Datasets:

JamesConley
/

fineweb-sample-5.97B-512

text stringlengths 177 5.12k	token_count int64 45 512
Parent-Teacher Conferences: Tips for Teachers Conducting effective parent-teacher conferences can boost family involvement in your classroom and help promote positive outcomes for you, your students, and your school. A parent-teacher conference is a great opportunity to: - share academic progress and growth based on classroom observations, testing data, assessments, portfolios, and assignments - learn from parents or guardians so you can be better informed about students’ strengths, needs, behaviors, and learning styles - discuss enrichment or intervention strategies to support students’ learning - discuss issues that may be interfering with students’ learning and growth Parent-teacher conferences are usually once or twice a year at progress reporting periods. They are brief meetings, lasting about 10-30 minutes. Conferences are typically scheduled 1 to 2 months in advance. Some middle and high schools only request parent conferences to discuss problems. Most schools set aside specific dates and times for conferences, but if school schedules conflict with family schedules, it’s worth the effort to find a mutually convenient time, or even schedule a phone or video conference. Be mindful of special situations, such as divorced parents, single parents, or guardianships. Some divorced parents, for example, may prefer separate conferences. While the main focus of parent-teacher conferences should be learning, it’s also important to discuss factors that can affect learning, such as students’ behavioral and social development. Other topics might include standardized test results, individualized education programs (IEPs), 504 education plans, peer relationships, classroom behavior, motivation and work habits, as well as students’ strengths and challenges. School staff who support your students’ learning may attend the conference, too. An administrator might attend at your request, or the request of a parent or guardian. Some teachers like students to attend part of the meeting to show that parents and educators are both part of the instructional team. Here are a few tips on getting the most out of your conferences: Before the Conference Get informed. Make sure you’re familiar with your school’s or school district’s protocols on progress reports or report cards, grading policies, and any other student assessment tools. As you move through the conference, the report card or progress report can be a springboard for discussion and help guide you through the meeting. Also, have any local or state standardized tests results available to share, if possible. Make sure you know how the standardized testing data will be used to customize or differentiate instruction for students. Prepare your materials. Preparing materials well before the conference will make you feel more at ease when families show up at your classroom door. As you’re teaching during the school year, keep in mind which assessments will be shared and reported at conferences. Review student data, assignments and assessments that you’ll be sharing with parents, and make notes about what you’d like to ask parents about their children to support learning. In addition to progress reports, you may want to set aside separate conference folders with three to five student documents that support grades and progress, as well as any test results that are available. You can also prepare an outline or agenda for conferences and share them with parents so they know what to expect. Some teachers keep worksheets with strengths, needs, and social or behavioral notes to guide them through conferences. If you’ll be discussing any problems, make sure to have documentation, such as examples of misbehavior or missed assignments. Also, make sure to inform parents about any problems before the conference. If a parent knows about a concern before the conference, chances are you’ll both be better equipped to discuss possible solutions during the conference. Send informative invitations. Be sure to communicate the importance of attending conferences at back-to-school night and other parent forums, and let parents know that they are a critical part of their child’s instructional team. When you send home information about conference dates and times, give parents several meeting times to choose from. On the invitation, remind parents that they’ll be able to ask questions, because an effective parent-teacher conference is a two-way conversation about students. You might also want to remind parents to be respectful of other parents’ time, and be clear that time slots won’t be extended if parents arrive late. A week or so before the conferences, send home reminders of where and when the conference will be held, as well as the meeting agenda. If a conflict arises and an in-person meeting is not an option, try to schedule an alternative way to meet, via phone or video. If you’ll be phone- or video-conferencing, send home copies of materials ahead of time so parents can have them in hand while you talk. During the Conference Create a welcoming environment. Make your classroom inviting by displaying students’ wor	512
