, gestures, reinforcers and the click to a more subtle conversation where the dog and you are aware of each other and confirming each other’s actions through correct responses and subtle body language. It is used in the practice and performance phases to tell the dog to “carry on.”
Types of Silence
If we take these two types of feedback and think about how we would convey them without words (through silence), then we have:
- Confirmatory Silence: When you want to give confirmatory silence, you are going to support your dog in what he is doing. This can be done by continuing engagement, subtle mirroring and pausing. There will be a conversation between you and your dog through your visual cues and his responses. You are working as a team in harmony and there will be constant communication between you.
- Frozen Silence: Frozen silence happens when there is no conversation. You have ceased to give the dog any feedback or support. You probably have zero animation. This kind of silence shuts an animal down. It usually happens unintentionally when you are not sure what to do or when things are not going well. If you are nervous, it is easy to go into frozen silence.
- Inhibiting Silence: This is even worse that frozen silence. It’s a complete breakdown in communication and can lead to disengagement and disinterest. It can start with a hard stare, threat or holding your breath.
How do these all fit together?
At the end she had a nice chart showing the different ways we can support our dogs in different phases (teaching, practice, and performance) and how important it is that we have many ways to tell our dogs that they are correct and maintain their confidence. We start off with instructional and confirmatory feedback in its more obvious forms and slowly start to shift toward the more subtle forms of confirmatory feedback, with the goal of having a confident dog that has solid behaviors and understands and works well in confirmatory silence.
Teaching Phase: Clicks, targets, prompts, reinforcers, verbal support, carrying food, wearing food, cheerleading are used for support. (my note: I’m not sure she is recommending all these, just saying that they can be used in the teaching phase). In this phase, the dog should also be building confidence through focus, success, trust and repetition and these should be continually developed as they will support the learning through all three phases.
Practice Phase: Starting to phase out some of the types of support used in the teaching phase such as targets, prompts, wearing food, etc… You should be shifting to building confidence through familiarity, gaining strength, connection and a variety of experiences. Continued emphasis on focus, success, trust and repetition.
Performance Phase: This builds on the foundation laid by focus, success, trust and repetition and is increased through familiarity of behaviors, variety of experiences, strength and coordination and connection. There is a strong reinforcement history for the behaviors, confidence from working in a positive environment, trust in the environment, anticipation, conversation and response.
The chart shows how you can provide support for the dog as it goes through the phases and how important it is to shift away from types of support that can end up becoming crutches. As the training progresses early forms of suppoert should be replaced by other forms of support that help the dog become confident and enable you and the dog to work together toward your performance goals.
Thank you to Kay Laurence for her permission to share my notes and for the use of her chart.
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Latest photos on AncientFaces
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Naginey Surname History
The family history of the Naginey last name is maintained by the AncientFaces community. Join the community by adding to to this genealogy of the Naginey:
- Naginey family history
- Naginey country of origin, nationality, & ethnicity
- Naginey last name meaning & etymology
- Naginey spelling & pronunciation
- genealogy and family tree
Naginey Country of Origin, Nationality, & Ethnicity
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No content has been submitted about the Naginey country of origin. The following is speculative information about Naginey. You can submit your information by clicking Edit.
The nationality of Naginey can be complicated to determine in cases which regional boundaries change over time, making the nation of origin a mystery. The original ethnicity of Naginey may be in dispute based on whether the surname came in to being naturally and independently in different locales; for example, in the case of names that are based on professions, which can crop up in multiple places independently (such as the family name "Gardener" which was given to people of that profession).
Naginey Meaning & Etymology
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No content has been submitted about the meaning of Naginey. The following is speculative information about Naginey. You can submit your information by clicking Edit.
The meaning of Naginey come may come from a profession, such as the name "Carpenter" which was given to woodworkers. Some of these craft-based last names might be a profession in another language. For this reason it is good to understand the nationality of a name, and the languages used by its family members. Many names like Naginey come from religious texts like the Quran, the Bible, the Bhagavadgītā, and so forth. Often these family names are shortened versions of a religious phrase such as "Lamb of God".
Naginey Pronunciation & Spelling Variations
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Researching misspellings and alternate spellings of the Naginey surname are important to understanding the possible origins of the name. Names like Naginey transform in how they're spelled as they travel across tribes, family lines, and languages across time. In times when literacy was uncommon, names such as Naginey were written down based on how they sounded when people's names were recorded in official records. This could have resulted in misspellings of Naginey.
Last names similar to NagineyNaginga Nagingast Nagington Naginionis Naginis Naginlal Naginnee Naginonis Nagins Naginskas Naginskaya Naginsky Naginton Nagiola Nagion Nagiones Nagi ouda Nagipal Nagir Nagira
Naginey Family Tree
Here are a few of the Naginey genealogies shared by AncientFaces users. Click here to see more Nagineys
- Myrtle Naginey 1886 - 1972
- Robert Naginey 1915 - 1974
- Charles Naginey 1897 - 1967
- Winifred Naginey 1894 - 1975
- Margaret Naginey 1917 - 1982
- Harry Naginey 1887 - 1965
- Sam Naginey 1890 - 1971
- Mary Naginey 1890 - 1975
- John D Naginey 1923 - 1994
- Mark E. Naginey born 1955
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Click a letter to see a list of conditions beginning with that letter.
Click 'Topic Index' to return to the index for the current topic.
Click 'Library Index' to return to the listing of all topics.
What is drug-induced hepatitis?
Drug-induced hepatitis is a redness and swelling (inflammation) of the liver that is caused by a harmful (toxic) amount of certain medicines.
The liver helps to break down certain medicines in your blood. If there is too much medicine in your blood for your liver to break down, your liver can become badly damaged. This can lead to drug-induced hepatitis.
What causes drug-induced hepatitis?
Drug-induced hepatitis is rare. It is caused when you have a harmful or toxic amount of some medicines, vitamins, herbal remedies, or food supplements.
In most cases, you may be taking a medicine for several months before it reaches a toxic level and affects your liver. But the disease can also happen if you take too much of some medicines, such as acetaminophen. In this case, it can happen quickly. Other times it is an allergic reaction.
Many types of medicines may cause drug-induced hepatitis. These include:
Pain and fever medicines that have acetaminophen
Aspirin and over-the-counter pain and fever medicines (NSAIDs)
Anabolic steroids, man-made medicines that are like the male sex hormone testosterone
Some medicines used to treat bacterial infections (antibiotics)
Birth control pills (oral contraceptives)
Statins, used to lower cholesterol
Sulfa medicines, a type of antibiotic
Herbal medicines, including ephedra, germander, pennyroyal, and many others. Keep in mind that not all "natural" or "herbal" supplements are safe. They are also not regulated for safety.
Who is at risk for drug-induced hepatitis?
The risk for drug-induced hepatitis varies with each medicine.
You may be at higher risk for drug-induced hepatitis if you:
Have liver disease, such as from long-term alcohol use, HIV, or viral hepatitis.
Drink alcohol and take medicines at the same time.
Are a woman.
Use long-acting or extended release medicines.
Take multiple medicines that contain acetaminophen. There are many medicines both over-the-counter and prescription with acetaminophen.
Use herbal supplements.
What are the symptoms of drug-induced hepatitis?
Each person’s symptoms may vary. Symptoms may include:
The symptoms of drug-induced hepatitis may look like other health problems. Always see your healthcare provider to be sure.
How is drug-induced hepatitis diagnosed?
Your healthcare provider will look at your past health and give you a physical exam.
You may have some lab blood tests, including:
Liver function tests. These check for any redness and swelling (inflammation) or damage to the liver.
Complete blood count or CBC. Looks at the number and types of cells in your blood.
Coagulation studies. These tests look at how well the liver makes proteins that cause blood to clot.
Electrolyte panel. Checks to see if you have too many or too few minerals (electrolyte imbalance) in your blood.
Other tests to evaluate for liver disease, such as viral hepatitis labs, iron studies, and others.
Tests for other chemicals in your body.
Drug screening tests.
You may also have the following tests:
Ultrasound. This is used to see your liver and check how blood is flowing through different blood vessels. High-frequency sound waves create images of your internal organs on a computer screen.
CT scan. This is an imaging test that uses X-rays and a computer to make detailed images of the body. A CT scan shows details of the bones, muscles, fat, and organs.
MRI. This uses electromagnetic energy to create a picture of the organs.
Liver biopsy. Small tissue samples are taken from your liver with a needle. These samples are checked under a microscope to find out the amount and type of liver damage you have.
How is drug-induced hepatitis treated?
You must stop taking the medicine that is causing the problem. You must also keep all follow-up appointments. Your healthcare providers will monitor your liver closely while it recovers. The liver is often able to heal itself. In severe cases, you may need to be in the hospital as your liver heals. In rare situations, the liver fails and you will need a liver transplant.
Some medicines may cause a slight increase in liver enzymes without any symptoms. You may not need to stop using these medicines. Talk with your healthcare provider about the risks and benefits.
What are possible complications of drug-induced hepatitis?
If you don’t stop taking the medicine that is causing the problem, your liver will become more damaged. It may not recover. If this happens, you will need a liver transplant.
Key points about drug-induced hepatitis
Drug-induced hepatitis is a redness and swelling (inflammation) of the liver.
It is a rare condition caused by harmful (toxic) amounts of certain medicines, vitamins, herbal remedies, or food supplements.
In most cases, you may be taking a medicine for several months before it reaches a toxic level and affects your liver.
You may also get the condition if you take too much of some medicines, such as acetaminophen. This can happen quickly.
You must stop taking the medicine that is causing the disease.
Tips to help you get the most from a visit to your healthcare provider:
Know the reason for your visit and what you want to happen.
Before your visit, write down questions you want answered.
Bring someone with you to help you ask questions and remember what your provider tells you.
At the visit, write down the name of a new diagnosis, and any new medicines, treatments, or tests. Also write down any new instructions your provider gives you.
Know why a new medicine or treatment is prescribed, and how it will help you. Also know what the side effects are.
Ask if your condition can be treated in other ways.
Know why a test or procedure is recommended and what the results could mean.
Know what to expect if you do not take the medicine or have the test or procedure.
If you have a follow-up appointment, write down the date, time, and purpose for that visit.
Know how you can contact your provider if you have questions.
Online Medical Reviewer:
Jen Lehrer MD
Online Medical Reviewer:
L Renee Watson MSN RN
Online Medical Reviewer:
Marianne Fraser MSN RN
Date Last Reviewed:
© 2000-2019 The StayWell Company, LLC. 800 Township Line Road, Yardley, PA 19067. All rights reserved. This information is not intended as a substitute for professional medical care. Always follow your healthcare professional's instructions.
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By Bryan K. Wheelock, Principal
Lexicography – the power to define words – is heady stuff (at least for your typical mild-mannered patent prosecutor). It would seem that this power would be most responsibly applied to words that had no meaning, rather than redefining a word with an established meaning. Here are few examples of made up words and their meanings:
U.S. Patent No. 8,042,274 did not define doohickey in words, but rather instructs that a doohickey is shown in Fig. 5:
So at least now, you will know one when you seen one.
Thingamajig has not been expressly defined in any patent, but it must be a kind of disc drive system, appearing in two Seagate Technology patents (6,411,454 and 7,209,304), the latter stating:
an including a bonus reference to “gadget.” Speaking of gadget:
Before its recent appropriation by computer geeks, “gadget” was a generic reference to a device, see in U.S. Patent No. 3,998,694, and sometimes a pejorative reference (e.g., 4,019,313 or 4,101,130). Appearing in nearly 2000 patents, “gadget” has taken a wide variety of meanings. In U.S. Patent No. 5,005,336 it is tool that helps turn a coconut into an envelope.
There are even devices to organize one’s gadgets: D316,502 and D312,559 and D303552, and even one to help you find them when they are lost: D726,691. Of course gadget was the code name for the first atom bomb, making all other uses trivial in comparison.
U.S. Patent Nos. 6,398,058 and 7,004,347 gives us a definition of doodads: “small miscellaneous items, e.g., paper clips, rubber bands, buttons, etc.” and even provides a cup 10 to hold them. Although in U.S. Patent Nos. 6,106,300 and 6,890,179, a doodad is an “expense.”
U.S. Patent No. 9,225,817, explains that “widget” is “a contraction of ‘window gadget,’” and “refers to components in a graphical user interface (GUI).” However the use predates the computer age, and the word can be found in more than 7,000 patents.
Gizmo is used in more than 200 patents, mostly to refer to some non-specific device. It is apparently part of some prosecutor’s stock language, because most of the uses are along the lines of:
The words “comprising,” “including,” and “having” are always open-ended, irrespective of whether they appear as the primary transitional phrase of a claim, or as a transitional phrase within an element or sub-element of the claim (e.g., the claim “a widget comprising: A; B; and C” would be infringed by a device containing 2A’s, B, and 3C’s; also, the claim “a gizmo comprising: A; B, including X, Y, and Z; and C, having P and Q” would be infringed by a device containing 3A’s, 2X’s, 3Y’s, Z, 6P’s, and Q).
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Hello Mi Fans
How Are You ? When we compare Smartphones, tablets etc Display Then We Check If It Comes With Corning Gorilla glass Or Not? But Do You Know How It's Made? No! So Let's Discuss About It.
Corning’s proprietary fusion manufacturing process is at the core of its leadership in glass technology and the cover glass industry. This extraordinarily precise, highly automated draw process produces a thin sheet cover glass with pristine surface quality, outstanding optical clarity and inherent dimensional stability – qualities essential for cover glass for consumer applications.
The process begins when raw materials are blended into a glass composition, which is melted and conditioned. The molten glass is fed into a trough called an “isopipe,” overfilling until the glass flows evenly over both sides. It then rejoins, or fuses, at the bottom, where it is drawn down to form a continuous sheet of flat glass that is so thin it is measured in microns. The glass is untouched by human hands or anything else that could introduce flaws into the surface.
The composition of Corning® Gorilla® Glass enables a deep layer of chemical strengthening through an ion-exchange process where individual glass parts are cut from the “mother sheet” and undergo an ion-exchange process.
Ion exchange is a chemical strengthening process where large ions are “stuffed” into the glass surface, creating a state of compression. Gorilla Glass is specially designed to maximize this behavior. The glass is placed in a bath of molten salt at a temperature of approximately 400 degrees C. Smaller sodium ions leave the glass, and larger potassium ions from the salt bath replace them. These large ions take up more room and are pressed together when the glass cools, producing a layer of compressive stress on the surface of the glass. Gorilla Glass’ composition enables the potassium ions to diffuse far into the surface, creating high compressive stress deep into the glass. This layer of compression creates the surface that is more resistant to damage.
Corning Gorilla Glass Factory Tour
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This means a recent move to train security workers to recognize “basic” emotions from expressions might be misguided.
“What I decided to do in this paper is remind readers of the evidence that runs contrary to the view that certain emotions are biologically basic, so that people scowl only when they’re angry or pout only when they’re sad,” says Lisa Feldman Barrett of Northeastern University, the author of the new paper.
The commonly-held belief is that certain facial muscle movements (called expressions) evolved to express certain mental states and prepare the body to react in stereotyped ways to certain situations. For example, widening the eyes when you’re scared might help you take in more information about the scene, while also signaling to the people around you that something dangerous is happening.
But Barrett (along with a minority of other scientists) thinks that expressions are not inborn emotional signals that are automatically expressed on the face. “When do you ever see somebody pout in sadness? When it’s a symbol,” she says. “Like in cartoons or very bad movies.” People pout when they want to look sad, not necessarily when they actually feel sad, she says.
Some scientists have proposed that emotions regulate your physical response to a situation, but there’s no evidence, for example, that a certain emotion usually produces the same physical changes each time it is experienced, Barrett says. “There’s tremendous variety in what people do and what their bodies and faces do in anger or sadness or in fear,” she says. People do a lot of things when they’re angry. Sometimes they yell; sometimes they smile.
“Textbooks in introductory psychology says that there are about seven, plus or minus two, biologically basic emotions that have a designated expression that can be recognized by everybody in the world, and the evidence I review in this paper just doesn’t support that view,” she says. Instead of stating that all emotions fall into a few categories, and everyone expresses them the same way, Barrett says, psychologists should work on understanding how people vary in expressing their emotions.
This debate isn’t purely academic. It has consequences for how clinicians are trained and also for the security industry. In recent years there’s been an explosion of training programs that are meant to help security officers of all kinds identify people who are up to something nefarious. But this training might be misguided, Barrett says. “There’s a lot of evidence that there is no signature for fear or anger or sadness that you could detect in another person. If you want to improve your accuracy in reading emotion in another person, you have to also take the context into account.”
Incidentally, the theory that emotional expressions evolved for specific functions is normally attributed to Charles Darwin, in his book The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals. But Darwin didn’t write that emotional expressions are functional. “If you’re going to cite Darwin as evidence that you’re right, you’d better cite him correctly,” Barrett says. Darwin thought that emotional expressions – smiles, frowns, and so on –were akin to the vestigial tailbone – and occurred even though they are of no use.
For more information about this study, please contact: Lisa Feldman Barrett at [email protected].
Current Directions in Psychological Science, a journal of the Association for Psychological Science, publishes concise reviews on the latest advances in theory and research spanning all of scientific psychology and its applications. For a copy of “Was Darwin Wrong About Emotional Expressions?” and access to other Current Directions in Psychological Science research findings, please contact Divya Menon at 202-293-9300 or [email protected].
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Last year in the post, Change the Routine Without Disrupting the Class – Take A Virtual Field Trip, I shared suggestions about taking students on virtual field trips. Since then I have been exploring different virtual spaces with students and my peers. It has been fun and rewarding. A few topics that we explored included: Continue reading
I often think about newcomers to Canada, and specifically those coming from challenging circumstances who are building a new life in a new land. How are they settling into their new environment? Are they adjusting? Managing? Dealing? Healing?
Many of these newcomers are from the Middle East and are observing Ramadan, a holy month that’s observed by millions of Muslims around the world, where the central focus is fasting. Continue reading
I hope my title did not conjure images of technology-enhanced learning with visions of smartphones, iPads, and laptops dancing up through the air. On the contrary,
this blog is about students stirring, moving in circles, and engaging in conversation. I’m talking about face to face interaction, where students are talking and listening to each other while the teacher is watching.
In the ESL classroom: LINC, ESL or EAP – we teachers need to have many ideas up our sleeves to make sure students are not yawning but interacting with one another and having fun while learning. Last year in September, I shared two of these strategies. You can read them here: http://blog.teslontario.org/an-active-start-to-the-academic-year/ In this blog, I share another one that I have found students also enjoy: Continue reading
As I’ve shared with you in previous blogs, one of my ongoing interests is finding ways to empower my students to become better writers of English. What is the formula?
- Vocabulary skills are important (Checked √)
- Grammar is important (Checked √)
- Controlled practice is important (Checked √)
…Wait a minute… Modeling is super important…
According to Cumming (1995), language teachers need to not only provide text models of a good writer’s final product (what an assignment is supposed to look like at the end), but also model the cognitive process of writing. In other words, we as teachers should model writing-as-a-process that mimics the actions performed by effective writers (hint: we need to write a lot to be one too). Continue reading
During my TESL practicum, I was privileged to work with a wonderful instructor in an EAP class. My practicum supervisor* was great at scaffolding and layering; as the course progressed, each language skill was incorporated into subsequent lesson activities until it all culminated in a final project. The class was in oral skills with the final project being a presentation. Along with using the targeted language from the semester, the presentations also included a focus on appropriate body language, strategies to engage the audience, and the use of technology.
While presentations are common in English language classes, they can be very stressful and time consuming. In order to add variety to the assessments during the course, another activity that was required of the students, and that could easily be adapted for any type of ESL classroom, was leading a discussion group. Not only did we use this in the EAP context, I used the same activity in an EFL class that I taught in Ecuador in which the students were preparing to take the First Cambridge Exam. Here is how I did it!
Imagine you are in a doctor’s office being told that you have a serious, life threatening condition. Blood races through your veins, heartbeat pounds between your ears, breath is shallow, and you can feel your clothes sticking to your skin. Your body is in a heightened state of arousal. Do you recall the term “fight/flight/freeze” from science class? This is it — you are in what is called “survival mode”. By the time you get home, you realize how many questions needed to be asked but were forgotten while in the doctor’s office, and you barely remember what was said. This is an example of the psycho-physiology of trauma.
If you can relate to this scenario, (or one like it), then you can understand how difficult it is to function normally in this heightened state of arousal. It’s understandable that this state of anxiety can occur during a traumatic or highly stressful experience, but what you may not be aware of is that it can also persist for long periods after the traumatic event.
Why is this important now? With the refugee influx coming into Canada, you may encounter a surge of students in your classroom displaying symptoms related to post traumatic experiences like violence, displacement or loss, which will have an impact on how they learn. As a teacher, you may see a trend of problematic behaviours or students’ lack of progress in the traditional learning environment. Continue reading
What is student-centred learning? There are many facets to this idea. It can be lessons based on students’ needs. It can mean choosing topics based on students’ interests. But one of the concepts that is most commonly related to student-centred learning is learning through discovery. When someone learns through discovery, they are given enough autonomy to interact with materials and consequently discover how things work (think figuring out grammar rules implicitly). On the other side of the coin you have teacher directed learning where knowledge is transferred from teacher to student (think explaining how grammar rules work). Continue reading
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With autumn looming on the horizon, the leaves on some trees have already begun the transition towards the vibrant hues of autumn. Whilst this change may outwardly seem like a simple one, the many vivid colours are a result of a range of chemical compounds, a selection of which are detailed here.
Before discussing the different compounds that lead to the colours of autumn leaves, it’s worth discussing how the colours of these compounds originate in the first place. To do this we need to examine the chemical bonds they contain – these can be either single bonds, which consist of one shared pair of electrons between adjacent atoms, or double bonds, which consist of two shared pairs of electrons between adjacent atoms. The colour causing molecules in autumn leaves contain systems of alternating double and single bonds – this is referred to as conjugation. A large amount of conjugation in a molecule can lead to them being able to absorb wavelengths of light in the visible spectrum. This leads to the appearance of colour.
Chlorophyll is the chemical compound responsible for the usual, green colouration of most leaves. This chemical is contained within chloroplasts in the leaf cells, and is an essential component of the photosynthesis process via which plants use energy from the sun to convert carbon dioxide and water into sugars. For the production of chlorophyll, leaves require warm temperatures and sunlight – as summer begins to fade, so too does the amount of light, and thus chlorophyll production slows, and the existing chlorophyll decomposes. As a result of this, other compounds present in the leaves can come to the fore, and affect the perceived colouration.
Carotenoids & Flavonoids
Carotenoids and flavonoids are both large families of chemical compounds. These compounds are present in the leaves along with chlorophyll, but the high levels of chlorophyll present in the summer months usually masks their colours. As the chlorophyll degrades and disappears in autumn, their colours become more noticeable – both families of compounds contribute yellows, whilst carotenoids also contribute oranges and reds. These compounds do also degrade along with chlorophyll as autumn progresses, but do so at a much slower rate than chlorophyll, and so their colours become visible. Notable carotenoids include beta-carotene, the cause of the orange colour of carrots, lutein, which contributes to the yellow colour of egg yolks, and lycopene, which is also responsible for the red colour of tomatoes.
Anthocyanins, are also a member of the flavonoid class of compounds. Unlike carotenoids, anthocyanins aren’t commonly present in leaves year-round. As the days darken, their synthesis is initiated by increased concentration of sugars in the leaves, combined with sunlight. Their precise role in the leaf is still unclear – there has been some suggestion, however, that they may perform some kind of light-protective role, allowing the tree to protect its leaves from light damage and extend the amount of time before they are shed. In terms of their contribution to the colour of autumn leaves, they provide vivid red, purple, and magenta shades. Their colour is also affected by the acidity of tree sap, producing a range of hues.
References & Further Reading
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There's an irony in gaming. Ask most gamers what they enjoy most about gaming and the word freedom comes up quite often. Games give you a sense of freedom to be something you can't be in real life, and do something you can't do in real life. It's everything that reading enthusiasts say about the magic of reading, but in a much more interactive format that appeals to more of your senses. Now if you ask one of the anti-gaming doomsayers what they like least about gaming, they will often claim that it makes gamers more rebellious, more counter-culture, more anti-establishment.
The irony in all of this is that when you really break it down, video games are mostly about following the rules, doing what you're told, and conforming to expectations. When you're playing GTA and running from the cops while fleeing the scene of a bank robbery, you're not doing it because you're breaking the rule that says don't rob banks, you're doing it because in the GTA world, getting the bank robbers away from the cops is what you've been told to do, what you're supposed to do, it's the rules that you are following. Portal is a game that at least creates the illusion of breaking this. In Portal, following the rules and doing what you're told can have detrimental results.
To start with, Portal plays like a long tutorial divided into 19 sections of increasing length and complexity. You start off by learning the basic controls, typical FPS movement, and then move on to the unique mechanics of the portals and how they bend reality. It's pretty disorienting at first, but after a few minutes you start to wrap your brain around it and it starts to feel more natural. You're lead through all of these by the disembodied voice of a helpful A.I. that monitors your progress through security cameras placed throughout the areas. Once you've gotten the basics down, you are given a portal gun so you can create your own portals, and this is where the puzzles start to get more complex.
Yes, even though it's a spin off of the Half Life series, and has that same FPS look and feel, Portal is a puzzle game. It's a game that forces you to think, and rewards creativity over twitch reflexes. There are enemies in the game, in the form of automated turret gun robots, but unlike traditional first person shooters, you can't attack these turrets directly, and instead have to find interesting ways of disabling them such as creating a portal below them to make them fall, or above them to drop something onto them. Even in combat, everything in Portal is a puzzle.
I mentioned that the game is arranged like a tutorial, and for the most part it is. Each level introduces something new, and gives you clear instructions on what is expected of you, with the simple promise that you will be presented with cake at the end of the last challenge. At certain points however, all of this starts to break down. The clean white automated testing environment holds dark secrets. Every so often, a malfunctioning door or other piece of equipment gives you a fleeting glimpse into a different world. Others have gone through these same tests before you, and some have escaped only to live in the walls and corridors between the levels. Although you never see these people, you are presented with their mad writings they left behind as they were driven further and further into insanity. Throughout all of these chaotic scribblings, there is one phrase that stands out above all others: "The cake is a lie"
Now of course, it's just a game, and neither world is actually real, but as you transition mentally from playing the friendly tutorial game to the dark and dangerous game of escaping from within the confines of this advanced complex of a sinister organization, it feels like an awakening. It causes you to question the trappings of your own life and wonder what is real, and what is just imaginary cake.
A lot of this power comes from the stark contrast in the presentation of each of these worlds. The clean tutorial sections, while realistically textured, shaded, and rendered, use very few polygons. Everything is very simple geometry with bright friendly textures. The behind the scenes world uses a much more realistic visual style. Things are dirty, rusty, and worn out. Nothing looks safe or inviting, and you may even question your decision of ignoring the warnings of the friendly A.I. voice that constantly tells you that you are going the wrong way and you should come back before all of the cake is gone.
Portal isn't a very long game, and if you have a free evening you might even complete it in a single sitting. It presents you with additional challenge modes at the end to enhance the replay value, but it's the main story that makes it truly shine as a modern classic. If you haven't played it yet, you should. Even if you don't normally like puzzle games, it's worth picking up a copy during the next Steam sale just to experience what everybody else is talking about.
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By Haley Di Pressi, Stephanie Gorman, Miriam Posner, Raphael Sasayama, and Tori Schmitt, with contributions from Roderic Crooks, Megan Driscoll, Amy Earhart, Spencer Keralis, Tiffany Naiman, and Todd Presner
Ivory Turtleneck Striped Striped in in Turtleneck Ivory Ivory Sweater Striped in Sweater Turtleneck Sweater UCLA’s Digital Humanities program emphasizes cross-disciplinary, cross-hierarchy collaboration among students, faculty, and staff. We’ve created this Student Collaborators’ Bill of Rights as a statement of our values and principles in the UCLA DH program.
Collaborations between students and more experienced digital humanities practitioners should benefit everyone. At their best, these partnerships are a way for students to learn new skills and benefit from mentorship, while more seasoned scholars can learn from junior scholars’ ideas, skills, subject knowledge, and perspectives.
It’s important, though, to recognize that students and more senior scholars don’t operate from positions of equal power in the academic hierarchy. In particular, students’ DH mentors may be the same people who give them grades, recommend them for jobs, and hold other kinds of power over their futures. Students may not feel entirely comfortable raising objections to certain practices if they feel these objections could endanger their academic or career prospects. Thus, we think it’s important to outline some best practices for collaborations with students on digital humanities projects, so that everyone involved feels they gain from the partnership.
Collaboration can take many forms, from casual brainstorming to full-time employment. As collaborations develop, senior scholars should be mindful that different kinds of relationships entail different responsibilities on the part of each collaborator. A professor who assigns a class project, for example, must primarily consider the student’s own intellectual growth, while a senior scholar who employs a student assistant may assign work that primarily benefits the project.¹
We endorse the principles outlined in the Collaborators’ Bill of Rights (2011). As additional safeguards for students, we advise those embarking on collaborations with students to adhere to the following principles:Reese Tracy Boutique Dress winter Casual xqRzWw0H8
- As a general principle, a student must be paid for his or her time if he or she is not empowered to make critical decisions about the intellectual design of a project or a portion of a project (and credited accordingly). Students should not perform mechanical labor, such as data-entry or scanning, without pay.
- Sweater Turtleneck Turtleneck Ivory Sweater Striped Striped Striped in in Sweater Turtleneck in Ivory Ivory Course credit is generally not sufficient “payment” for students’ time, since courses are designed to provide students with learning experiences.
- We encourage senior scholars to familiarize themselves with the literature on unpaid internships.² At a minimum, internships for course credit should be offered as learning experiences, with a high level of mentorship. Those employing interns should be prepared to spend substantial face-to-face time with the student.
- If students have made substantive (i.e., non-mechanical) contributions to the project, their names should appear on the project as collaborators, and they should be acknowledged in subsequent publications that stem from the project.
- Striped in Ivory Turtleneck Ivory Turtleneck Striped Sweater Sweater Sweater in Turtleneck in Ivory Striped Students should be empowered to present on projects on which they have collaborated (assuming reasonable limitations about sensitive and embargoed material and on work in progress). Students and senior scholars should discuss the protocol for such presentations at the outset of the project.
- Students should be empowered to list their collaboration on a project on a CV or résumé, with an appropriate degree of credit. Senior scholars should explicitly encourage this and help students to formulate meaningful statements about their contributions.
- Senior scholars should recognize that projects on which students have collaborated represent important components of students’ scholarly portfolios. Senior scholars should thus make every reasonable effort to either sustain a “live” project or, failing this, either transfer its ownership to student collaborators or distribute to students an archived version or snapshot of the project.
- When digital humanities projects are required for course credit, instructors should recognize that students may have good reasons not to engage in public-facing scholarship, or may not want their names made public, and should offer students the option of alternative assignments.
- In meetings and project communication, student collaborators should be treated as full members of the project team, to the extent that this is reasonable, and their contributions should be valued and respected. Students should have a clear sense of how their work fits into the larger project.
- Digital projects can sometimes branch into multiple projects, or head in multiple directions. Many digital projects are experimental. Mentors and students should set guidelines for re-use of digital scholarly material, as well as for maintaining meaningful artifacts of students’ contributions.
1. For more on these roles and the various responsibilities they entail, see Spencer Keralis, “Disrupting Labor in the Digital Humanities; or, The Classroom is Not Your Crowd,” in Disrupting Digital Humanities, ed. Jesse Stommel and Dorothy Kim (Punctum Books, 2015 [forthcoming]).
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The two of the many components found in cannabis, CBD and THC are known to have various medical benefits. Both are part of the same plant have very different effects. And one of the main differences is that THC causes psychoactive effects; whereas CBD does not. For some health conditions, high potency strains are required. So, with a medical card in Temecula, you can buy high potency strains. You can purchase medical marijuana in Temecula from any licensed dispensary, depending upon your health condition.
CBD basically supports your body’s endocannabinoid system in balancing the biological functions. These include your sleep or immunity. It can also help people with gastrointestinal issues. It can reduce inflammation in the gut, organs in the digestive tract, and large intestine. Sometimes, the symptoms of GI issues may also include anxiety along with the inflammation and pain.
What is CBD oil?
CBD or cannabidiol is one of the many compounds found in cannabis plants. And CBD oil is an extract of the cannabis plant, containing high levels of CBD. Basically, there are two strains of cannabis, hemp, and marijuana. CBD oil is extracted from the hemp as it naturally produces high levels of CBD. Whereas, marijuana has a higher amount of THC and the lower amount of CBD. Also, CBD does not offer any psychoactive effects like THC, making CBD oil a perfect choice for people who don’t like the psychoactive effects of marijuana.
How CBD can help for GI issues
CBD interacts with the cannabinoid receptors in the digestive system, which results in reducing inflammation in the digestive tract. It also helps in improving the gut’s immune system, and also reduces the anxiety and stress related to GI issues. So, here are some ways in which CBD can help with GI issues.
Reducing pain and inflammation
CBD oil is very popular among people suffering from chronic pain. CBD alters the brain’s pain response and releases the neurotransmitters that work as an antidepressant. If you are suffering from a digestive issue, your gut might not regulate intestinal activity as it normally does. This results in muscle spasms, intestinal paralysis, and cramps. But, CBD can reduce the inflammation and pain and save you from long-term intestinal damage.
Relief from secondary symptoms
- Anxiety relief:
CBD is widely known to help with anxiety and can reduce discomfort feeling in social situations. It can also uplift your confidence and mood. It can also motivate you to socialize more.
- Nausea relief:
Two of the most common symptoms of gastritis are nausea and vomiting. Consuming CBD regularly can help you deal with both of them. It can reduce nausea and vomiting by around 49 percent.
- Stimulating appetite:
Well, THC is the main component that increases the appetite, but CBD is also known to offer stimulating effects for some people.
Final thoughts on CBD oil for GI issues
CBD is known to help in many health conditions, one of which is GI problems. While CBD can help you in this problem, you would have to take care of certain things while purchasing the best CBD oil for the issue:
- Buying products from brands who use third-party lab tests
- Check the extraction method used for the product
- Try to avoid any synthetic ingredients
- Go through the brand’s claims and double-check them.
As the cannabis industry is growing, a lot of brands are entering the marketing. So, make sure you pay attention to the labels on the packaging of your product to choose the genuine product.
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If you are somebody that doesn't know much about indexes, APIs, and configuration files it's a pretty good indication that you should read this book. Unlike the official documentation, this book explains certain things that the documentation thinks you should know already. Note that I will focus mostly on the PHP API throughout this book, since I'm best at that language, but you can use Sphinx with pretty much any language imaginable.
Why Use Sphinx?[edit | edit source]
You might be asking yourself, why bother use Sphinx? It seems to be more trouble than it's worth.
- Speed: The key reason is SPEED. Your regular MySQL searches take a SIGNIFICANTLY longer time to execute than a Sphinx search. You will start noticing the difference once your database has millions of records. If you have a small database (ex: forum of 100 users), will it be of any help? Not really...It's still fun to experiment with though! Plus there are cool features like word morphology (if I am searching for cats it will match cat, if I'm searching for running it will match run, runs, runable (I think...), etc.)
- Search Features: Another reason is search features. Ever wonder when you search for 2 words in Google, it will look for them in the same paragraph or 2 paragraphs (or sentence) but not all the way across the page? Sphinx allows you to do similar things :)
- Scalability: If you have big big databases on many many servers Sphinx will take care of it. And it will make it seem to the application that it's looking at one server. Sphinx can take a lot of stress off the PHP servers in terms of handling and searching information.
What Is Different About Sphinx?[edit | edit source]
Sphinx is a little bit different from what you are used to with MySQL queries. So don't expect to get it instantly.
Indexing[edit | edit source]
What Is Indexing?[edit | edit source]
Sphinx retrieves data from a table in a MySQL database and performs a process called indexing on it. Indexing creates a file that is easily searchable by Sphinx. For example, if you try to search a document in Microsoft Word it will search for words one by one in the document text. In a very large document searching can be noticeably slow. On the other hand, Sphinx indexes before any searches take place. This creates an index which can be efficiently searched instead of searching the entire document word by word. A good example is an encyclopedia index. If I want to find some information about cats, I could do what Microsoft Word does and read every page in the encyclopedia looking for the occurrence of the word "cat". Or I can look in the back, under cat, ah pages 104, 195, and 653. Much easier.
You Can Only Search What is Indexed[edit | edit source]
What you need to remember is that SPHINX CAN ONLY SEARCH WHAT IS IN THE INDEX! That means that every time you want to search the latest results, you must update the index. So if you were writing an article about cats and indexed the article table, then wrote an article about chickens, and did a search it would find your cat article, but it would treat the chicken article as if it never existed.
If you remember one thing from this section, it's that SPHINX CAN ONLY SEARCH WHAT IS IN THE INDEX!