His experiences on the western plain had taught Glass that the performance of his rifle could mean the difference between life and death. (1.2.46) In many ways, Glass's rifle, the Anstadt, is a symbolic representation of his skill and prowess. While many of the men employed by the Rocky Mountain Fur Company are inexperienced and unprepared, Glass has been developing the skills he'll need on the frontier his entire life. Chapter 8: September 2, 1823 From his time with the Pawnee, Glass possessed a broad familiarity with the plants of the plains. (1.8.24) It helps that Glass spent a year or so with the Pawnee Tribe. This experience not only allows him to better relate with his American Indian peers, but also to utilize a skillset most trappers don't have access to. Chapter 9: September 8, 1823 He remembered a trap he had once seen set by Pawnee children. [...] For Glass, the exercise was now deadly serious. (1.9.42) Once again, we see Glass utilize skills gleaned from the Pawnee to huge effect. What was once a time-waster for kids is now a lifesaver for a desperate man—funny how things work out, huh? This also shows Glass's strong capacity for improvisational thinking. Chapter 10: September 15, 1823 But he had never done anything like what he was prepared to do at that moment: crawl into a pack of wolves and challenge them for food, armed only with a torch of sage. (1.10.23) Glass's rumble with the wolves displays both his strength and ingenuity. First, it shows his ingenuity because he's able to craft a weapon using only gunpowder and sage, showing his skills as a proto-MacGyver. But it also shows his strength because, well, it takes some serious chutzpah to go face-to-face with one of nature's most feared predators. He liked the idea that the claw that inflicted his wounds now hung, inanimate, around his neck. Lucky charm, he thought, then fell asleep. (1.10.53) Like his rifle, Glass's bear-claw necklace becomes another testament to his strength and tenacity. It's also worth noting that it was Jim Bridger—one of the men Glass is hunting down—who slipped the claw into Glass's bag in the first place. Chapter 11: September 16, 1823 Unlike Fitzgerald, he did have an instinct across open country. He always had, an internal compass that seemed to shepherd him in unmarked terrain. (1.11.10) Speaking of Bridger, that kid has some serious skills himself. Although Fitzgerald constantly talks trash, Bridger's navigational ability is the only thing keeping him and Fitzy from an arrow-tipped death—and that's no small feat, if you ask us. Man—in another life, Bridger and Glass might have been best friends. Chapter 15: October 9, 1823 Such trifles seemed inadequate expressions of his gratitude. Instead he walked up to Yellow Horse, removed his bear-claw necklace, and paced it around the Indian's neck. (1.15.29) It's only fitting that Glass gives his bear-claw necklace—a symbol of his strength and oneness with nature—to Yellow Horse, who saved his life. That's a massive sign of respect in our book. What's more, the fact that Glass had this bear claw in the first place might be what led Yellow Horse to treat him so well. What do you think? Chapter 18: December 6, 1823 His satchel was gone, with his spare, shirt, blanket and mittens. The satchel also contained his hand-sketched map [...] Relatively speaking, he felt well equipped. (2.18.6) And here we are having a panic attack whenever Google Maps freezes on us. Yeesh—you're making us look bad, Glass. Ego bruises aside, we can see here that our man has grown a great deal since the beginning of the novel and is now confident that his skills can carry him to victory, no matter the situation. Chapter 24: March 7, 1824 "It's the hides I'm after," said Glass. "We're making a bullboat." (2.24.44) A what? As it turns out, a bullboat is a type of craft traditionally made by the Pawnee that's made out of processed buffalo hides. You learn something new every day. Good thing Glass had a positive enough relationship with the Pawnee to learn things like this from them. Chapter 25: March 28, 1824 He waded into the water, careful to leave a few telltale tracks pointing up the stream—away from the Platte. (2.25.54) Always the schemer, Glass uses every trick in the book to evade the fearsome Arikara warriors. This is a small moment compared to some of the others that we've discussed, but we think that it's a perfect illustration of Glass's style.	512
Latest Blog Posts POSTMay 04, 2018 Cinco de Mayo, which means, “May 5” in Spanish, is a commonly misunderstood Mexican holiday. Cinco de Mayo is not Mexicos’ independence day. Cinco de Mayo commemorates the Mexican army’s unlikely victory over the French forces of Napoleon III on May 5, 1862, in a battle that lasted from daybreak to early evening. The French . . .	95