Accessing Data[edit | edit source]
If you used PHP with MySQL this will be a lot easier for you. Otherwise you should probably consider learning PHP and MySQL (or anything and MySQL for that matter). There are great tutorials on Tigzag and W3Schools.
Sphinx normally returns MySQL ids, not data!!![edit | edit source]
A key thing you need to remember about Sphinx is that it normally does NOT retrieve data. Primarily it retrieves document ids, so you might be wondering What the heck is Sphinx for then? SEARCHING. Sphinx does the intensive part, which is searching for specific records. Then you can do the easy part through MySQL, which is retrieving that document. So for example, if Sphinx pulls out document ids 1, 5, and 7 from the index you will need to do a query in MySQL to retrieve the records (probably with ids of 1,5, and 7). You might think it's stupid, but it takes very few resources for MySQL to search for a document ID compared to searching for a word.
Here's an example. Say Sphinx pulls out documents with ids 1, 5, 7. You would do
SELECT * FROM documents WHERE id IN (1,5,7)
You are telling MySQL to select all the columns from the documents table (or whatever table the result was in) where the id (or whatever you called the id field) is either 1, 5, or 7. And then you can use mysql_fetch_array in PHP to look at the data and do whatever with it.
Once you learn how to use Sphinx for ordering your results, you can preserve the order by:
- Storing the order of the results in an array (just store the id property for matches)
- Doing a IMPLODE on the array using $result = implode(", ", $array) where $array was your array of results, and result will store a string of your result ids separated by comma space.
SELECT * FROM documents WHERE id IN ($result) ORDER BY FIELD(id,$result)
Here we are telling MySQL to order the results by the id field in the order we specified in $result.
It might seem like a lot of work, but you'll get used to it, and eventually you'll write functions to handle all of this for you. Don't worry, it's totally worth it!!!
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- Meeting abstract
- Open Access
Evaluating case-mix and predictive modeling measures within the British Primary care sector
BMC Health Services Research volume 7, Article number: A8 (2007)
The goal of this project was to promote the ability of the NHS to apply diagnostic and other clinical information to develop state of the art case-mix measures relevant to medical and fiscal management activities. In addition, it demonstrated the validity of the ACG case-mix system using Read codes.
Data and methods
Data was obtained from three Primary Care Trusts (PCTs) within the British NHS. Four years of data were collected at two of the sites, while two years were collected at the third site. The population of the sites varied from 6,000 to 20,000 in 2005. The independent variables included age, gender and diagnostic information, in the form of Read codes. A range of variables were used to measure resource utilization.
The project looked at three specific applications:population risk profiling, provider performance profiling, and patient identification.
Population Risk Profiling was done to assess the disease burden of populations for resource allocation. There was found to be a very strong relationship between the simple risk score distribution and relative resource use in all three sites. The distribution of Read codes demonstrated that the number of codes per patient differ significantly across practices. The distribution of ACG-PM risk scores by postal code revealed the differences across geographical areas. Eleven conditions have been identified as key conditions in the ACG program. There is significant variation in the distribution of key conditions.
Provider Performance Profiling was performed to assess efficiency across PCTs or providers. For budgetary allocation and performance profiling, concurrent regression models were used to estimate the expected resource use adjusted for demographic and diagnostic information of the patient. The actual and expected resource use were then compared to profile providers performance and measure efficiency.
Predictive modelling was undertaken to identify people at risk for assessment and care planning. Comparisons of the explanatory power of alternative models show significant improvement when ACG measures are added. Highest explanatory power is achieved with total secondary care costs as the dependent variable. For primary care variables, the explanatory powers are much higher for pharmacy use and lab tests. It is possible to identify 4.2% to 21.5% of all true high risk patients from the models. A list of anticipated high-risk patients for 2006 was generated.
Accounting for differences in the health status of populations and their anticipated need for health care services is necessary when considering policies at the individual level, be it the provider or patient level. Our results show that UK populations do vary in their need for health care resources and can be successfully compared across PCTs, as well as on the individual practice level, to assess the disease burden and the health care resource needs of the population. The ACG model proved to work well with the available British data. These results can be directly used for population risk profiling, performance management, or case management.
About this article
Cite this article
Siemens, K.K., Gurol-Urganci, I., Atun, R. et al. Evaluating case-mix and predictive modeling measures within the British Primary care sector. BMC Health Serv Res 7, A8 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6963-7-S1-A8
- Health Care Resource
- Primary Care Trust
- Read Code
- Primary Care Sector
- Simple Risk Score
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The sweetest time of year is quickly approaching. Whether your kids wants to make homemade Valentines or plan to surprise someone with a special heart-themed gift, you and your children will love these five arts and crafts projects. There’s something here for every age and skill set, and many require items you’re likely to have laying around your house. Nothing says love quite like a homemade Valentine’s Day gift!
1. Heart Stamps
Rust and Sunshine’s Heart Stamps are perfect for toddlers. All you need is an empty toilet paper roll, some red paint, and a few blank cards.
Flatten the cardboard tube, so it has a crease on two sides, then push one crease inward to form a heart. To help the heart hold its shape, wrap a piece of tape around the tube. Pour a little red paint on a plate, and dip an end in it. Hand your homemade stamp to your little ones, and let them make their very own cards. Feel free to use some pink paint, too!
2. Baking Cup Flower Valentines
With the help of masking tape, a hole punch, wire, scissors and suckers, you can turn plain paper baking cups into bright-colored, flower-shaped Valentines. For step-by-step instructions, visit Skip to my Lou.
3. Crayon Valentine’s Hearts
Rather than having your children pass out store-bought Valentine’s cards, have them give their friends Crayon Valentine’s Hearts instead. To make your hearts, grab some old crayons and chop or break them. When you’re done, put them in a bowl and have your kids stir them. Place the crayons in a heart-shaped mold pan, and bake them at 250 degrees for about 15 minutes. Make sure you give them plenty of time to cool before removing. Visit Chef Messy for more detailed instructions.
4. Pixie Stick Hearts
To prepare Real Simple’s project, you’ll need construction paper, scissors, metallic ink pens, pixie sticks and craft glue.
Cut out an assortment of hearts from the paper, fold the hearts in half, and make a small circle in the middle (this is where the pixie stick slides through). Have your kids design their hearts with drawings and phrases, and then slide the pixie sticks through the hearts. On a separate piece of paper, draw and cut out arrow heads and backs. Use glue to attach the tops and end of the bows to your pixie sticks. Set aside to dry.
5. Magnets and Coasters
To make Parents’ project, paint small wooden hearts, let dry, and glue a magnet on the back. If your kids would like to make lacy coasters instead, simply cut craft foam shapes into hearts and glue doilies in between them. This is a great gift to have your littles ones make for their grandparents!
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EUdict :: English-Japanese(Kanji) dictionary
Results for: (Buddh) expiration of term of a vow Translations: 1 – 30 / 774 English Japanese(Kanji) (Buddh) expiration of term of a vow 結願 [けちがん] (2-ch term) lonely heart, male virgin, loser, geek 独男 [どくお] (a derogatory term for) Buddhist monk 乞食坊主 [こじきぼうず] (a derogatory term for) Buddhist monk 乞食坊主 [こつじきぼうず] (a derogatory term for) fiction (lit: make-believe and fancy talk), story, novel 狂言綺語 [きょうげんきご] (botanical term) alternate (esp. of leaf arrangement) 互生 [ごせい] (Buddh) "Does a dog have Buddha nature?" (classic Zen koan) 狗子仏性 [くしぶっしょう] (Buddh) ("like this"; often the opening word of a sutra); ten thusnesses (in Tendai) 如是 [にょぜ] (Buddh) (dharma-body of) Vairocana 本地身 [ほんじしん] (Buddh) (in Tendai) threefold truth (all things are void; all things are temporary; all things are in the middle state between these two) 三諦 [さんたい] (Buddh) (in Tendai) threefold truth (all things are void; all things are temporary; all things are in the middle state between these two) 三諦 [さんだい] (Buddh) (pair of) bellows; lungs (of the body) 鞴韜 [たたら] (Buddh) (pair of) bellows; lungs (of the body) 鞴韜 [フクトウ] (Buddh) (sense of) crushing evil 破邪 [はじゃ] (Buddh) (sense of) crushing evil and spreading the truth 破邪顕正 [はじゃけんしょう] (Buddh) (the path of spiritual) enlightenment 悟道 [ごどう] (Buddh) 84000; many 八万四千 [はちまんしせん] (Buddh) a weight 鎮 [しず] (Buddh) a weight; temple supervisor; town (of China) 鎮 [ちん] (Buddh) Acala, Acalanatha Vidya-raja, The Immovable, a manifestation of Mahavairocana 不動明王 [ふどうみょうおう] (Buddh) acquaintanceship; vijnana (consciousness); (after a signature) written by... 識 [しき] (Buddh) action, speech and thought 身口意 [しんくい] (Buddh) adarsa-jnana (great-perfect-mirror wisdom, wisdom clearly elucidating all things) 大円鏡智 [だいえんきょうち] (Buddh) admonition, commandment; sila (precept) 戒 [かい] (Buddh) advaitam (non-duality) 不二 [ふに] (Buddh) Akasagarbha (bodhisattva) 虚空蔵菩薩 [こくうぞうぼさつ] (Buddh) alaya-vijnana (store consciousness, consciousness forming the base of all human existence) 阿頼耶識 [あらやしき] (Buddh) all existing things (formed and formless) 諸法 [しょほう] (Buddh) all worldly phenomena, meritorious acts leading to enlightenment; (Jodo school) all practices other than recitation of the nembutsu prayer (practises) 諸行 [しょぎょう] (Buddh) amen, hail 南無 [なむ]
Search time: 0.007 seconds. Next » About Eudict
EUdict (European dictionary) is a collection of online dictionaries for the languages spoken mostly in Europe. These dictionaries are the result of the work of many authors who worked very hard and finally offered their product free of charge on the internet thus making it easier to all of us to communicate with each other. Some of the dictionaries have only a few thousand words, others have more than 250,000. Some of the words may be incorrectly translated or mistyped.
Please help us improve this site by into your language! translating its interface
Total number of language pairs:
Total number of translations (in millions):
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Lewis, Anthony. (2007). Freedom for the Thought that We Hate, A Biography of the First Amendment . . . a Book Review
The viability of any democracy depends upon a system of laws which serve to protect the fundamental rights of its citizens. One of those fundamental rights, found here in the United States and championed in many other parts of the world, can be found in the First Amendment. The storied history of the First Amendment lends not only to its continued relevance in our democracy, but also to the numerous challenges it has faced throughout our history. Understanding the importance of the First Amendment within the framework of its evolution within our society can not only deepen our understanding of it, but also serve to strengthen our resolve to protect its fundamental existence.
Anthony Lewis does a superb job of tracing that history through a concise, yet thorough examination of its enactment and subsequent legal challenges it has faced throughout our history. To understand Lewis’s method for navigating this complex issue requires a better vision for who Lewis was and the commanding role he played in transforming legal journalism. As Adam Liptak from the New York Times points out shortly after Lewis’s death,
“Mr. Lewis brought passionate engagement to his two great themes: justice and therole of the press in a democracy. His column, called “At Home Abroad” or “Abroad at Home” depending on where he was writing from, appeared on the Op-Ed page of The Times for more than 30 years, until 2001. His voice was liberal, learned, conversational and direct. As a reporter, Mr. Lewis brought an entirely new approach to coverage of the Supreme Court, for which he won his second Pulitzer, in1963.” (Lipkin, 2013)
Lewis’s understanding of the intricacies of the legal process and its overall effect it has on the development of legal theory gives credence to his analytical depiction of the First Amendment in his latest book.
The book is organized into chapters which outline the progression of the various legal challenges the First Amendment has encountered. Lewis starts with an explanation of the Sedition Act of 1798 and continues his examination of various case law (mostly Supreme Court), which has helped to define the First Amendment within the context of current affairs. He helps the reader understand the evolution of the First Amendment within a legal context by sharing the differing viewpoints of Supreme Court Justices as they heard and decided cases.
What I found most fascinating about this book was just how important a role judicial activism plays in helping shape the laws which ultimately have a direct impact on the freedoms we enjoy here in the United States. While the role of the legislator is essential to our form of government, it is ultimately the interpretation of these laws by judges that define the parameters by which we enjoy these rights. To assume that judicial activism is devoid of personal beliefs or political ideologies is misguided to say the least. It was insightful to see just how prevalent the role of political ideologies and personal beliefs existed in the outcomes of the cases illustrated by Lewis.
Another fascinating aspect of the book I enjoyed was Lewis’s depiction of the role of journalism within the political realm and its task towards expanding upon the need for transparency within government. The historical narrative, which illustrated a time when slanderous comments, regardless of their validity, were considered reckless and punishable under the law, showed just how intolerant we were as a nation to publically criticize politicians. While that intolerance no longer exists today, I must say I am fearful that the pendulum has swayed almost too far in the other direction. The incessant negativity today in journalism does little to foster community or growth as a nation.
Understanding the First Amendment and its storied progression throughout our history as a nation is paramount to understanding its relevance in our daily lives. As our society continues to evolve, it is incumbent upon each of us to become more engaged with the process. That engagement requires that we understand just how our system of laws functions and what role we can play in adding to the functionality of that system. This book not only gave me a better understanding of the First Amendment, but also provided me a framework to better understand the integral role of the legal profession across the political spectrum.
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Join Semantics in Kafka Streams
Kafka Streams is a client library used for building applications and microservices. Learn about the three major types of joins that it offers.
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Before getting started, let's get a brief introduction to some core topics:
- Apache Kafka is a distributed streaming platform that enables you to publish and subscribe to a stream of records, also letting you process this stream of records as it occurs.
- Kafka Streams is a client library used for building applications and microservices, where the input and output data are stored in Kafka clusters.
- Interface KStream<K, V> is an abstraction of record stream of key-value pairs. It is defined from one or more Kafka topics that are consumed message by message or as a result of KStream transformation.
- Interface KTable<K, V> is an abstraction of a changelog stream from a primary-keyed table. Each record in this stream is an update on the primary keyed table with the record key as the primary key. Like KStreams, it is defined from one or more Kafka topics that are consumed message-by-message or as a result of a KTable transformation.
Joins in Kafka Streams
Kafka Streams offer three types of joins:
- KStream-KStream join
- KTable-KTable join
- KStream-KTable join
This is a sliding window join, meaning that all tuples close to each other with regard to time are joined. Time here is the difference up to the size of the window.
These joins are always windowed joins because otherwise, the size of the internal state store used to perform the join would grow indefinitely.
In the following example, we perform an inner join between two streams. The output the joined stream will be of type
Since KStream-KStream Join is always windowed joins, we must provide a join window. This can be given using:
KStream<String, String> joined = left.join(right, (leftValue, rightValue) -> "left=" + leftValue + ", right=" + rightValue, /* ValueJoiner */ JoinWindows.of(TimeUnit.MINUTES.toMillis(5)), Serdes.String(), /* key */ Serdes.Long(), /* left value */ Serdes.Double() /* right value */ );
KTable-KTable joins are designed to be consistent with their counterparts in relational databases. They are always non-windowed joins.
The changelog streams of KTables is materialized into local state stores that represent the latest snapshot of their tables. The join result is a new KTable representing changelog stream of the join operation.
In the following example, we will perform an inner join between two KTables. The result will be an updating KTable representing the current result of the join.
KTable<String, String> joined = left.join(right, (leftValue, rightValue) -> "left=" + leftValue + ", right=" + rightValue /* ValueJoiner */ );
The join here is key-based — that is,
leftRecord.key == rightRecord.key — and will be automatically triggered everytime a new input is received.
KStream-KTable joins are asymmetric non-window joins. They allow you to perform table lookups against a KTable everytime a new record is received from the KStream.
The KTable lookup is always done on the current state of the KTable; thus, out-of-order records can yield a non-deterministic result. The result of a KStream-KTable join is a KStream.
In the following example, we will perform an inner join of a KStream with a KTable, effectively doing a table lookup.
KStream<String, String> joined = left.join(right, (leftValue, rightValue) -> "left=" + leftValue + ", right=" + rightValue, /* ValueJoiner */ Serdes.String(), /* key */ Serdes.Long() /* left value */ );
Published at DZone with permission of Himani Arora, DZone MVB. See the original article here.
Opinions expressed by DZone contributors are their own.
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Recently it was explained how the highly toxic carbon monoxide (CO) interferes with important biological functions in our body, including the immune system, even when it is inhaled in very low concentrations.
It now seems that carbon monoxide also plays an important role as a catalyst in the worldwide pandemic of the coronavirus, because that can explain observed phenomena that cannot be understood otherwise. The coronavirus emerged in the Chinese town of Wuhan during the winter season, when air pollution by CO, also indoors, is at its worst. It should also be noted that smoking is still very common in China, especially among men, which also stimulates a high ratio of chronic CO intoxication among the Chinese population. It is therefore remarkable, but no coincidence, that in neighboring Taiwan, which has strict environmental and anti-smoking policies, the coronavirus has a much milder course.
But all over the world, the typical victims of the coronavirus are senior people who suffer from chronic diseases that are linked to smoking and/or air pollution, like heart problems, COPD, high blood pressure and diabetes type 2. These, and others, are also diseases that are known to be caused or worsened by carbon monoxide.
Due to biological reasons, the immune system of women is less affected by CO than is the case with men. This explains why men are more prone to catch the coronavirus, and die from it, than women.
In Europe, Italy has been hit the hardest by the coronavirus. Reliable data show that of all infected Italians, 60% are men and 40% are women. At an interval score of almost 1.300 fatal cases, 75% were men and 25% were women (As of March 22). The fatality among infected men was 7,2%, where for women the fatality was 4,1%.
And in Italy, like in China, the air pollution in the big cities is severe, due to the millions of scooters that are very popular with commuters. However, these scooters usually have no catalytic converter in their exhausts, so they emit huge quantities of CO, NOx and fine dust. All these are bad for human health, but CO is most dangerous and acute. And in Italy, like in all of Europe and most of the US, it is winter and thus heating season!
So far the typical victim of the coronavirus is a person who already suffers from chronic diseases that are linked with smoking and/or air pollution, indoors and outdoors. Nevertheless, in all cases, it is worthwhile to check with a breath analysis if there is an underlying case of CO intoxication, because this explains and worsens most of the symptoms. And íf CO is involved, the patient may benefit more from a re-breathing mask than from treatment with oxygen because a re-breathing mask helps the body to get rid of the carbon monoxide.
Last week the American toxicologist and CO expert Albert Donnay posted tips and suggestions on the internet and on YouTube on how to use the re-breathing principle, even with very simple means.