UPDATE: Microsoft has patched this flaw with a system update. See end of story. Hot on the heels of last week's Windows 10 corrupt hard drive bug comes another flaw that crashes a PC if you try to open a specific link in some web browsers. And yes, this crash will yield that feared blue screen of death (BSOD). Both flaws were discovered by researcher Jonas Lykkegaard and detailed in his Twitter feed. This new bug doesn't open a web page, he said, but instead directs the browser to try to browse the PC's internal file system -- a feature common to most web browsers. - How to switch from WhatsApp to Signal - The best antivirus software to protect your PC - Plus: Beware links to Discord's website — it could be malware But because the link is supposed to include an extra element, and the system doesn't seem to properly check for errors (perhaps because the command is coming from a web browser), Windows 10 gets confused, trips over itself and pops up a BSOD. Bleeping Computer tried it on several systems using the Google Chrome browser and found that it works on Windows 10 version 1709 and later. Tom's Guide found that it also works in the Brave web browser, which uses the same underpinnings as Chrome, and in an older version of the unrelated Firefox browser. Use at your own risk Because this flaw doesn't seem to cause any lasting harm, it's probably safe to share the filepath: "\\.\globalroot\device\condrv\kernelconnect". Play with this at your own risk. If you type it into the address bar of a browser, your computer will likely bluescreen and then do the usual file checking. Our computer didn't restart automatically after that, so we had to power-cycle manually to make all well. [Update: Our test PC restarted normally a few times, but is now stuck in an Automatic Repair boot loop. So, on second thought, you really shouldn't try this.] [Update part 2: It now looks like the Automatic Repair boot loop may have been caused by a completely different issue.] Microsoft told Bleeping Computer that it "has a customer commitment to investigate reported security issues and we will provide updates for impacted devices as soon as possible." Lykkegaard told Bleeping Computer that Windows 10 views the filepath as a command and expects the user to also type "attach" at the end. But if the user doesn't add anything, then Windows bluescreens. He also said that any user, not just those with administrative privileges, can make this happen. Tom's Guide confirmed that was true. This flaw can be exploited. Lykkegaard found that specially crafted files downloaded from the internet could cause PCs to crash when the files were opened, and Bleeping Computer said it had found a way to make the PC crash upon startup. Pranksters could also embed the filepath in harmless-looking links on web pages, emails, instant messages or social media. But none of these methods would be likely to cause permanent damage. [Or maybe it would -- see above.] Update: Flaw patched On Feb. 9, Microsoft patched this flaw as part of its regularly monthly software updates. Here's how to make sure you install this patch.	512
The thirty-thousand-foot view of manufacturing is raw material in, alter in an appropriate fashion, finished product out, by-product out. Since the finished product keeps a business in business, it gets the most attention. What about by-products or waste streams? In the very early days of manufacturing, they were simply discharged to the environment. As we learned about the negative effects these compounds had on the surrounding flora and fauna (including humans), we began to treat waste streams to make them less harmful. In the USA, we created the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and created the framework of treating, monitoring, and reporting waste streams, be they solid, liquid, or gaseous. The 1970 Clean Air Act (CAA) authorized the EPA to establish National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) to protect public health and the environment. In 1990, the CAA was amended to address three major threats to the nation’s environment and citizens: acid rain, urban air pollution, and toxic air emissions. The amendments also established a national permit program. Now manufacturers are required to report their emission and perform periodic testing to prove they are in compliance with their stated emission amounts. According to the EPA, it can assess civil administrative penalties of up to $37,500 per day, per violation. In order to prevent toxic air emissions, technologies have been developed to alter toxic compounds to non-toxic ones. Thermal oxidation is one such technology that is used for higher volume waste gas streams. As its name suggests, it uses heat and oxygen (from ambient air) to perform the toxic to non-toxic conversion. There are several different types of thermal oxidizers. Regenerative Thermal oxidizers (RTO) have a ceramic bed that gets preheated by exhaust gas from the previous cycle. The hot ceramic preheats the incoming gas which then moves to a combustion chamber, heated by an external source to approximately 1,400°F. The fact that RTO’s are treating gases which are flammable makes them susceptible to fires if the feed stream is not properly treated or the RTO is not properly