René van Slooten is a leading ‘Poe researcher’, who theorizes that Poe’s final treatise, ‘Eureka’, a response to the philosophical and religious questions of his time, was a forerunner to Einstein’s theory of relativity. He was born in 1944 in The Netherlands. He studied chemical engineering and science history and worked in the food industry in Europe, Africa and Asia.The past years he works in the production of bio-fuels from organic waste materials, especially in developing countries. His interest in Edgar Allan Poe’s ‘Eureka’ started in 1982, when he found an antiquarian edition and read the scientific and philosophical ideas that were unheard of in 1848. He became a member of the international ‘Edgar Allan Poe Studies Association’ and his first article about ‘Eureka’ appeared in 1986 in a major Dutch magazine. Since then he published numerous articles, essays and letters on Poe and ‘Eureka’ in Dutch magazines and newspapers, but also in the international magazines ‘Nature’, ‘NewScientist’ and TIME. He published the first Dutch ‘Eureka’ translation (2003) and presented two papers on ‘Eureka’ at the international Poe conferences in Baltimore (2002) and Philadelphia (2010). His main interest in ‘Eureka’ is its history and acceptance in Europe and its influence on philosophy and science during the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
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Egg freezing Process
Egg freezing is the process of freezing mature or immature oocytes below sub-zero temperatures. These oocytes can be thawed & matured under in vitro conditions & can be fertilized using appropriate technique. Good pregnancy rate have been seen from such embryos derived from oocyte freezing. In view of the fact that the egg freezing has drawn a lot of attention in the field of reproductive medicine, the indications for oocyte freezing are given below.
- Women of reproductive age undergoing chemotherapy for cancer treatment.
- Unable to get sperm for IVF/ICSI during treatment
- Egg donation programme
- When women wish to have family in the later stage due to their personal reasons.
- History of premature ovarian failure (POF)
- In PCOS patients when stimulation is merged with in vitro maturation (IVM) method.
Process of freezing
After egg retrieval, the embryologist (an expert in oocyte freezing) will wash & incubate the oocytes for approx 2 hrs. The process starts with the denudation in which the cumulus cells which surrounds the oocytes are denuded to know the maturity of eggs. During the freezing process, oocyte has to undergo various biological changes. Firstly, it is treated with Equilibration Solution (ES) – high concentration of penetrating cryoprotectants like glycerol DMSO, propanediol, etc which replace the water content of cell with cryoprotectants. Then the oocytes are treated with Vitrification solution (VS) which is a combination of permeating & non-permeating agents (Rafflose, Trehalose, etc). Then it is directly exposed to liquid nitrogen. Due to this highly viscous medium its forms a glassy substance at low temperature. The procedure is very rapid any delay can cause damage to the oocytes like spindle damage etc.
Advantages of Oocyte freezing:
- Social egg freezing offered to women under the age of 38 yrs who want to start their family at later stages. It adds a possibility to have a healthy & genetically related child.
- Fertility preservation for young women with cancer.
- Reduces need of a donor
- Reduces the number of treatment performed at advanced maternal ages.
A couple needs to understand the impact of age on their fertility. Egg freezing is an alternate option for those people who are facing such kind of problems as discussed in the above article.
For more information, you can reach us for more information.
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Development of CarbonTracker Europe-CH4 – Part 2: global methane emission estimates and their evaluation for 2000-2012 (New study published in Geoscientific Model Development Discussions)
A group of scientists working mainly in Finish and Dutch institutions (but also from Switzerland, USA, Spain, Australia, Malta, Italy, Germany and Japan) has published a study in the scientific review Geoscientific Model Development Discussions. This scientific paper presents the evaluation of the model CarbonTracker Europe-CH4 and the results of global methane flux inversions performed with that model. A researcher from Izaña Atmospheric Research Center has participated in this study contributing to the evaluation, flux inversion, interpretation of the results, and writing of the article (not in the development of the model).
Because this scientific paper is very technical, firstly we present here a very brief introduction that tries to provide the reader some superficial understanding about this topic. An atmospheric transport model consists in a numerical (mathematical) model that given an initial 3D-spatial distribution of concentration of a given trace gas (e.g., methane) in the atmosphere, computes the time evolution of the concentration field of this trace gas in the atmosphere solving a set partial differential equations. These equations take into account that the trace gas is transported by the wind field, but also dispersed due to turbulence and convection (of two types: thermal convection within the Planetary Boundary Layer and deep convection that involves the full troposphere depth). There are also surface (oceanic and land) sources and sinks of the trace gas to be taken into account by the model, as well as volumetric sinks within the atmosphere (the main methane sinks are volumetric: chemical reactions with OH, Cl, and O(1D)).
The surface sources and sinks (for methane, the surface sinks –consumption by methanotrophic bacteria in soils- represent a small fraction, around 3%, of the total sinks) are known with high uncertainty (emission inventories, biosphere models, ecosystem trace gas flux measurements…). Using a transport model and atmospheric measurements of trace gas concentration in many stations, the surface sources and sinks can be known better performing an “Inversion”. The procedure is as follows: 1) the a priori surface fluxes are used in a forward run of the transport model; 2) the simulated trace gas concentrations obtained for each time step are compared with the concentrations really measured; 3) from these differences in concentration, the improvements that need to be applied to the surface fluxes to minimize those differences are deduced; and therefore, a more accurate a posteriori value for the surface fluxes is obtained.
Figure 1. Decomposition of the Earth surface in regions used by the model and locations of sites with observations assimilated in the inversions (“Discrete”: weekly flask samples analysed in a central lab; “Continuous”: instrument measuring continuously at the station).
Figure 2. Land-ecosystem map used in the regional definition in the optimisation.
Three different configurations are used to assess the sensitivity of the CH4 flux estimates to (a) the number of unknown flux scaling factors to be optimized which in turn depends on the choice of underlying land-ecosystem map, and (b) on the parametrization of vertical mixing in the atmospheric transport model TM5. The posterior emission estimates were evaluated by comparing simulations to surface in-situ observation sites, to profile observations made by aircraft, and to dry air total column-averaged mole fraction observations. The posterior estimated Global methane emissions for 2000-2012 are 516±51 Tg CH4 yr-1, and emission estimates during 2007-2012 are 18 Tg CH4 yr-1 greater than those from 2001-2006, mainly driven by an increase in emissions from the south America temperate region, the Asia temperate region and Asia tropics.
The posterior estimates for the northern latitude regions show significant sensitivity to the choice of convection scheme in TM5. The Gregory et al. (2000) mixing scheme with faster inter-hemispheric exchange leads to higher estimated CH4 emissions at northern latitudes, and lower emissions in southern latitudes, compared to the estimates using Tiedtke (1989) convection scheme. The evaluation with non assimilated observations showed that posterior mole fractions were better matched with the observations when Gregory et al. (2000) convection scheme was used.
More information about this study is available in the published scientific article in discussion phase:
Tsuruta, A., Aalto, T., Backman, L., Hakkarainen, J., van der Laan-Luijkx, I. T., krol, M. C., Spahni, R., Houweling, S., Laine, M., Dlugokencky, E., Gomez-Pelaez, A. J., van der Schoot, M., Langenfelds, R., Ellul, R., Arduini, J., Apadula, F., Gerbig, C., Feist, D. G., Kivi, R., Yoshida, Y., and Peters, W.: Development of CarbonTracker Europe-CH4 – Part 2: global methane emission estimates and their evaluation for 2000–2012, Geosci. Model Dev. Discuss., doi:10.5194/gmd-2016-182, in review, 2016.
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Can be kept in small containers, if no breeding is required. If you keep your beetles in small containers, better to keep them individually or at least in pairs, male and female. The aggressive males will kill other males and the same thing may happen with females: aggressive females may kill other females in a very small enclosure. For big groups it is better to keep them in large containers with lots of hiding places created by placing pieces of wood or bark on the top of the soil. The beetles spend most of the day time hiding underground, and often become more active in low light conditions. They will escape if they have a chance, so the box should be kept tightly closed, and a few pen-size holes need to be provided in the lid or the top part in the side of the container for better air circulation.
They feed well on banana or other ripe sweet fruits or beetle jelly. They seem to like banana more, perhaps due to a high protein content. Some breeders believe that adults of these species require a lots of protein and add some yogurt into the mashed banana. I feed them with my home-made beetle jelly (http://beetlesaspets.blogspot.co.uk/2013/11/jelly-for-tropical-beetles-at-home.html).
Initially I had a massive issue with mating my first rainbows. They were placed into a properly organised large container designed for egg laying and after six months of waiting I discovered no eggs:(. After several discussions on forums I came to the conclusion that the major male (with massive horns), could not simply catch the females which were normally hiding underground. The solution was to place them in a small enclosure with no hiding places and provide food in one spot. Male normally feeds and guards the food at the same time, so catching hungry female for him was not a problem in the small box. Egg laying setup is pretty much the same as for many stag beetles: decayed oak or beech log partially buried into garden soil or mulched wood. The female burrows the hole inside of the log and deposits eggs, simultaneously filling the hole with mulched wood and with parts of the substrate. If mulched wood or fermented flakes are used to fill the box, the female may lay eggs in the substrate too, normally in the bottom layer. If there is more than one female in the container, they may clean up each others holes to lays their own eggs. After about 3 months logs are carefully split with a knife or a screwdriver and the larvae are removed. Eggs can also be removed and placed in the tubs filled with the larvae substrate.
Mulched white rotten oak will be sufficient to produce minor healthy adults. However, to grow major adults, good quality fermented wood or even better, kinshi substrate, are required. I found the procedure making kinshi a bit disappointing, as every 3rd tub I made with kinshi was contaminated, and the procedure itself was rather time- and resource-consuming. Some hobbyists use dog food as a supplement to grow bigger larvae, but I did not like this approach, as it attracts parasitic mites. In the late L3 stage the larvae will create the pupal chamber and transform to the pupa. I found that the rate of survival of the pupa is much higher if pupa is transferred into the artificial pupa container, which I normally make from floral foam. After beetles come out of the pupa, they will stay in their cells inactive for a couple of weeks and then they will be ready to mate again.
To see more photos of beetles, please visit my flickr page at
You can also contact me via [email protected] regarding any related issue and availability of these beetles.
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Yoga is a physical discipline involving postures (asanas) along with breathing techniques. There are different types of yoga. Hatha yoga is the traditional and most common. Its movements are slow and you learn to control your breathing, helping to increase body awareness. Different kinds of props such as blocks, chairs, blankets and belts are used to adjust your body to the different postures. This allows you to work in a range of motion that is safe and effective for you. Power yoga or Ashtanga yoga involves matching your breathing with a progressive series of postures. This process produces intense internal heat and an abundant, purifying sweat that cleanses muscles and organs.
People often explore yoga to increase flexibility, help with relaxation and calm the mind. However, great gains in co-ordination, balance and strength can also be discovered through this activity. Special focus is placed on the body being lined up correctly in postures. This strengthens, purifies and balances the endocrine (glands that release hormones), nervous and circulatory (blood) systems. Yoga is helpful for all kinds of people. Busy people use it to manage stress, pregnant women use it to prepare for the birth of their child, and top athletes use it to focus on a high level of performance and to recover from injuries.
As with yoga, there are different types of Tai Chi. Chen style of Tai Chi, or “Lao Jia,” involves sudden slow and quick jerky movements. Created from this form is a new style called Yang Style Tai Chi. In this type, speed is steady and movements are soft, light and flow continuously. This more common and simpler style is more suitable for all ages and health conditions. Tai Chi also teaches how to cultivate Chi (or energy), circulate it through the body and use it for health and self-defence. The knowledge, style of teaching and personality of instructors can vary quite widely, so it is important to choose an instructor who you like.
Tai Chi has many benefits. Mind and body meditation, relaxation and stress relief are the major advantages. It also increases flexibility, balance and coordination. Other reported benefits include improved blood circulation through the exercise of internal organs, relief of arthritis pain, improved mental and physical concentration, and a stronger immune (defence) system.
Pilates is a special set of exercises designed to give a total body workout. It comes from the work of Joseph Pilates and dancers, who began using the method during the 1920s to build strength and prevent injuries. This is a gentle workout that builds strength without adding bulk (builds long, lean muscle). It balances strength with flexibility, and achieves harmony between mind and muscle. The body is retrained to work efficiently with the least effort and no tension. A Pilates session can be a mat workout on the floor. It might also involve equipment such as the Reformer, which uses varied spring-loaded resistance rather than weights. Generally, Pilates is done either one-on-one with a private instructor or in a closely supervised small group.
One of the main benefits of Pilates is improved core (abdominal and low back) strength. As well, Pilates improves circulation, flexibility, posture and body alignment. The goal is to develop long, lean and strong muscles. People who regularly train in Pilates also report increased energy levels, better sleep habits, and find that their bodies work and move more effectively.
During deep water running, the person is positioned vertically in neck-level water, unable to touch the bottom of the pool. Typically a floatation device or belt is worn to assist in staying afloat and keeping a vertical position. The water allows for body movements to be slowed down and taken through a full range of motion. The water provides a constant resistance, giving running muscles a full workout.
A person is able to run while supported by the water, reducing the stress of gravity on the body. The repeated pounding from high-impact forces that joints experience when running on land is gone. Water running is very good for maintaining fitness while injured, and is also a good method of cross-training. It can be used to supplement your regular training program and to promote gains in speed, strength, flexibility, balance and especially endurance.
These group classes are guided by certified instructors. Classes combine specially designed bikes and visual images to imitate riding outdoors. Bikes are generally arranged in a semi-circle and encouraging music is played. The instructor leads the class through a journey that brings to mind different terrains and includes a variety of skills such as climbing steep hills, pedaling with high resistance and going for top speed. The class is given instructions to increase resistance, speed up and stand in the pedals.
Classes focus on improving the health and function of the cardiovascular system. A major benefit of this type of exercise is that it is low-impact and kinder to your joints. In a class setting you are likely to work harder and at a higher level of intensity than if you were out for a leisurely ride on your own. However, since you control the resistance on your bike, you are in charge of how hard you work. Another benefit is that there is no need to learn any complex dance steps. All you need to be able to do is pedal.
Core stability training generally refers to strengthening the deep abdominal and low back muscles. These muscles form the basis of movement of the body. They act like a corset to provide support around your lower spine. Instructors will often use phrases like “Pull your belly button towards your back bone without moving your spine” to teach how to activate these muscles. Core stability classes are more than just sit-ups. They usually involve a variety of exercises to strengthen different muscles of the abdomen and back. Exercise balls, fit balls, or Swiss balls have many different names and are often used in these classes. They have been around since the early 1960s when they were used for rehabilitation. Now they add a fresh challenge to core stability. Whether sitting on the ball, lying on it, or holding it with your legs or arms, the ball provides support, resistance or weight.
The theory is that with a strong core, your posture improves, your back is better protected from injury and your limbs are better supported through any range of movement. Other benefits include improved flexibility and balance and better posture.
Don’t forget about the benefits of making exercise a little more social. Sign up with a recreational league to play volleyball, basketball, softball, soccer or Ultimate Frisbee™. Or, if you are unsure of what new exercises or sports to try, you can always use a personal trainer. Having someone oversee your technique and exercise program ensures you are exercising properly. Personal trainers are also a great way to increase your chances of sticking to regular exercise.
These activities are all suitable for people young and old, regardless of how active they are. You can do the exercises at your own level, even though you may be in a class setting. They allow you to work only as hard as you want to. Be sure to always monitor your level of exertion and how hard you are working your body physically.
Whatever you decide to do with your exercise routine, be sure to keep it fun and remember, as the saying goes, “Variety is the spice of life!”
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1And of the blue, and purple, and scarlet, they made cloths of service, to do service in the holy [place], and made the holy garments for Aaron; as the LORD commanded Moses.
2And he made the ephod [of] gold, blue, and purple, and scarlet, and fine twined linen.
3And they did beat the gold into thin plates, and cut [it into] wires, to work [it] in the blue, and in the purple, and in the scarlet, and in the fine linen, [with] cunning work.
4They made shoulderpieces for it, to couple [it] together: by the two edges was it coupled together.
5And the curious girdle of his ephod, that [was] upon it, [was] of the same, according to the work thereof; [of] gold, blue, and purple, and scarlet, and fine twined linen; as the LORD commanded Moses.
6And they wrought onyx stones inclosed in ouches of gold, graven, as signets are graven, with the names of the children of Israel.
7And he put them on the shoulders of the ephod, [that they should be] stones for a memorial to the children of Israel; as the LORD commanded Moses.
8And he made the breastplate [of] cunning work, like the work of the ephod; [of] gold, blue, and purple, and scarlet, and fine twined linen.
9It was foursquare; they made the breastplate double: a span [was] the length thereof, and a span the breadth thereof, [being] doubled.
10And they set in it four rows of stones: [the first] row [was] a sardius, a topaz, and a carbuncle: this [was] the first row.
11And the second row, an emerald, a sapphire, and a diamond.
12And the third row, a ligure, an agate, and an amethyst.
13And the fourth row, a beryl, an onyx, and a jasper: [they were] inclosed in ouches of gold in their inclosings.
14And the stones [were] according to the names of the children of Israel, twelve, according to their names, [like] the engravings of a signet, every one with his name, according to the twelve tribes.
15And they made upon the breastplate chains at the ends, [of] wreathen work [of] pure gold.
16And they made two ouches [of] gold, and two gold rings; and put the two rings in the two ends of the breastplate.
17And they put the two wreathen chains of gold in the two rings on the ends of the breastplate.
18And the two ends of the two wreathen chains they fastened in the two ouches, and put them on the shoulderpieces of the ephod, before it.
19And they made two rings of gold, and put [them] on the two ends of the breastplate, upon the border of it, which [was] on the side of the ephod inward.
20And they made two [other] golden rings, and put them on the two sides of the ephod underneath, toward the forepart of it, over against the [other] coupling thereof, above the curious girdle of the ephod.
21And they did bind the breastplate by his rings unto the rings of the ephod with a lace of blue, that it might be above the curious girdle of the ephod, and that the breastplate might not be loosed from the ephod; as the LORD commanded Moses.
Additional Priestly Garments
22And he made the robe of the ephod [of] woven work, all [of] blue.
23And [there was] an hole in the midst of the robe, as the hole of an habergeon, [with] a band round about the hole, that it should not rend.
24And they made upon the hems of the robe pomegranates [of] blue, and purple, and scarlet, [and] twined [linen].
25And they made bells [of] pure gold, and put the bells between the pomegranates upon the hem of the robe, round about between the pomegranates;
26A bell and a pomegranate, a bell and a pomegranate, round about the hem of the robe to minister [in]; as the LORD commanded Moses.
27And they made coats [of] fine linen [of] woven work for Aaron, and for his sons,
28And a mitre [of] fine linen, and goodly bonnets [of] fine linen, and linen breeches [of] fine twined linen,
29And a girdle [of] fine twined linen, and blue, and purple, and scarlet, [of] needlework; as the LORD commanded Moses.
30And they made the plate of the holy crown [of] pure gold, and wrote upon it a writing, [like to] the engravings of a signet, HOLINESS TO THE LORD.
31And they tied unto it a lace of blue, to fasten [it] on high upon the mitre; as the LORD commanded Moses.
Moses Approves the Work
32Thus was all the work of the tabernacle of the tent of the congregation finished: and the children of Israel did according to all that the LORD commanded Moses, so did they.
33And they brought the tabernacle unto Moses, the tent, and all his furniture, his taches, his boards, his bars, and his pillars, and his sockets,
34And the covering of rams' skins dyed red, and the covering of badgers' skins, and the vail of the covering,
35The ark of the testimony, and the staves thereof, and the mercy seat,
36The table, [and] all the vessels thereof, and the shewbread,
37The pure candlestick, [with] the lamps thereof, [even with] the lamps to be set in order, and all the vessels thereof, and the oil for light,
38And the golden altar, and the anointing oil, and the sweet incense, and the hanging for the tabernacle door,
39The brasen altar, and his grate of brass, his staves, and all his vessels, the laver and his foot,
40The hangings of the court, his pillars, and his sockets, and the hanging for the court gate, his cords, and his pins, and all the vessels of the service of the tabernacle, for the tent of the congregation,
41The cloths of service to do service in the holy [place], and the holy garments for Aaron the priest, and his sons' garments, to minister in the priest's office.
42According to all that the LORD commanded Moses, so the children of Israel made all the work.
43And Moses did look upon all the work, and, behold, they had done it as the LORD had commanded, even so had they done it: and Moses blessed them.
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|Scientific Name:||Ninox rudolfi|
|Species Authority:||Meyer, 1882|
|Red List Category & Criteria:||Near Threatened ver 3.1|
|Reviewer(s):||Butchart, S. & Symes, A.|
|Facilitator/Compiler(s):||Benstead, P., Bird, J., Khwaja, N., Taylor, J.|
This species may have a small to moderately small population within its small range, and numbers are declining owing to on-going forest conversion. However, the range is not yet severely fragmented or restricted to few locations, thus the species is classified as Near Threatened.
|Range Description:||Ninox rudolfi is restricted to Sumba, Indonesia. Although characterised as uncommon or rare, recent observations have revealed that the species is widespread and moderately common on Sumba, despite forest cover being reduced to just 10% on the island.|
|Range Map:||Click here to open the map viewer and explore range.|
|Population:||The species was reportedly relatively common and widespread in 1998, but may have declined since. Hence, the current population estimate of 10,000-19,999 individuals is very preliminary and requires clarification. This estimate equates to 6,667-13,333 mature individuals, rounded here to 6,000-15,000 mature individuals.|
|Habitat and Ecology:||It occurs up to 1,000 m in primary, disturbed primary and secondary forest and forest edge, in both deciduous and evergreen formations, and mangroves (Olsen et al. 2009). It is typically found occurring singly, in pairs or small dispersed groups of up to four birds. Its diet is not known but probably consists mainly of insects.|
|Major Threat(s):||Forest cover is threatened by extensive clearing and repeated burning for grazing and agriculture.|
Conservation Actions Underway
CITES Appendix II. Conservation Actions Proposed
Clarify the species's abundance outside of forest habitats and generate a global population estimate. Determine the impact of forest clearance on the population. As a precaution, protect significant areas of suitable forest, in both strictly protected areas and community led multiple use areas.
|Citation:||BirdLife International 2012. Ninox rudolfi. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2014.3. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 01 March 2015.|
|Feedback:||If you see any errors or have any questions or suggestions on what is shown on this page, please provide us with feedback so that we can correct or extend the information provided|
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The New Elizabethan Era is the term used to refer to the period of the reign of Queen Elizabeth II, from 1952 - 1983.
At the Queen's coronation, much of the British public were optimistic that her coming to the throne would usher in a new age of triumph for the United Kingdom and the Commonwealth. Edmund Hilary had just climbed Mt Everest, many television sets were bought specifically to watch the Coronation, there was virtually full employment and the National Health Service had just been founded. However, many others saw this as political rhetoric and the notion rapidly fell out of fashion.
With hindsight, however, parallels have been made between the two eras, and the adoption of the term "Caroline Era" has brought it back into vogue.
Except at the beginning, the people living through the New Elizabethan Era tended to refer to their times and the recent past in terms of decades. This practice was standard from the 1920s onwards and has only fallen into disuse since the King's coronation. It should not be thought that the use of the terms implies support for the monarchy. An important difference between the two customs is that of length of time. Whereas the Edwardian Era refers practically to the first decade of the twentieth century, the use of the word "era" has a connotation of a longer period while at the same time suggesting discontinuity with the past. The use of these terms is, of course, confined to the Commonwealth, and in the US, the previously common nomenclature of decades is still used. To the British ear, this sounds both quaint and "short-term". In Canada and Australia, both terminologies are common.
It may be that this shift in language has led to a general perception of a longer time scale than the decade-based description of historical periods.
The New Elizabethan Era begins with the death of the King George VI and ends with the Queen's abdication. Since her reign is "bookended" by the reign of two kings, some people see the era as being characterised by the rise of feminism. For example, the first female prime minister, unsuccessful though her premiership was, came to office during this time. Another feature of the period is the domination of culture by the baby boomers and the growth of youth culture.
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Certainty styling is being phased out topic by topic.Hover over keys for definitions:
Arithmetic is a branch of mathematics that deals with number systems and operations with such numbers such as multiplication, division, addition, and subtraction. Modern human western educational systems focus heavily on arithmetic. Thus while the ability to learn arithmetic is universal to human populations, arithmetic itself is not universal to all human groups.
The earliest evidence of arithmetic in human evolutionary history dates to about 35,000 years ago. Baboon fibulae covered with scratches presumed to be tallies, including the “Lebombo bone” (35,000 years old) and the “Ishango bone” (25,000 years old), have been found at ancient human sites in Africa. The marks are presumed to be for counting. Others have suggested that they are evidence of more complex mathematics, and still others believe they have no mathematical significance.
There has been a significant amount of experimentation on mathematical skills of other animals. The ability to approximate numerical magnitude is widespread and extends even to birds and amphibians. Chimpanzees have been demonstrated to have the ability to count and sum small numbers. Other primates also have some simple numerical skill; one study of rhesus macaques demonstrated the mastery of abstract numerical rules (in this case, ordering numbers), and another showed they are capable of simple addition (although not as accurately as human college students). However, other studies have indicated that pigeons have abilities on par with this.
Neuroimaging studies of humans and other primates have indicated that a region called the intraparietal sulcus is highly involved in mathematical tasks. Lesions of the nearby left angular gyrus are associated with deficits in mental arithmetic abilities, although the neural basis of these skills is not fully understood. Notably, numerical processing in human children and rhesus monkeys causes increased activation of the prefrontal cortex when compared with human adults. It has been suggested, therefore, that this area is the early association cortex for numerical magnitude in both humans and other primates.
Interestingly, calculation deficits associated with lesions of the intraparietal sulcus are commonly found with “finger agnosia” (the inability to distinguish between individual fingers), suggesting that learned counting on fingers by children may be imprinted into cortical pathways. Along similar lines, people raised in different cultures or taught to solve problems with different methods exhibit differences in brain activation during mathematical problem-solving. Again, this suggests that culture and learning through human childhood may have a significant impact on neural patterning and mathematical skill.
Arithmetic in the Chimpanzee Basso in the Frankfurt Zoological Park Together With Remarks to Animal Psychology and an Open Letter to Herr Krall From Karl Marbe: Introduction to Translation, , The American Journal of Psychology, Volume 124, p.463-488, (2011)
Pigeons on par with primates in numerical competence., , Science, 2011 Dec 23, Volume 334, Issue 6063, p.1664, (2011)
Effects of development and enculturation on number representation in the brain., , Nat Rev Neurosci, 2008 Apr, Volume 9, Issue 4, p.278-91, (2008)
Basic math in monkeys and college students., , PLoS Biol, 2007 Dec, Volume 5, Issue 12, p.e328, (2007)
Primate numerical competence: contributions toward understanding nonhuman cognition, , Cognitive Science, Volume 24, p.423 - 443, (2000)
Ordering of the numerosities 1 to 9 by monkeys., , Science, 1998 Oct 23, Volume 282, Issue 5389, p.746-9, (1998)
Numerical competence in a chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes)., , J Comp Psychol, 1989 Mar, Volume 103, Issue 1, p.23-31, (1989)
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UNIVERSITÀ DELLA CALABRIA and AILAE SUMMER SCHOOL© IN CULTURAL AND CRITICAL STUDIES 22-27/06/2009 (Rende, Italy)
AILAE and UNIVERSITÀ DELLA CALABRIA
AILAE SUMMER SCHOOL© IN CULTURAL AND CRITICAL STUDIES
22-27 June 2009
(Rende, Università della Calabria - Italy)
IN BETWEEN NATIONS AND PUBLIC INTELLECTUALS:
EUROPE, MIDDLE EAST AND THE NEW WORLDS
The AILAE Summer School© offers:
an intensive accredited program with prominent scholars and artists (5 ECTS credits);
dialogue amongst artists and scholars across various regions of the world;
a vibrant international gathering to exchange knowledge and join projects;
circulation of new and outstanding findings;
opportunities to explore further: Cultural Studies ~ Critical Studies ~ Migration and Diaspora Studies ~Race and Ethnicity Multicultural Critical Theory ~ Whiteness, Race and Feminist Theory ~ Indigenous Studies ~ Anthropology ~ Aesthetics ~ Art History ~ Performance Studies ~ Postcolonial Literatures.
The AILAE Summer School© held with the Università della Calabria in 2009 instigates rigorous investigation and debate around the role that European changing borders are playing in influencing culture-play in and around the Mediterranean regions. Migration and Diaspora have linked these regions to each other and to the Australian and American areas. Nations are merging and new identities are forming: in-betweenness is a category that translates into the urgency for new formations and new projects. AILAE acknowledges the need for a wide and accessible international debate between European, Australian and American intellectual communities to focus on dynamics of identities and relationship between cultural practices.
The 2009 AILAE Summer School with Università della Calabria proposes opportunities for: productive dialogue - theorizing on multiculturalism and post colonialism - discussing immigrant communities - theorizing their relationship to European and colonial legacy. This year the School aims in particular at challenging and instigating reflection about a critically engaged, contemporary understanding of cultural practices in the European Mediterranean and Australian regions. The AILAE Summer School is an annual event which counts amongst its lecturers a number of international leading scholars.
This year's teaching team will include:
Jon Stratton ~ Ghassan Hage ~ Ian Mc Lean ~ Mireille Astore ~ Franca Tamisari
Summer School Fee: Euros 50 ~ Minimum requirements: BA Degree or equivalent.
For enrolments and payment : [email protected] ~
For fees and enrolments queries contact: [email protected]~
For program and other enquiries: [email protected]
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to your Favourites...
Beef stock has a huge variety of uses, and is especially good for pan sauces.
- 2.5kg beef bones
- 560g onion (4 or 2 large)
- 270g carrot (4)
- 25g garlic (½ bulb)
- 2 bay leaves
- 1 small bunch of parsley
- 2 sprig of thyme
- 2 tablespoons of olive oil
- 6 litres of cold water
Preparation Time: 5 minutes (+ 1 hour roasting)
Cooking Time: 6 hour
Serves: convo("2 litres"); ?> of stock
- Heat the oven to 200°c.
- Peel the carrots, cut them in half lengthways and widthways; cut the onions in half, leaving the skin on; cut the garlic in half.
- Put the beef bones in a roasting tin, put the onion, carrot and garlic into another roasting tin, coat them with the oil, season with salt & pepper and roast them both in the oven for 1 hour.
- Place the roasted vegetables and the herbs into the bottom of a large pot and then put the bones in on top of them.
- Add the water to the pot and bring it to the boil.
- When it starts to boil, turn it down to a low heat and remove the foamy fat that floats to the surface with a ladle.
- Simmer gently for 6 hours, periodically skimming off any fat that floats to the surface.
- Using a fine sieve, strain the liquid into another pot, discarding all the bones, vegetables and herbs.
- Return the pot to a medium heat and simmer until the volume is reduced by half, skimming off all scum that floats to the surface.
- Allow the stock to cool naturally and use as required.
- To obtain enough beef bones, either save up rib or oxtail bones from other meals by freezing them, or ask your butcher for them (preferably veal knuckles).
- The reason for skimming the fat off the surface of the liquid is to help prevent the stock going cloudy.
- Putting the bones in last helps prevent the vegetables from floating to the surface, making it easier to skim off the fat.
- When simmering the stock, make sure the heat is very low, there should be hardly any bubbles breaking the surface. Boiling the stock will result in it becoming bitter and cloudy.
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The blue monkey is a medium-sized monkey with an average length of 55 centimetres and males can weigh up to 8 kilograms. These animals can live between 15 and 20 years in the wild but their lifespan is extended up to 30 years if raised in captivity.It has earned this unusual moniker due to the sparse fur on its face which sometimes give it a slightly blue sheen.
The blue monkey is like some other primates in that it is mostly herbivorous rather than omnivorous as it will not eat meat. It prefers numerous types of fruits and figs which make up nearly half of their diet. They have also been known to consume twigs, leaves, insects and small invertebrates.
Blue monkeys are found where most other primates are found i.e in the warm forests of equatorial Africa. They are very populous in Central and Eastern Africa where they can be found in large numbers in the Upper Congo River Basin and the East African Rift region. They can also be found in Angola and Zambia.
The blue monkey prefers evergreen and bamboo forests where it can use the high canopy for protection as well as for a food source. The blue monkey needs particularly humid conditions and these monkeys are to be found in areas where there is an ample supply of water.
As with all old world monkeys, the blue monkey is highly gregarious within its own species. Playing and grooming are two well-known social skills that they regularly practice. It is interesting to note is that most groups contain many females but only one alpha male. The other males will leave the group when they reach maturity in search of creating their own family group. This leaves the remaining male to court the females within his own group. The male monkeys are very territorial, so younger males that leave the group are rarely welcomed back and may even be chased away from surrounding areas. As exhibited in other primate species, an outsider may challenge an existing dominant male of another group. If the challenger succeeds, he will then become head of that group. This increases his chances for survival as well as gives him the chance to produce his own offspring.
This species is not considered endangered and actually in areas where they are rife they can be considered a pest by farmers. Nonetheless, as their natural habitat is encroached upon by civilisation, the numbers of this species may decline in the future.
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Do not replace the water heater without first checking out the pressure balance faucet in the shower. Pressure balance and temperature control shower faucets are notorious for reducing the hot water pressure as you are using the faucet. Temperature control shower faucets use a spring that adjusts the hot water temperature down when it senses a change in the water temperature. Unfortunately when the spring gets old, it doesn't function as it was intended and you lose hot water temperature.
When you experience a rapid loss of hot water, the problem is probably the dip tube. This tube is really a pipe that is is attached to the cold water inlet pipe (inside the water heater) and transports the cold water through the hot water to the bottom of the water heater where the burner can heat it up. It is designed to prevent the cold water from coming into the top of the water heater and running right over to the hot water outlet and out to the faucets. All water that is brought in through the cold pipes ends up on the bottom of the water heater and the hot water stays on the top. Once in a while the dip tube falls off inside the hot water heater and the cold water doesn't go to the bottom but stays on the top, so you get cold water out of the hot water faucet after only a few minutes. In order to stop your loss of hot water, you will need to pull the cold water inlet pipe and verify the condition of the dip tube.
Most people are comfortable with their hot water set at 120°F, which is also the new standard that manufacturers use when pre-setting your water heater temperature at the factory. If you have an older model, set the thermostat at medium. On a gas model, there is a dial on the front of the gas valve. On electric models, the thermostats (there may be two) are concealed behind the two panels on the side of the tank. NOTE: Turn off the electricity before removing the panels. There are exposed wires behind the panels containing HIGH VOLTAGE.
There are only a couple of things that will cause an electric hot water heater to raise its water temperature by itself. The first is a bad thermostat. A thermostat is designed to shut the temperature of the water off when it reaches the chosen temperature, but if the heat-sensing device goes bad, then the water temperature will continue to climb until the backup thermostat shuts off the power. Both thermostats need to be tested to see which one has failed. You will probably need a professional to pull it out and replace it. Unless you are very handy and know electrical safety, it is not recommended that you touch it. Electric water heaters typically have 240 volts going to the thermostat.
The other problem that could happen with an electric water heater is the tube surrounding the element, which separates the element from the water, may be damaged and the element may be heating the water directly. Generally you get hot water for a short period of time, then the element burns out. Sometimes you don't notice that it's gone because the other element continues to heat water. Every electric water heater has two elements, an upper element and a lower element. Both cycle to heat the water. An element is tested with an ohm meter; a small current is passed through the element to see if it is unbroken. If you get a reading from both poles of the element and it is within tolerance, then the element is still good. You have to test it with the power leads disconnected. Again, do not attempt this unless you know all of the safety procedures for 220 volts of power.
If the water heater is more than 10 years old, it is time to consider installing a new water heater. The time factor and parts for rebuilding the old water heater is the same as replacing it with a new one. You may be able to conserve more heat by installing a more energy-efficient model. Enough power may be conserved to eventually pay for the water heater. In addition, you may be able to easily convert to a tankless water heater that stores no hot water and is therefore even more energy efficient.
There are two possibilities for rapidly reducing water temperatures. First, the dip tube in your water heater may have broken off. This is a tube that forces incoming water to the bottom of the tank so that hot water will be drawn off of the top. When the dip tube breaks, cold water entering the tank mixes with the hot water and cools it down. This can occur in both gas and electric models.
Second, if your water heater is electric, the lower element that heats the water may not be operating properly, thus only the upper half of the tank will heat up. The cause of this problem could be a bad element or a malfunctioning thermostat. This type of problem should be evaluated by a qualified technician.
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The sophisticated intelligence shown by whales and other cetaceans has long intrigued and enchanted humans. Over millions of years, these animals have evolved a highly complex network of neurological and sensory systems that are certainly different than those of humans, but show enough similarities to make high-level interspecies communication and understanding possible. Cetaceans’ intelligence is just one factor that has spurred environmental and animal activists to fierce advocacy on these animals’ behalf.
Here’s an overview of what we know about whale and dolphin intelligence, as uncovered by scientists.