installed. There was a case of a fire in an RTO that was treating the waste gas stream from multiple paint booths. Warren’s investigation revealed that improper installation had allowed paint to accumulate in the ductwork leading to the RTO. Part of the routine maintenance for this particular unit involved a ‘bake out’ in which the RTO is heated without any waste streams going through it. This is to purge the ceramic bed of any accumulated material. During the last bake out, the inlet duct work became sufficiently hot enough to ignite the paint on its surface. The damage from the fire affected all the paint booths as well as the RTO itself. Production was halted until all the damaged equipment was replaced. Fires in RTO’s can also be due to mis-operation by the users, either the RTO itself or improper handling of the waste feed stream. If you have a failure with any of your waste processing equipment, contact us at WARREN. Jennifer Morningstar, PE, CFEI, has 19 years of industrial experience. Her areas of emphasis include chemical release & exposure, OSHA process safety management, industrial accident investigation, fires & explosions, and scope of damage/cost to repair analyses. She spent 16 years working at a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) manufacturer. She is an OSHA-trained Process Hazard Analysis study leader and completed Root Cause Failure Analysis training to become an Incident Investigator. Jennifer authored procedures for lockout/tagout and confined space entry. She has experience as an energy management consultant in a variety of industries including mineral extraction, pulp & paper, animal harvesting & packaging (including rendering) and grain milling. Jennifer holds a Bachelor of Science Degree in Chemical Engineering from Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University as well as a Masters of Business Administration from the University of South Carolina.	512
Keeping an eye on other potential problems Amid pandemic cities, towns take measures to prevent Legionnaires' disease School and municipal buildings have been closed for months because of the coronavirus pandemic, but water sitting in the pipes can cause Legionnaires' disease, a lung infection that can turn deadly. The source is Legionella bacteria, and it likes to grow in standing water. Officials in several communities who spoke with the Daily News said there is little concern of an outbreak, because water in the pipes of those closed buildings is flushed routinely. “The key is you have to move the water. You can’t leave it in the pipes,” said James Paolini, director of facilities management for about 20 municipal buildings in Framingham, including those used by the police and fire departments, city hall and libraries. Pipes in the buildings have been flushed out weekly since they closed in March, Paolini said. Daily flushing of the pipes in Framingham school buildings started May 15, said Matthew Torti, Director of Building and Grounds for the city’s public schools. The buildings closed in March. When buildings reopen, students and government workers will turn on sinks to wash hands, flush toilets and drink from fountains. If water has remained in the pipes for weeks without being routinely flushed out, then tiny water droplets containing Legionella could be released into the air and inhaled. One in ten people that contract Legionnaires' disease die, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Roughly 5,000 people in the U.S. are diagnosed with the disease annually. It’s generally not contagious. Symptoms include coughing, shortness of breath, fever, muscle aches and headaches. They can occur up to two weeks after exposure. There is no vaccine to prevent the disease. Hotels, long-term care facilities and hospitals are the most common places for getting the disease. Those 50 years and older, smokers, chronic lung issues, and people with weakened immune system are most susceptible to Legionnaires’. Framingham Public Health Director Sam Wong said flushing at a hot temperature should run three to five minutes, and crews should remain at a safe distance to avoid water droplets that could contain harmful bacteria. Another safeguard against Legionnaires’ is regular chlorine treatments that kill germs. That work is done by the Framingham public works staff and the Massachusetts Water Resources Authority, Wong said. The city taps into the MWRA system for its drinking water. In Natick, maintenance crews are flushing water through the pipes in municipal and school buildings at high temperature to kill bacteria, said Jim White, the town’s public health director. Regular flushing is also occurring in all municipal and school buildings in Milford, said Jacquelyn Murphy, the town’s health officer. Murphy noted it’s important to keep water in the pipes after flushing, so noxious gases from sewer pipes don’t enter the buildings. Milford is alerting restaurants shut down for months because of the pandemic to flush out their pipes, and to watch out for water traps drying out in sinks and floor drains. Sewer gases, including