Bigger brains make smarter and more social animals
The brain size of whales and dolphins is impressive. In fact, the brain-body ratio of dolphins is exceeded only by humans. As is typical among animals with larger brains, cetaceans tend to be sociable, to take attentive care of their young, to engage in more complex behaviors, and to live longer.
One evolutionary theory states that bigger-brained animals are more intelligent because living in larger groups with complex social systems requires a greater capacity to observe and to process information and subtle cues quickly. This “cultural brain hypothesis” says that encephalization—growth in brain capacity or size—is linked to expanding networks of mutually beneficial behavior, such as hunting in groups and the development of different dialects within a species.
Strong bonds between parents and children
Whales’ and dolphins’ patterns of reproduction and development also parallel those of humans. Cetacean mothers give birth only a few times, and their young experience delayed sexual maturation and independence. Depending on the species, whale and dolphin offspring often spend all or much of their lives in close proximity to their parents, leaving them only to mate when they reach maturity.
A sonar superpower
Toothed whales and dolphins have an additional brain power unknown to humans: echolocation.
An entire section of these cetaceans’ brains is devoted to echolocation, which provides them with the ability to “see” via sonar. Water is an excellent conductor of sound waves; sound travels better in water than light does. So it’s natural that whales and dolphins would use their “superpower” of echolocation to find their way through the water.
Through echolocation, they are able to process unusually complex sets of information about their environments to help them navigate, hunt, and communicate. For example, through the clicking sounds other members of their pods make during echolocation, dolphins can even figure out which objects others are observing at any given moment.
Brain structures that support complexity
The brains of whales and dolphins are filled with spindle neurons, a type of specialized brain cell connected with higher-level thinking abilities such as memory, communication, logic, recognition of objects, and problem-solving abilities.
Researchers have also discovered that whale and dolphin brains contain many more folds and grooves than human brains. This means that their brains have a larger surface area, which possibly correlates with a greater number of information-processing units that can theoretically engage in more complicated thought processes and problem-solving.
Additionally, cetaceans’ limbic system—the part of the brain that handles emotional processing—shows greater intricacy than that of humans. Experts in dolphin neurology point out that this greater development of the limbic system is associated with high levels of social and community functioning, to the point that a dolphin on its own remains incomplete without connections to a complex society.
Playfulness that shows intelligence
The 20th century historian and scholar Johan Huizinga used the Latin term Homo ludens (which can be translated as “man at play”) to describe modern humans. The term acknowledges that our great capacity to have fun and be playful with one another—to engage in play as distinct from work or other activities related to survival—signals a higher level of intelligence.
In light of this insight, whales and dolphins can be said to be extremely intelligent. These species cavort, leap out of the water, do back flips, and roughhouse and tumble with one another for no discernable reason other than the sheer joy of it. Dolphins often create their own games of tag, start high-speed racing games, or throw a fish or an object back and forth.
Researchers have filmed whales and dolphins teaming up for play. In some cases, dolphins will swim up onto whales’ noses, then lift themselves high up out of the water and slide down the whales’ heads to the other side. Even cetaceans in captivity frequently play with toys, their human caretakers, and one another.
A social whole that is greater than the sum of its parts
Scientists have discovered that orcas may use distinct names to refer to other individual whales, and that sperm whales communicate with one another in a variety of dialects. Dolphins have been seen to assist fishermen bringing in their catches, and the highly individualized whistling sounds they make to identify one another even seem to be involved in frequent episodes of gossiping about one another.
Additionally, the parts of the orca’s brain that are involved in self-awareness and social perception are proportionally larger than the analogous brain parts in humans. This information could suggest that these animals’ sense of self is possibly better developed than that of humans. This may have something to do with their experience as highly social animals that have developed both an individual sense of themselves, and a sense of emotional community as members of an interdependent pod.
Dolphins’ and whales’ remarkable abilities demonstrate how much we humans have in common with other species on our shared planet. All animals are worthy of our respect and protection, but in whales, dolphins, and other particularly intelligent species, we humans can find a special kinship.
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The Do’s and Don’ts of Organic Molecule
Try to remember that molecules aren’t frozen in 1 form. After the pi bond starts at the very first carbon it’s just named hexene. Every ionic chemical bond is composed of a minumum of one cation and one anion.
The very first letter of every one of these four bases is frequently used to symbolize the respective nucleotide (A for adenine nucleotide, for instance). It follows that, in case there are essay-company.com/ two unique atoms, or groups of atoms, attached to every carbon of the carbon carbon double bond, they are sometimes arranged in various techniques to provide unique molecules. All the following represent just the exact same molecule.
The Advantages of Organic Molecule
Your tie is a great means to express fashion pizzazz and express your own personal and skilled type, and jewelry are the primary way for a new well-dressed man to clearly show his authentic style. When some women think that using blush as an eyeshadow is an excellent time saver in regards to makeup application (and even some make-up artists suggest this), it’s a huge mistake. http://weill.cornell.edu/about/ You might be thinking that getting your Vitamin D through sun exposure increases your probability of getting skin cancer.
Other times, it is just the push to achieve more. Within this case, a graphical form of formula known as a structural formula may be deemed necessary. There are two kinds of fatssaturated and unsaturated.
The Benefits of Organic Molecule
With ENTRPRNR, the on-line friendship will be technologically driven, but it’s not going to be commercially motivated, thus resulting in the concept that programmed sociality may be used for the larger good. It is essential that they have an exhaustive comprehension of this before moving on as they will make use of these representations throughout the chapter. The amazing thing about science is the fact that it is for everybody who’s prepared to look to the Universe itself to learn more info about it.
Introducing Organic Molecule
You’ll observe that articles discussing these findings generally tend to stay away from the term evidence’. A superb understanding of IUPAC naming is extremely vital in organic chemistry. You will probably want to build up any questions regarding the area of your attention.
Lies You’ve Been Told About Organic Molecule
Organic compounds also demonstrate human ingenuity in the huge selection of synthetic materials made by chemists. Organic vegetable gardens have become extremely well known in the gardening world. Chemical fertilizers are used for several years in succession.
The degree of formaldehyde in an environment are contingent on the sort of material releasing it together with the temperature, the degree of humidity, and the degree of air circulation. Indeed, plastics are moldable synthetic materials composed of a big organic molecule that may be formed into an assortment of goods. It is easily metabolized in humans so it will not accumulate in the body.
There are various sorts of carbohydrates too. This functional group difference, as small as it appears, accounts for the larger sweetness of fructose when compared with glucose. Cholesterol plays a main role in an individual’s health, and cardiologists say that in the event that you’re more than 20 years old, you ought to have your cholesterol checked at least every five years.
Unsaturated fats are typically derived from plants. The exact first level is known as the principal structure that’s the order of amino acids in every chain. They are found in, and are produced by living organisms.
A few of the fragments were found to contain sulfur, which might be at fault for preserving them. A new compound is hard to make. Thus the very same compound could be a vitamin for a single organism and not for a different.
But, regardless of the long odds, we need to look. This time the job of the carbon-oxygen double bond must be stated since there is more than 1 possibility. No justification to delay getting healthy, slim and lovely!
Organic Molecule Secrets
Any earthly element which uses assimilation for a self sustaining procedure is qualified to be called a Living Organism. Though it’s prudent to remember this definition is acknowledged by most of the scientific community, it’s interesting to be aware there are certain exceptions like inorganic cyanides. Soil acidification not only impacts the access to a massive number of elements, but also impacts the access to trace elements.
An inductive effect isn’t confined to the polarization of a single bond. If you’re at risk of cardiovascular disease, it may not be enough to decrease your LDL-levels, but also to raise your HDL-levels. Lowering blood cholesterol levels could lower the danger of CHD.
As a consequence the system switches to a brand-new state with conductivity improved by means of a factor of around a thousand, causing a sharp gain in the present flow. Normally, it allows complete assignment of atom connectivity and maybe even stereochemistry utilizing correlation spectroscopy. The one difference is that there has been some rotation about a few of the carbon-carbon bonds.
In the right-hand model, it’s in the exact same plane. Ribosomes are connected to the membrane of the ER, which makes it rough. In others, different metallic ions might be present.
Most Noticeable Organic Molecule
Any moment you currently have a wonderful shoe collection, this might be usually the one new remedy to bring this holiday season for your house business casual set of clothes. The idea of hyperconjugation explains this on the grounds of number of hypeconjugation structures. Each area of the name provides you some practical information regarding the compound.
Type of Organic Molecule
Both the parochial scientists and naturopaths don’t see the chance of acetate deficiencies. The oxidation-reduction reaction between carbon dioxide and water called photosynthesis trusts in the help of chlorophyll. The main reason that Hydrogen has increased in popularity is due to the vast possible applicability.
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Computers are a recent innovation. during its early old ages computing machines used to be immense. busying big air-conditioned suites. but today there are such the smaller parts of how they used to be. These have been evolved as we know them today. Some laptops. with applications in which people can hear music. make written work. make fiscal work with Excel or merely desire to pass some clip surfing the net or merely playing some cheat online. But the of import thing is that it is a great instruction tool at school. If you have good cyberspace zone it can assist many pupils to larn many things in different ways than books does in the traditional manner. The school?s must utilize computing machine engineering and give it to their pupils so they will be able to portion information. archives and acquisition tools for their cognition.
Today we are in a universe where engineering is invariably germinating. We see this day-to-day with the usage of computing machines which are a tool that has served to ease communicating and the manner how people work. At a school this sort of engineering is really utile because they can learn their pupils otherwise as it is in other states. Some ways can be educational and gratifying. This happens because people can blend larning on the net with games. pictures and other applications. Furthermore. several plans have done that this instruction should be complemented.
On the Internet people will happen tonss of information about any subjects their looking for. For the instruction of school. kids may happen many web pages. which have a wealth of information that can be really utile. These are educational and kids from 3 old ages and up who are still get downing to utilize a computing machine with games for them to larn how to utilize the keyboard and mouse.
Computers have many applications the largely used is Windows office since they have used plans such as Word or Excel to compose paperss used on finance. But a computing machine has many more plans you can put in or merely download them from the net. These plans can be used for anything every bit good as educational application you?d like. The maps of a computing machine are dozenss but people don’t even know the whole maps or tools they have when they are utilizing a computing machine. At school these machines are really utile because pupils can download many plans and information that can be really utile for their learning plan.
As people can see. the computing machines are of great importance. particularly for a school. Schools should get down utilizing these tools more frequently. in the long term ; these are much cheaper than books are to make full up a immense library. Students know how to utilize a computing machine and this can be really utile. These are non merely to utilize them to be on facebook or confab on MSN with friends. The computing machine is more than that. is a tool to utilize if you know you can travel excessively far. Internet is a tool in which there is much information that if known kind and hunt the cognition it can hold much more information than any library.
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Cuba is an independent state and it consists of group of small islands. It is situated at the north of Caribbean. Cuba is located at a place where two rivers meet i.e. Atlantic Ocean and Gulf of Mexico. Cuba is ethnically diverse country and its culture is very much similar to those in Latin America. Cuba is a word of Taíno language. It is uncertain whether the original word for Cuba was coabana (‘great place’) or cubao (‘where fertile land is abundant’). When the Spanish arrived, this was the main language of the Caribbean which was spoken by Taíno people.
Capital City: Havana
Independence from Spain: 10 December, 1898
Independence from USA: 20 May, 1902
Official Language: Spanish
Popular Sport: Baseball
- Cuba was originally occupied by the indigenous people. They were divided into three tribes:
- Siboney – the Taíno people
- Guanahatabey – hunter-gatherers
- Taíno – the Arawak people
- During 3rd century A.D., Taíno people came from Hispanola. They were farmers.
- The first Spanish conqueror who came here was Diego Velázquez de Cuéllar. He was the first Governor of this country. In 1511, he established the city in Guantánamo called Baracoa.
- Within just 100 years after the arrival of Europeans, almost all of the indigenous people of Cuba were killed primarily because of diseases like smallpox and measles.
Before Cuban Revolution of 1959
- Cuba was one of Latin America’s most advanced countries.
- The literacy rate in Cuba was 76 percent, which was Latin America’s fourth highest percentage.
- In terms of doctors per capita, Cuba stood at the eleventh position in the world.
Havana was then what Las Vegas has become – Louis Perez, historian
Interesting Facts about Cuba
- In the Caribbean region, Cuba is the biggest of all islands.
- It ranks second among the most populous islands of the Caribbean.
- In 2008, Cuba ranked second in the world after China that had sent highest number of journalists to prison.
- Isla de la Juventud ranks second among the largest islands of Cuba. In English, it is known as ‘Island of Youth’. It ranks seventh among the largest islands of West Indies. It is the largest island of Canarreos Archipelago, which consists of 350 small islands. Until 1978, this island was known as Isle of Pines.
- Havana is the largest city of Cuba in terms of area. It is Caribbean’s third largest metropolitan city.
- The prison system of Cuba is one of the biggest in Latin America.
- According to area, Cuba ranks 17th among the largest islands in the world.
- Each resident of Cuba is given a ration book which allows him to buy certain amount of food every month. This book is known as libreta.
- Until 2008, 80 percent of the food in Cuba had to be imported.
- In 2011, nickel accounted for 21 percent of the total exports of Cuba. In this year, Cuba contributed 4 percent of the nickel produced in the world. Thus, it is the most important mineral resource of this country.
- The birth rates in Cuba are one of the lowest in Western hemisphere.
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Witchflower – Hebridean 2 Ply
Alice Starmore® Hebridean 2 Ply Yarn is made from premium quality pure new British wool, dyed in the fleece and skillfully blended into unique shades. It is hand-washed and dried in the Hebridean air, and supplied in hand-made skeins which may vary in weight. It is priced per 25g at standard conditions. All yarn is weighed to order on balances that are checked daily to ensure that you receive the correct total amount.
Witchflower is part of the Summer Isle range, which is inspired by the tiny Summer Islands in the mouth of Loch Broom.
Witchflower Colour Story
It is well-known that young women of the Highlands & Islands were constantly changing – or being changed – into swans, seals, hares and what have you, which frequently gave rise to them being shot, or some such tragedy. Believe that and you will believe anything – or maybe not, for as a child I would believe my bedtime stories for the duration of the telling. Here is such a temporarily believable tale from the south of Harris.
Long ago, on the rocky east coast of Harris, there lived a witch or what some would call a ban sith (pronounced ben-shee), or fairy woman. The magic of this witch was entirely for the good, which means it largely passed unnoticed, for while the folk of those times were all too quick to put adversity down to witchcraft, they would seldom realise that good fortune could be due to a similar cause. For example, the people of this rocky area, which was known as The Bays, had been "chased out" from their villages on the fair, sandy west coast with its fertile machair soil, for the absentee landlord of Harris wished to lease the best lands out to a wealthy mainland farmer for a greatly increased rent. When they arrived in The Bays the people despaired, for there were massive rocks everywhere, and nowhere was there a piece of tillable land larger than a tabletop. The witch, who had lived in The Bays for several centuries although she appeared no more than thirty years of age, placed spells of fertility on these tiny pockets of soil and made sure that they could produce enough oats to prevent starvation. She also placed the opposite of the evil eye upon their beasts so that milk and wool were always in plenty.
The eyes of this witch looked far from evil anyway, for they were a shade of blue that is only found in Tir Nan Og, or fairyland. Her plaids, which she spun and wove from her own sheep, were of strange colours also, for she knew of every plant that would yield a dye, and knew every rocky mountain crevice where the rarest plants grew. Wearing such plaids she could pass unseen beneath the very noses of the new arrivals, and often she would place spells of protection on the keels of their boats when they were upturned for the sabbath. Thus, their boats never struck rock or foundered in adverse seas.
Such constant care and vigilance took its toll upon the witch, and she began to grow tired. Every now and then she would have to sleep long and deeply.
The new settlers had no notion of the work being done on their behalf, and simply thought that fortune had smiled on them. The one thing "fortune" could not provide was land deep enough for them to bury their dead, for there was a limit to the witch's powers and she could not move the very rocks beneath her feet. Nor could she prevent the lives of others from running their natural allotted span, and soon burials did indeed have to take place. The villagers sent a deputation to plead with the Factor, as the landlord's business representative was called. He treated them as he always did – with the utmost disdain – but allowed them to continue using their old ancestral graveyard back over on the west side. In order to reach it however, the coffin had to be carried up from The Bays, over a rocky bealach, or saddle between two mountains, overlooked by a sheer crag called Creag an Eòin, or Crag of the Bird. The funeral procession had to be well fortified with drams in order to make the ascent. The coffin had to change hands many times and many stops were made. At each resting place, a cairn of loose stones was built, and these cairns would be added to on future processions (today, they are higher than a man). Once the pass was reached however, the journey was all downhill, and the hearts of the displaced villagers would lighten as they caught sight of the first flash of Atlantic aquamarine behind their old fertile machair lands. Then they would remember the extent of their loss and their tears would flow.
Because of the witch however, their tears did not flow as often as they might. At that time, there was a common fever of the new-born that was called the Five Night Sickness, for it peaked on the fifth night and no infant ever recovered from it. There were no physicians willing to treat the people of The Bays, and even if they had been, they would have been baffled by the sickness. The witch kept extra vigilance at the time of a woman's confinement, and by use of herbal charms called lusragan, she kept the Five Night Sickness away from their doors. This left her especially exhausted, and if there were several babies born one after the other, she was sometimes in a deep sleep when needed. Thus, infants were sometimes lost, but nowhere near as many as might have been. On such occasions, the witch would follow the procession up to the pass, hidden in her plaids of many strange colours. Her tears would flow along with those of the settlers, for she would weep with them and weep for her own failure. Wherever her tears landed, a small flower would grow that bloomed the same colour as her eyes. It grew thickest near to where the resting-place cairns were built, for here the witch would stand off to one side and weep silently. There were those perceptive enough to recognise the flowers as a sign of good. Such far-sighted folk would occasionally catch glimpses of the witch's strange eyes and shifting plaid as she moved about the mountainsides. It was these folk who named the blue-flowered plant lus nam ban sith, or Witchflower. The devil seethed with anger, and being fearful that the plant may have healing properties, tried to destroy it by taking bites out of the roots, which gave rise to its other name of Devil's Bit Scabious. In those parts of Gaeldom that did not have such a positive view of witchcraft, the term lus nam ban sith was applied to Foxglove, or digitalis. However, I think the good variant deserves a place on my mythical Summer Isle, so here it is … a spectacular blend of intense blues called Witchflower.
It is further told that the witch fell in love and crossed the boundary of her territory, thus casting aside her immortality. She is said to have lived a happy mortal life thereafter, but that – as they say – is another story.