flammable methane, can enter the building if those traps are dry. Communities also have to keep a watchful eye on cooling towers. Paolini said they’re like the air conditioning compressors homeowners have on their properties, but much bigger. A sizeable one is behind the McAuliffe Library in Framingham. The towers are flushed out routinely in Framigham to prevent Legionella growth. They're also sanitized, filters are changed, and air flow cycles are reset to pump fresh air into buildings. Ultimately, all cities and towns must have a water management plan to keep water moving in pipes to minimize the risk of Legionnaires' disease. “It’s a strong risk if water is stagnant for a long period of time,” Paolini said. Henry Schwan is the health reporter for the MetroWest Daily News. Follow Henry on Twitter @henrymetrowest. He can be reached at [email protected] or 508-626-3964.	512
Latex is a sticky, milky colloid drawn off by making incisions in the bark of the Pará rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) and collecting the fluid in vessels in a process called “tapping”. The latex then is refined into rubber ready for commercial processing. In major areas, latex is allowed to coagulate in the collection cup. Concentrated Latex is derived from Field Latex and is processed using centrifuge methods. It contains 60% Dry Rubber Content (DRC). There are two main types of Concentrated Latex available in the market: High Ammonia or Standard Ammonia Concentrate (HA Latex) and Low Ammonia Concentrate (LATZ). 1 Metal Drum (non-returnable; internal-lined) = 205 kg 1 Container, 20-ft FCL (80 Metal Drums) = 16.4 MT 1 Flexi Bag per container, 20-ft FCL = 20 MT 1 ISO tank (returnable) per container, 20-ft FCL = 20 MT	224
In the wild, most garter snakes are opportunistic feeders…even road-killed frogs are taken on occasion (please see Part I). While most mammal-feeding snakes thrive on rodents alone, in my experience garter snakes do much better when fed a varied diet. This quirk in their husbandry may explain why captives often fail to live as long as might be expected. Always provide a wide range of foods to your garter snakes. Earthworms, goldfishes and minnows can form the basis of the diet of most, but individual preferences vary (see species accounts). Several young common garter snakes under my care relished the grubs of wood-boring beetles, while others refused them. Smaller species (i.e. Butler’s Garter Snake) often accept insects and slugs. Garter snakes may be immune to the toxins of amphibians found in their habitats, but not to those of related species. An aquatic garter snake that can safely feed upon California newts, for example, might be killed upon consuming a Red-spotted Newt. Garter snakes have fast metabolisms (as snakes go!). Youngsters and gravid females should be fed every 3-4 days; adults every 5-7 days. Common Garter Snake, Thamnophis sirtalis Twelve subspecies of this most frequently kept of the garter snakes range from southern Canada into Mexico. In the continental USA, it is absent only from New Mexico and Arizona….I know of small populations living in the heart of NYC. The Eastern Garter Snake (T .s. sirtalis), exhibits the typical yellow-striped, black- spotted garter snake pattern. Individuals vary widely, however…I’ve come across quite bland and nearly black individuals. Exceptionally large specimens may approach 4 feet in length, but 24 inches is typical. Some common garter snake subspecies are considered among the most attractive of all North American snakes. The Red-sided (T. s. parietalis) Florida or Blue-striped (T. s. simlis) and, especially, the San Francisco (T. s. tetrataenia) Garter Snakes are particularly colorful. Butler’s Garter Snake, T. buttleri With an average adult size of 15-18 inches, Butler’s Garter Snake is ideally suited to planted, naturalistic terrariums. It occupies a range of habitats in the north-central USA and southern Canada, and calms down quickly in captivity. Aquatic Garter Snake, T. couchi Aquatic Garter Snakes are always found near water (Oregon to Mexico), where they bask on protruding stumps in the manner of the closely-related water snakes (Nerodia spp). The Giant Aquatic Garter Snake (T. c. gigas) approaches 5 feet in length. Aquatic Garter Snakes add fish eggs and leeches to their diets on occasion. Plains Garter Snake, T. radix The emergence of thousands of plains garter snakes from hibernation is a tourist attraction in parts of southern Canada. A toad specialist, captives adapt quickly to a diet of fishes and earthworms. Western Terrestrial Garter Snake, T. elegans This species adds a few twists to typical garter snake husbandry – it readily consumes mice and other snakes (including its young), and unreceptive females have been reported to kill over-enthusiastic males. Eastern and Western Ribbon Snakes, T. sauritus & T. proximus These thinly built snakes occupy nearly all of the USA, with the Western species reaching Costa Rica. I have never encountered them far from water, into which they retreat when startled. Captives fare best on a diet of fish and crayfish. You can read more about the natural history of the Eastern Garter Snake here. Garter Snake Eating Frog image referenced from wikipedia and originally posted by Cjottawa Coastal Garter Snake image referenced from wikipedia and originally posted by Steve Jurvetson	512