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Potatoes are such a versatile vegetable that you can make them everyday into a different form and still never get bored of it. From being part of a medley of vegetables to becoming a stand alone dish, potatoes are present in everyone’s pantry for sure. Really, can any vegetable take its place of versatility and need? Nope! Aloo kachalu is the king of all vegetables… especially in Indian cooking.
In this recipe, aloo is our star along with some ghee and spices. And what a 5 star dish it becomes!
The interesting thing about this dish is that the boiled potatoes are roasted on a tawa (a flat round utensil) instead of a saucepan. What it does is, makes more space for the potatoes to spread out and cook flat, thus roasting them from all sides evenly. A tawa is a utensil all indian kitchens possess for making rotis and other breads.
The recipe is simple and yet the dish is stunning. I often munch off half of it while making it. 😛
1. Potatoes – 3-4 medium
2. Clarified butter (Ghee) – 3 tbsp
3. Cumin seeds (Jeera seeds)- 1 tsp
4. Asafoetida (Hing) – a big pinch
5. Cumin powder (Jeera powder) – 1 tsp
6. Turmeric powder (Haldi) – 1/4th tsp
7. Red chilli powder – 1/4 th tsp
8. Dried Mint leaves – 1 tsp, crushed to a powder
9. Salt – 1 tsp or to taste
1. Boil the potatoes in a pressure cooker. Place the potatoes to a pressure cooker and add sufficient water. Let it whistle for a couple of times, until you know the potatoes are soft and cooked through.
2. Once the potatoes are boiled, peel and chop them roughly into cubes.
3. Heat the clarified butter in a tawa. Once the ghee is smokey hot, gently drop in the cubed potatoes. spread them out on the tawa and turn them around to roast from all sides.
4. Mix in the masalas – cumin powder (jeera powder), turmeric powder (haldi), red chilli powder, dried mint leaves and salt.
5. Now reduce the heat/flame to low and roast the potatoes, tossing occasionally, for 20-25 minutes. Scrape bits of potatoes that stick to the tawa. They are very crispy bits and lend a crunchy texture to the dish.
6. Once done, remove from tawa and serve with roti, dal and raita. This potato vegetable also goes well with butter garlic naan.
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Models for Parallel Computation in Multi-Core, Heterogeneous, and Ultra Wide-Word Architectures
MetadataShow full item record
Multi-core processors have become the dominant processor architecture with 2, 4, and 8 cores on a chip being widely available and an increasing number of cores predicted for the future. In addition, the decreasing costs and increasing programmability of Graphic Processing Units (GPUs) have made these an accessible source of parallel processing power in general purpose computing. Among the many research challenges that this scenario has raised are the fundamental problems related to theoretical modeling of computation in these architectures. In this thesis we study several aspects of computation in modern parallel architectures, from modeling of computation in multi-cores and heterogeneous platforms, to multi-core cache management strategies, through the proposal of an architecture that exploits bit-parallelism on thousands of bits. Observing that in practice multi-cores have a small number of cores, we propose a model for low-degree parallelism for these architectures. We argue that assuming a small number of processors (logarithmic in a problem's input size) simplifies the design of parallel algorithms. We show that in this model a large class of divide-and-conquer and dynamic programming algorithms can be parallelized with simple modifications to sequential programs, while achieving optimal parallel speedups. We further explore low-degree-parallelism in computation, providing evidence of fundamental differences in practice and theory between systems with a sublinear and linear number of processors, and suggesting a sharp theoretical gap between the classes of problems that are efficiently parallelizable in each case. Efficient strategies to manage shared caches play a crucial role in multi-core performance. We propose a model for paging in multi-core shared caches, which extends classical paging to a setting in which several threads share the cache. We show that in this setting traditional cache management policies perform poorly, and that any effective strategy must partition the cache among threads, with a partition that adapts dynamically to the demands of each thread. Inspired by the shared cache setting, we introduce the minimum cache usage problem, an extension to classical sequential paging in which algorithms must account for the amount of cache they use. This cache-aware model seeks algorithms with good performance in terms of faults and the amount of cache used, and has applications in energy efficient caching and in shared cache scenarios. The wide availability of GPUs has added to the parallel power of multi-cores, however, most applications underutilize the available resources. We propose a model for hybrid computation in heterogeneous systems with multi-cores and GPU, and describe strategies for generic parallelization and efficient scheduling of a large class of divide-and-conquer algorithms. Lastly, we introduce the Ultra-Wide Word architecture and model, an extension of the word-RAM model, that allows for constant time operations on thousands of bits in parallel. We show that a large class of existing algorithms can be implemented in the Ultra-Wide Word model, achieving speedups comparable to those of multi-threaded computations, while avoiding the more difficult aspects of parallel programming.
Cite this version of the work
Alejandro Salinger (2013). Models for Parallel Computation in Multi-Core, Heterogeneous, and Ultra Wide-Word Architectures. UWSpace. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/7457
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I’m being bullied!
Those three words every parent dreads hearing
This is a serious situation that needs to be handled quickly and sensitively. Sam Maclaren, a modern languages teacher at Dubai College, says, ‘Sometimes, when it’s not physical, children don’t even realise that what’s happening to them constitutes bullying. If your child has told you about what’s happening, you’ve won half the battle. You should inform your child’s teacher straight away – then they can do their best to nip it in the bud.’
She adds, ‘How the teacher would deal with the situation depends on the child. We would certainly assure them that the matter would be treated as confidential. In our school, and I’m sure this applies to most others, we have a zero tolerance policy on bullying. It’s simply not acceptable.’ But aren’t a lot of kids scared of telling anyone in case it makes matters worse? ‘As a parent, you need to tell them that if they keep quiet, it will only keep happening,’ says Sam. ‘In cases of verbal bullying, the teachers in our school wouldn’t go straight to the bully and confront them – we’d inform our colleagues and, as a team, observe the situation, so that we could get a more informed understanding of what was going on. Of course, if it was physical bullying, things would be different as that is potentially dangerous. Until you know what the situation is, you don’t know how you can help. Sometimes, just having a group discussion can resolve things; other times it takes individual talks. Every situation is unique.’
For older children though, simply informing the teacher and their parents may not always be enough. ‘Bullies seek out vulnerable classmates because they enjoy getting a reaction from the teasing process,’ says Clement Milne, a UAE-based parent educator. ‘Unfortunately, sometimes informing the right adults won’t always stop the bullying, and when this happens, we have to focus on the victim’s behaviour to minimise the likelihood of bullying re-occurring. He advises parents talk to their children, and even role play through certain scenarios with their child, so that if they have to stand up the bully, they can do so with confidence.
He adds that parents can help their children avoid this very distressing situation, by helping them to be more socially aware. ‘All too often, bullying doesn’t get resolved, and this is often because the bully’s parents can’t modify their child’s behaviour to make it more socially acceptable. When this happens, the victim can often end up having to change schools to stop the problem. This then leads to them having even lower self esteem than before. It’s a vicious downwards spiral, because they then become even more vulnerable to bullying types.’
For more help and advice with bullying issues, visit; www.bullying.org; www.stopbullying.gov; www.stopbullyingnow.com; www.bullying.co.uk
Time Out Dubai,
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Posted By: Niki Payne Date: 02-28-2018 Comments: 1
Authenticity is overrated. If you have to try to be authentic, then you already aren’t being authentic. Authenticity means being able to express yourself in away that doesn’t compromise your values or beliefs. It also means being able to recognize where in your life you may be inauthentic and having the courage to own up to it. Being authentic is all about stay true to yourself, and this means ALL of yourselves based on the different roles you play in life.
The hardest part about authenticity is accepting the possible consequences of being authentic. For example, at what point do you draw the line between authenticity and professionalism? Do you sacrifice authenticity for the sake of professionalism or do you stay true to yourself at the risk of losing your job? In the context of dating, there’s the possibility of hurting someone’s feelings, upsetting someone, making someone feel uncomfortable or even losing someone’s love and respect. All this to say that being authentic doesn’t have to be so complicated if you follow five essential steps for being a truly authentic dater.
Get present in the moment. The easiest way to help you get present is to draw your attention to the rise and fall of your breath as you inhale and exhale. Alternatively, you can place your hand over your heart and draw your attention to the beating of your heart as you breathe. Science has shown that when you focus on your breathing, it helps slow down your central nervous system and keeps you out of fight/flight mode so you can act rationally versus irrationally.
Own your experience. Once you’re fully present in the moment, notice what physical sensations are occurring in your physical body. Become aware of what thoughts are coming up for you and notice which thoughts trigger a physical reaction or carry an emotional charge. Allow yourself to be feel whatever it is you feel both emotionally and physically as you facilitate the alignment of your heart and mind through this process of fully owning what’s happening within you.
Ask good questions. The quality of your life is dictated by the quality of the questions you ask yourself. However, not all questions are created equal. Some questions are limiting in nature while others are far more empowering. Get curious about your experience and ask questions that are designed to help you find solutions rather than perpetuate the problem. If you keep asking yourself, “Why me?” you’re going to keep getting the same results until you find the answer for yourself. However, if you ask yourself a different question, like “What can I learn from this?” then you will not only get a different set of answers, but new possibilities will start to emerge as well. As your questions get better, so too will your life.
Listen with your heart. Stop overthinking things and just listen. Be present and listen without fear or judgement. Listen with an open mind. The answers are there, but only if you ask yourself the right questions and choose to be tuned into what truths your heart is trying to tell you through whatever it is that you are experiencing. Take comfort in knowing there is an opportunity for growth and wisdom in this very moment in time. Every interaction in life is a moment of self-exploration and personal discovery, as I always like to say. Embrace it.
Share your truth with compassion. No matter how ugly, awkward, scary or painful your truth may be, the mere expression of it shall set you free. However, have compassion for the person or people with whom you are sharing your truth. Be mindful of how it may land, and acknowledge your positive intention as you’re speaking your truth out loud. Accept responsibility for how your truth may affect others.
Authenticity is overrated, but only to those who make it a daily practice. Authenticity may be overrated, but it’s definitely not undervalued. People have a tendency to respect you more when you know how to be authentic. So do yourself and everyone around you a favor and KEEP IT REAL.
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The busyness of modern lifestyle can be significantly harming to the sexual desire (appetite regarding sex). Most people return home from the grilling time from work too tired to indulge in sex. Even almost all young men are usually flagging. However , medical related professionals recommend several testosterone and aphrodisiac meals that help to raise sperm count and sexual efficiency regarding guys. These libido enhancing meals are also natural enhancement efficiency for both guys and females.
- Banana: this particular is a single the testosterone foods that raise male libido and sex drive. It is suggested that banana keeps an enzyme which, when ingested, enhance masculine lovemaking efficiency. Banana boosts energy immediately and energizes body. The nutrients are supplied by it required for sperm production. Banana also reduces hypertonie and provides minerals needed for your growth of healthy sperm
- Plantain: unripe plantain cooked or roasted provides happen to be verified within the decades to induce, sustain and preserve erection. It helps to make semen thick and boosts sperm volume also. Raw plantain is treasure house of minerals and vitamins. These types of are needed to boost healthy sperm depend.
- Guava: when the leaves of guava plant is usually boiled or squashed to remove the liquid articles. This liquid articles when ingested helps to raise male libido. Guava is rich in vitamin zinc and D. These two nutrients play a business lead function in helping the healthy sperm creation.
- Ginseng: it stimulates sperm atogenesis ( boosts sperm count ), encourages sexual glands (both masculine and female ) and boosts junk creation, it boosts lovemaking efficiency, improving both regularity and quality of masculine erection, and marketing female genital organ excitation. Ginseng boosts male virility and boosts quality of sperms. It improves sperm count also
- Refreshing Fish: this particular is one more normal sexual desire enhancing foods. It also helps to raise sexual ability.
- Ova: this particular is the natural sexual desire enhancer especially when taken uncooked. It boosts semen thickness and sperm volume naturally.
- Carrot: it provides also happen to be thought to market sexual excitement. This may be owing to its high articles of vitamins A, C and E. It also helps in detoxifying the liver hence ensuring correct blood movement and distribution of essential nutrients to the sexual organs. It is believed to stabilize the functions of the sex hormones also. Carrots along with schedules help to improve sperm count. Carrot and schedules salad is an extremely healthy dish for guys ,
- Dark chocolate: the consummate aphrodisiac, dark chocolate is perhaps the very best foods for love. Regarding generations it provides happen to be respected to have qualities, which boosts sexual urge for food. In reality, chocolate had been banned in some monasteries the few generations ago. Today, such as the recent, Valentine Day is usually celebrated with gifts of dark chocolate, observing its popularity since part of wooing a fan.
- Oysters: are possibly the best identified aphrodisiac and testosterone foods. This mollusk is thought to resemble the female private part. It helps improve sperm count and enhance lovemaking ability in guys.
- Walnut: it decreases the level of cholesterol in the blood; enhance energy and boosts sperm count and quality of spermatozoids ( raise sperm volume, enhance sperm mobility, raise sperm thickness and raise sperm count ). A lot of researches have taken about goodness of walnut in bettering masculine fertility. Scientists opine that eating 10-12 walnuts help to improve sperm count perday.
Certainly, by today, in case you are looking for enhance sperm ideas, they have been found by you in these testosterone foods that are mentioned above. They assist as natural sexual malfunction treatments also .
Check more about Vidarikand, Tribulus Terrestris Capsules India, Vajikarana herbs, Garcinia Capsules and the advantages of these ayurvedic medicines. Don’t forget to get information related to Ocimum Sanctum, Horse gram, how to make Tulsi Tea and how to reduce obesity. Also, check out Ayurvedic treatment for Infertility, Vajikarana therapy, Home remedies for Erectile Dysfunction, Azoospermia treatment in Ayurveda and about solution of other men health issues.
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Published abril 26, 2020
Make My Essay Personally Services sen-perfect.com
A parlement in France was a provincial appellate courtroom . They have been not legislative bodies but consisted of appellate judges.
The parlements were the spearheads of the nobility’s resistance to royal reforms and they prevented any reform in taxation which would include the nobility. The extravagant expenditure on luxuries , initially by Louis XV and then by Louis XVI, compounded the economic cris i s struggling with the country and was just one of the principal good reasons guiding the revolution. For instance, the building and reworking of the Palace of Versailles all over the 17th and 18th hundreds of years incurred a big expense to the place.
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These massive expenditures by the French monarchy induced dissatisfaction among the the folks who commenced to view its leaders as wasteful when they endured due to essay writer service the very poor financial condition of the country. This in convert led to national unrest and finally the Revolution. Research subjects exist in pretty much all phases of a student’s lifetime. They are not like other available essays because they deal with employing facts to describe distinctive conditions. They also occur with the a variety of set of means to be certain that you have your facts appropriate.
Analysis Papers Writing Solutions from Certified Professionals
Don’t forget to base your complete investigation paper on the conclusions got from all the associated assets. We’ve come up with some attention-grabbing essay subjects dealing with investigate.
Also, we’ve taken this important option to categorize them in different sections. Why is biogas better than natural fuel? How did mining technological innovations lead to the discovery of oil in the middle east? How has technological innovation been used to bring down sitting down presidents from across the globe? How do standard men and women impact the whole technological method? Which enhancements have we made in producing human-like robots? How has enhanced technological innovation united the globe? How can you get an on the web job nowadays? Why is https://at.blogs.wm.edu/infographics-as-alternatives-to-traditional-writing-assignments-what-why-and-how/ social media the largest products and solutions promoting internet site nowadays? How can we use unique systems to store details? How can we explain the foreseeable future of the internet?How have the changes in local climate afflicted our life around the previous 30 yrs? What steps ought to we place in area to protect ourselves from worldwide warming? World-wide warming is influencing vegetation in different adverse strategies Strategies to place in area when faced with a increasing crop condition How to get rid of aphids and locust invasions? Planning for occurring pure calamities in some needed methods How can we accumulate harmless consuming drinking water nowadays? Why should we use clear water to clean and prepare dinner? Effortless actions on how we can shield our endangered species Good reasons why we want to prevent utilizing asbestos!Why is the constitution critical in any democratic nation? Role of the judiciary in making certain equality and justice Why should exact same-intercourse partners be secured by a country’s constitution? Why is abortion handled with so significantly contempt in russia? What authorized loopholes produced it feasible for the united kingdom exit the european union? Which are some of the legislation which guard from slavery and slave trade? How can we guarantee that our sovereign will is often protected? Why mom and dad are held liable by the structure if they you should not take their small children to school Which is the key purpose powering the legalization of marijuana? Is it fair to punish persons for committing sexual offenses?Ways in which you can make your tiny business mature in reputation How are modern day day corporations fairing as in contrast to regular start-ups? Must we carry on working with social media to market our items? How has Amazon contributed to elevated production and income? Why is multi-tasking not a useful system of operating? Why is it important for large businesses to promote their products on the internet? How has the internet contributed to the escalating circumstances of enterprise fraud? Results of taxation on each modest and large sized companies Right here are smaller minimal wage expenses that will shock you! Why should really we punish sexual harassment criminals in the work location?
How has the present-day german chancellor transformed europe? What are the treatments of impeaching a president in a genuine democracy these as the united states? What are some of the classes drawn from the outcomes of the 1 st and two nd planet wars? How can we shield the entire world from racism? Which countries are secretly supporting world terrorism? How do refugees have an impact on the security of a nation? Uniting south and north korea will choose time: real or phony? How did president barrack obama modify the point out of health in the united states? Solutions which different governments use to control the media Exploring the rigidity among north korea and the united states.
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Good health is an invaluable asset. It’s not just because a healthy weight is aesthetically appealing, but also because it indicates self-control, discipline, and dedication. Unfortunately, misleading information, insufficient knowledge, and people purposely lying to their fellow humans have confused us which road to take to achieve the body we’ve always dreamt about.
Aside from exercise, proper diet is also one of the essential steps to see the figure that you have always wanted to see when you step on the scale. One thing, however, that people always think when they hear the word “diet” is to eat less when it is not. You can eat all the favorite foods you want, sate your hunger, satisfy your cravings, but still, stay on track. It’s not about eating less; it’s about eating right. That’s what diet is.
With hundreds of diet fads being promoted, people striving to be fit, if they don’t end up getting the opposite results, get confused and discouraged. Currently, five of the most popular diets right now are ketogenic, paleo, whole30, vegan and vegetarian, and the MIND diet. Let’s break them down one-by-one.