The Right to Freedom of Movement and the Protection of Refugees in Cameroon: What Prospect for Implementation? The issue of human right protection is a fundamental concept that has attracted the international community for their safety and livelihood. This human right protection has been encouraged in all dimensions and domains, especially when it comes to free movement of persons from one place to another. The concept of freedom of movement has been embraced with lots of high esteem as people have the possibility of moving from one area to another. This phenomenon of persons from one state to another has been encouraged by states in order to protect their dealings with each other and facilitates the effective protection of human rights among member states. The Cameroon government, as a signatory and a party to numerous human instruments, has taken the main objective in that of protecting and preserving the fundamental human rights of those entering its territory with the aim of preserving national integrity. The government of Cameroon has gone a long way in ensuring that those entering its territory should be given maximum protection on their fundamental human rights, even though in spite of all these efforts of the state in protecting the human right of refugees, most of the refugee rights are still being violated. The refugees living in Cameroon continue to doubt their stay in the country since their main aim of taking refuge in Cameroon was for the government to render them protection; rather they are filled with lots of worries as to whether it was necessary for them to seek refuge in the country in question when they cannot boast of their minimum protection. Deductive analytical approach was used which involves the explanation of social facts through the analysis of relevant texts. In this regard, two stages of analysis were involved: analysis of laws, policies and regulations on the one hand, and explanation of the manner in which they are applied and their challenges on the other. Analyzing this legal method helps us to answer questions related to the protection of refugees in Cameroon. Do the policies enacted by the Cameroon government to control refugee movement in their territory meet projected objectives?	394
A body of evidence suggests that the most used flavor enhancer, glutamate, which can be found in almost every processed food, is causing adverse effects within normal dietary ranges. The study published in the Journal of Headache Pain reveals that a single dose of monosodium glutamate (MSG) causes headache in the majority of healthy individuals tested. The researchers conducted a double-blinded, placebo- controlled, crossover study to examine the effect of repeated intake of glutamate on spontaneous pain, mechanical sensitivity of the masticatory muscles, side effects and blood pressure. Fourteen healthy subjects participated in 5 daily sessions and received 150 mg/kg of glutamate the first week, and placebo the second week (25 mg / kg of common salt). After 15, 30 and 50 minutes spontaneous pain, pain threshold of masticatory muscles and blood pressure was assessed. Saliva samples were taken 30 minutes after MSG intake to determine its concentration. The results were as follows: -headache occurred in 8 of 14 subjects on MSG and only in 2 patients on placebo -salivary glutamate concentrations on day 5 were elevated significantly elevated -pain increased in the masticatory muscles on day 2 and 5 after taking glutamate -blood pressure was significantly elevated A wide range of side effect were reported in the MSG group including: sore jaw, nausea, fatigue, headache, stomach ache, dizziness and chest pressure What You Should Know? This study shows a number of negative effects of the widely used food additive glutamate. Checking the food label will help in recognising this additive, designed by E numbers from E620 to E625, monosodium glutamate or other ingredients that are rich in glutamate such as hydrolyzed soy protein, yeast extract, etc. It is nearly impossible to avoid glutamate if packaged food makes the biggest part of food consumed. An effort should be made to eat a whole food based diet or one where food is prepared at home from scratch. For those suffering from health issues listed above, MSG avoidance should be of vital importance. The doses used in this study (150 mg/kg per day) are within the daily dietary ranges (from 50 to 200 mg/kg per day) which sows that “normal” intake is linked to negative health conditions. Glutamate is neurotoxic and an endocrine disruptor which has been linked with dozens of adverse health effects. As a “flavor enhancer” it acts in a drug-like fashion and contributes to metabolic syndrome (a group of pathologies including insulin resistance, weight gain, blood lipid disorders and hypertension). Shimada A et all: Headache and mechanical sensitization of human pericranial muscles after repeated intake of monosodium glutamate (MSG), J Headache Pain. 2013; 14(1):2	512