The ketogenic diet is probably one of the most popular diets out there. The idea behind this diet is to induce the kidneys into producing ketones (where this form of diet got its name from), by the state of ketosis. Simply put, you go into a low-carb, high-fat diet. Since insulin level is directly related to carb intake, lower carbohydrate intake equates to lower insulin levels. The body then uses the water stored within the fat cells to be burned as fuels for there is very little to no carbs to burn. One reason why most people fail at this diet is that they cannot keep it up. Results can vary depending on the individual. Someone may concentrate, sleep, and lose weight better, while the other, also consuming the same diet may experience the exact opposite.
The next one is the paleo diet, with the idea coming from the Paleolithic era where people used to eat vegetables, meat, fruits, and healthy oils. This eliminates grains, sugars, dairy, sugars, and all processed foods—the culprits of weight gain. People did this by going back to the old way humans eat to achieve better nutrition and health, which is the essence of any diet in the first place. This promotes better hydration levels, lowers body fat percentage, increases bone density, and promotes muscle growth.
In our bucket list also comes the Whole30 diet. The “30” at the end of what they call this diet stands for 30 days. But 30 days of what? Eliminate foods that cause inflammation, and instead, eating foods from their sources or “whole” foods. The catch about this is to “reset” the body and rid it of any toxicity.
Also comes the vegan and vegetarian diet. To simplify things, both the vegan and vegetarian diet abstain from “all animal protein,” but vegetarians eat anything except meat and seafood, while vegans only stick to plant-based sources so they avoid milk since milk comes from cows. The main purpose of this type of diet is health; such as reducing the risk of diabetes and heart diseases. But who wouldn’t love its other objectives such as maintaining ideal body weight and a fit body? Additionally, this diet promotes the proper treatment of animals.
And the last but not the least is the Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay or MIND diet. The key here is eating similar to the Mediterranean: fruits, whole grains, low-fat and high in protein. Paired with reducing sugar intake, this is one of the best diets for weight loss. Fans of this diet dub this as “brain-healthy” that’s why it suits its acronym. This kind of diet also reduces the risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease.
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What is Permaculture?
Adapted from Toby Hemenway’s Article, What Permaculture Isn’t – and Is:
Permaculture is a design approach to arrive at solutions.
In more concrete terms, permaculture tells how to choose from a dauntingly large toolkit—all the human technologies and strategies for living—to solve the new problem of sustainability.
It is an instruction manual for solving the challenges laid out by the new paradigm of meeting human needs while enhancing ecosystem health.
The relationship explicitly spelled out in that view, which connects humans to the larger, dynamic environment, forces us to think in relational terms, which is a key element of permaculture. The two sides of the relationship are explicitly named in two permaculture ethics: care for the Earth, and care for people.
The task set out by permaculture is to meet our needs (including food, shelter, water, waste recycling, energy, community, health, justice, and livelihood) while preserving ecosystem health.
Some background information & additional resources:
In the mid 1970s, Australian University Professor Bill Mollison and his grad student David Holmgren started to develop ideas about stable agricultural systems. This was in response to the rapid growth of destructive industrial-agricultural methods. They saw that these methods were poisoning the land and water, reducing biodiversity, and removing billions of tons of topsoil from previously fertile landscapes. They announced their “permaculture” approach with the publication of Permaculture One in 1978.
The term permaculture initially meant “permanent agriculture” but was quickly expanded to also stand for “permanent culture” as it was seen that social aspects were integral to a truly sustainable system. To find out about the roots of Permaculture, get hold of a copy of Permaculture One, Mollison and Holmgren, 1978.
There have since been numerous other authors who have tackled the subject. Some favourite books include:
- Permaculture: A Designer’s Manual, Bill Mollison, 1988
- Introduction to Permaculture, Bill Mollision, 1991
- Earth User’s Guide to Permaculture, Rosemary Morrow, 1994
- The Basics of Permaculture Design, Ross Mars, 1996
- Gaia’s Garden: A Guide to Home-Scale Permaculture, Toby Hemenway, 2000
- Permaculture: Principles & Pathways Beyond Sustainability, David Holmgren, 2003
- Edible Forest Gardens, Volume 1: Ecological Vision and Theory for Temperate Climate Permaculture, by Dave Jacke
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In 2000, Craig Ventner, Head of Celera Genomics and a lead scientist in the Human Genome Project, declared that "race is a social concept, not a scientific one," based on an analysis of the genomes of five people.
Of course, his proclamation did little to remove perceptions of racial difference from society, and in fact, some argue, the genetic analysis of race has sparked a new form of racial politics in America.
“The Politics of Biology and Race in the 21st Century,” a Matrix-funded seminar, is examining the question of whether biotechnologies have not overcome, but rather have reinforced the concept of race as a biological category. The seminar is drawing upon theories and methods from both ethnic studies and public health, two traditionally disconnected fields of study in which race and racism are frequently discussed.
“Contrary to popular belief, race has become the center of political inquiry, albeit genetically,” explained Tala Khanmalek, a Ph.D. candidate in the Ethnic Studies Department, in her proposal for the seminar. “The hope is that this collaboration will lead to a critical intervention in biopolitics, both theoretically and practically…. Ethnic Studies offers qualitative theories of race and racism as a social formation that intersects with other axes of difference such as gender and sexuality. Public Health offers quantitative methods of measuring determinants of health and analyzing data.”
Beyond genomics, the seminar may also explore questions related to social inequalities, state intervention, criminalization, and surveillance. Among the questions to be raised:
- How can race-based genetic variation continue to determine race as a scientific truth, without the stigma of racism?
- How does the renewed relationship between race and biology provide a modern mechanism for maintaining the “racial order”?
- How does the new racial politics neutralize science and elide the material impacts of racism in society?
- How can we advance an anti-racist method of study in Public Health that relates racial disparities to social inequalities, rather than biological difference?
The seminar is bringing together graduate students and faculty from the UC Berkeley Department of Ethnic Studies and the School of Public Health. Among the other researchers expected to participate are Keith Feldman, Professor, Department of Ethnic Studies; Mahasin Mujahid, Professor, Department of Epidemiology; Irene Headen, Graduate Student, Department of Epidemiology; and Emon Elboudwarej, a Graduate Student from the Department of Epidemiology.
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This is a quick follow-up to my other post on fat cells, which as it happens, isn’t the only obesity-related story out today. Another paper found a common genetic variant that increases the risk of obesity in its carriers.
A huge team of researchers scoured the genomes of almost 17,000 European people for genetic variations that are linked to obesity. Until now, only one has been found and it sits within a gene called FTO. This new study confirmed that FTO variants have the strongest association with obesity, but in the runner-up position is another variant near a gene called melanocortin-4 receptor or MC4R.
Given that this new variant isn’t actually within the gene itself, it most likely affects the risk of obesity by changing how MC4R is controlled. This isn’t the first time that MC4R has been linked to obesity. It’s involved in controlling appetite and metabolism, and people with rarer mutations in the gene itself become severely obese at an early age. The new variant has much less dramatic effects, but it’s also much more common. In fact, 81% of people carry at least one risky variant at either FTO or MC4R.
Despite their widespread nature, the effects of these risky variants are very modest and their location can only be revealed by very large collaborative studies like this one. For example, each copy of the new MC4R-associated variant typically increases a person’s BMI by a mere 0.2 units, although the researchers found that each copy also increases the risk of being severely obese by 31%. It’s almost certain that a whole slew of variants like these influence the large variations in bodyweight in modern populations.
Whenever an obesity-related gene or variant is identified, the reactions from both the press and the public are often more interesting than the results themselves. I’ve written about this in a previous post on FTO, and since many of the same lessons are applicable to this new study, I’m going to partially repost what I wrote at the time.
To many people, the discovery of an “obesity gene” is yet another way for obese people to brush off the burden of responsibility from their shoulders. After all, they say, obesity is just a matter of eating healthily and exercising regularly. To go beyond this is to over-complicate a simple lack of willpower. And where exactly was this gene in post-war Britain when obesity levels were much lower?
This attitude couldn’t be more wrong or more unhelpful, and many of these complaints misunderstand the nature of obesity-related genes. It is clear that obesity has some genetic basis, but no researcher worth their salt would imagine that a single gene dictates whether a person becomes obese or not. Obesity-related genes are likely to work through much more delicate ways, by affecting our metabolism or the way we lay down fat.
But subtlest of all are genes that affect our very behaviour. These inherited influences could make individuals more responsive to the smells or sights of food. They could make the brain less responsive to signals from the gut that say, “I’m full.” They could give people a strong innate preference for the chemicals that give fatty foods their taste.
These subtle effects only become apparent when food is plentiful. When supplies are more modest, say post-war Britain, variations in such genes across a population wouldn’t have much effect. But in the 21st century, a combo of widely available, cheap junk food and sedentary jobs or pastimes make it easy to eat lots and do little. In this environment, small genetic differences that affect how people react to food or activity can have massive effects.
This is a case of nature via nurture; of genes and environment interacting with each other to affect our behaviour. Obese people are likely to carry around a large range of genetic variants that alter their behaviour in ways that leave them very vulnerable in a world where obesity is just around the corner.
Obesity then, is a complex disease with many underlying causes, some of which are genetic. And because of this, throwing words like ‘self-discipline’ and ‘laziness’ about with cavalier abandon does nothing for the obesity debate or for obese people themselves.
Is the combination of genes and environment an excuse for obesity? Hardly. But it does go some way toward explaining it, which is more than an accusation of faulty willpower will do. Scientists hope that understanding the genetics of obesity may herald new treatments, but this is a hope for the future. For the present, very little actually changes for obese and overweight people.
To overcome the effects of genes and environment, they must still make lifestyle choices. The old maxim of “eat well, be active” still applies. The real benefit of these discoveries would be a change in the attitudes of everyone else, from damning to supportive and from accusatory to understanding.
Now enough lecturing, here’s a little game. I’m writing this post before the story’s embargo breaks and at this minute, other journalists are probably doing the same thing. The story may not get covered at all but if it is, there’s a very good chance that the medley of headlines will betray a fundamental misunderstanding of the nature of genetics. So, let’s play a headline bingo. If the story does make it into tomorrow’s papers, see if you can spot any of the following phrases:
- Obesity being described as “in the genes”
- “The gene that makes you fat” or anything equally deterministic
- “Scientists discover fat gene” or anything suggesting this is the first time this has happened
- Any use of “It’s official!” or “Proof” or anything that suggests that replication is for wusses
Reference: Loos, R.J., et al. (2008). Common variants near MC4R are associated with fat mass, weight and risk of obesity. Nature Genetics DOI: 10.1038/ng.140
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Jumping for joy with Jamie?
The chancellor’s decision to levy a special tax on sugary drinks is a welcome move, and one which will please many. Healthcare professionals will be jumping for joy along with Jamie Oliver who “just happened” to be passing Westminster on the day of the budget. With approximately 30% of all children in the UK now overweight or obese, the Academy of Royal Medical Colleges has been calling for fiscal action for several years. And the government’s intended re-investment of this proposed £520 million sum back into increasing exercise and activity levels among school children…..well, what’s not to like.?
The problem is that this seeming political no-brainer, with its over-selective execution doesn’t go far enough. Why just soft drinks? As a nation, we have a sugar addiction which is driving a burgeoning increase in chronic illnesses related to obesity , such as type 2 diabetes. The British Dental Association now lists tooth decay as the number one reason for hospital admission among young children, with a 10% increase in hospital-based extractions in the past 4 years. The new sugar tax could well demonstrate its adherence to the law of unintended consequences over time. Instead of addressing the nation’s sweet tooth, the drive may well be towards unlimited consumption of soft drinks containing artificial sweeteners and a switch to alternative, sugary foods currently unaffected by the tax. According to the Institute for Fiscal Studies, a mere 1/5th of sugar consumption derives from soft drinks.
The European Food Safety Authority has undertaken a rigorous review of artificial sweeteners such as aspartame and saccharin and concluded that they are safe for human consumption at usual levels of exposure (apart from individuals with metabolic disorders such as PKU), a position which is endorsed by the NHS on their website. Nonetheless, there is evidence to suggest that consumption of diet and artificially sweetened soft drinks may actually be linked with increased obesity and data suggests that individuals who consume these regularly end up weighing more and being in worse health. The reasons are not entirely clear, but may include metabolic disturbances and tricking the body to expect a calorific hit, thereby driving appetite. A recent meta-analysis published in he BMJ produced summary evidence that habitual consumption of sugar sweetened beverages, artificially sweetened beverages, and fruit juice was prospectively associated with type 2 diabetes, independently of being overweight.
“Big Mac and Diet Coke please”
The fact that artificial sweeteners are 200 times sweeter than sugar, and may fuel an ongoing craving for sweet satisfaction should concern us. Add to this the “Big Mac and Diet Coke” phenomenon where consumers display cognitive dissonance in their food choices, often compensating for foods that are seen as calorie-free by over-indulging on high calorie treats with little or no nutritional value. And we’re completely missing the point if we only tax the sugar containing drinks. Sugar is not the only culprit in tooth decay, enamel is also destroyed by the acid in carbonated drinks, even sugar-free varieties. If we want to “Keep Britain’s Children Smiling Sweetly”, as proposed by the British Dental Association, we need to limit the enamel erosion from all acidic fizzy drinks.
Likely to go flat
Whilst this is a step in the right direction, Mr Osborne, I’m not jumping quite as high as Jamie as this is too tentative and too slow to make any serious impact. Economists generally agree that government intervention, including taxation, is justified when the market fails to provide the right outcome for society’s well-being. With healthcare costs rising exponentially, we need more comprehensive and robust population-based measures which fuel healthy choices, and ensure that appropriate switches are made towards food and drinks with real nutritional value, avoiding the mixed messages communicated by the cane of the sugar tax, and empowering the UK to make positive and informed choices, and kick its habit! How about a fruit and vegetable subsidy? Or would that be a carrot too far….?
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Alkanes (Paraffins), Methane and Nomenclature of organic compounds
Alkanes are open chain aliphatic hydrocarbons in which the carbon atoms are combined together with a single bond of sigma type, They are saturated, Methane is the first member, It is considered as the simplest organic compound, The world paraffin is a Latin word which means unreactive.
They are saturated open chain Aliphatic Hydrocarbons (Paraffins), They have mono covalent bonds between C atoms, Their reactions by replacement, All alkanes are characterized by the general formula (CnH2n+2), where (n) is the number of carbon atoms, Total number of atoms = 3n+2.
Alkanes are relatively chemically inactive because the carbon atoms are combined together by a single bond called sigma bond which is strong and difficult to be broken, Each compound exceeds the previous one by (– CH2) methylene group, Fractional distillation is a method which is used to separate alkanes from each other in petroleum ore.
Alkanes are ended by the suffix (ane) that means that the compound is belonging to (alkanes chain), the prefix of the name indicates the number of carbon atoms in the molecule, for example, the prefix Meth = 1, Eth = 2, Prop = 3, But = 4, Pent = 5 and so on, Alkanes are from a homologous series.
Homologous series are compounds that have the same general molecular formula, chemical properties, graduated physical properties and each compound exceeds the previous one by (– CH2) group, such as Alkanes, Alkenes and Alkynes.
Radical is an organic atomic group which can’t be found alone but it must be connected with another element or group, The aryl radical (Ar) is radical which is produced by removing one hydrogen atom from the aromatic compounds, When a hydrogen atom is removed from benzene, the radical produced is called phenyl radical (C6H5–).
The Alkyl Radical (R–) is an organic group which does not found alone, It is derived from the corresponding alkane by removing one hydrogen atom, Alkyl radicals are given the symbol “R”, Their general formula is (CnH2n+1), Its name is derived from the corresponding alkane by replacing the suffix (ane) by (yl), such as Methyl (CH3), Ethyl (C2H5 ), Propyl (C3H7) and Butyl (C4H9).
Nomenclature of organic compounds
IUPAC system means International union of pure and applied chemistry, It is a method used for the nomenclature of organic compounds depending on the number of carbon atoms in the longest continuous carbon chain.
What is the difference between the common name and the IUPAC name of organic compounds?
- The common name: the nomenclature of the organic compounds depends on their sources in nature.
- The IUPAC: The nomenclature of the organic compounds follows the IUPAC which enables everyone to identify the precise of construction of this compound.
Nomenclature of Alkanes (IUPAC system)
Anciently alkanes were called paraffins (Common name), The name of the hydrocarbon is determined according to the longest continuous carbon chain which may be linear or branched, If the longest hydrocarbon chain free from any branches or side chain, the carbon atoms are given numbers from any side (left or right side).
If the longest hydrocarbon chain attached to an alkyl group or any other atoms except hydrogen, the numbering of carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon chain begins from the side which is nearer to the branch, the nomenclature begins by the number of the carbon atom from which the chain arises, then the name of the branch, and ending by the name of the alkane.
If the side is repeated in the hydrocarbon chain, we use prefix Di– or Tri– or Tetra– to indicate the number of repetition, If the branch is a halogen atom such as chlorine or bromine or a group such as Nitric NO2− , So its name is ended by the letter O, so we say chloro, bromo or nitro, If the side groups are different (alkyl group and halogens), the groups are arranged according to their alphabetical Latin names and the sum of numbers must be the lowest value.
Unsaturated compounds (double or triple bond)
Start numbering from the nearest side to the double bond or triple bond, If an alkyl radical is attached to an unsaturated hydrocarbon.
Methane is considered as the simplest organic compound forms about 50 – 90% of natural gas found under the earth’s crust or accompanied to crude petroleum, It is found in coal mines that may be exposed to an explosion as a result of its illumination.
Methane is sometimes called the gas of swamps because it goes out as bubbles from the bottom of these swamps as a result of decaying of the organic matters, It is found in atmospheric air (about 0,00022%).
It is believed that it was the main component of atmospheric air of earth, The atmospheric air was made of methane (CH4), ammonia (NH3), H2 and water vapour (reducing agents) but by the time, they exposed to UV , They reached and changed into O2 and N2 which change the atmosphere from reducing atmosphere to oxidizing atmosphere which helps in burning process.
Preparation of methane gas in the lab
Methane can be prepared in the lab, by dry distillation of anhydrous sodium acetate with soda lime (NaOH, CaO ), Soda Lime is a mixture of NaOH (caustic soda) and quicklime (CaO) which doesn’t take part in the reaction but it helps in reducing the melting points of the reaction mixture.
CH3COONa(s) + NaOH(s) → CH4 (g) + Na2CO3(s)
Dry distillation is a process which is used in the preparation of methane in the lab, The apparatus is free from air because the mixture of methane and air burn with explosion, Soda Lime is preferred than caustic soda to prepare methane by dry distillation of sodium acetate because CaO is used to decrease the melting point of sodium acetate and to absorb water vapour.
Properties of Methane
- It doesn’t remove the colour of bromine solution as it does not react by addition due to the absence of double bond (π).
- It is tasteless, colourless and odourless.
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