Presentation on theme: "OPERATING EFFECTIVELY AT WESD. What is Internal Control? A process designed to provide reasonable assurance the organizations objectives are achieved."— Presentation transcript: What is Internal Control? A process designed to provide reasonable assurance the organizations objectives are achieved through consistent monitoring. Internal control is like safety, it is every employees responsibility. Internal control is more an investment in time and attention than money. What does it do? Reduces risk. Establishes consistent monitoring procedures. Maintains trust. What is involved? A control environment: integrity, philosophy and authority. Risk assessment. Control activities: policies, consistent procedures, software. Information and communication. Monitoring and corrective action. How does it work? Designates approval points. Segregates duties. Maintains records. Checks math. Supervises personnel. What are the benefits? Prevent errors. Allow timely detection and correction of errors. Increase efficiency. Establish accountability and trust. Deter fraud by consistent procedures and predictable outcomes. Provide confidence in decision data. Philosophy for Controls Stewardship of public funds require standards of integrity. Times and technology are dynamic and controls need to be as well. Updated Procedures Purchase card use expanded. Electronic authorization expanded. Software system upgrades and implementation. Periodic internal audits. Staff training and accountability. How do we know were there? The board and administration know what is going on in financial procedures. The auditors can track all transactions and the control points. The transactions of the WESD can be made public with pride. Resources are directed to serve the objectives of WESD programs. How can you help? Know the procedures. Follow the procedures. Maintain organizational and personal integrity. THANK YOU.	358
Television Violence Reports In the 1990s, Senator Paul Simon of Illinois initiated an anti-trust-waver allowing the four broadcast networks (ABC, CBS, NBC and FOX) to come together to address the growing concerns surrounding violence on television. This initiative commissioned The Center for the Digital Future to conduct research into the issues and deliver annual reports to the nation on the state of television violence. Instead of simply counting the number of acts of violence on television, the Center created a new methodology that examined and reported on the context in which violence occurred. This type of research methodology helped to distinguish between worrisome television violence and the type of violence that may foster anti-violent attitudes. The study monitored 3,000 hours of television, video games and home movies each year. These reports were produced in the late 1990s, and, of course, almost all of the programs explored in the studies are no longer on the air. But the methodology, analysis, and conclusions still yield valuable insights for the television industry, government agencies, journalists, and parents. The Television Violence Reports:	217
Child maltreatment prevention readiness assessment: South Africa Download this report If you would like to obtain a copy of this Research Output, please contact Hanlie Baudin at [email protected]. Despite the attention to service-oriented policy, a number of challenges remain, including the high number of youngest children (0 to 4 years) who do not have access to early childhood development services. A study of ECD services in the Western Cape Province found that service integration for younger children was consistently poor while identification and referral of children with problems were seldom done at community level. Furthermore, ECD site management did not engage proactively with families of children who have problems and provide support or encourage attendance of ECD facilities (Dawes, Biersteker & Hendricks, 2009). Early childhood phase is critical in determining the development of a child but in poor resource contexts children's ability to realize their potential is undermined by risk factors in early life including low stimulation and poor nutrition (Walker et al, 2007). A study of children's court inquiries in the Western Cape province indicated the potential role of ECD-linked child care to reduction of child maltreatment of children aged 0 to 4 years who were affected by statutory removals (Makoae, Dawes, Loffell & Ward, 2008). There is a high prevalence of youth who bear children in their adolescence. The adolescent fertility rate (births per 1000 women aged 15-19) is estimated at 58 births per year (World Data Bank, 2008). What makes child bearing among teenagers in South Africa a social concern is that it mostly occurs outside marriage; disrupts schooling, does not lead to marriage and contributes to the widespread situation of 'absent fathers' during a child's upbringing. Children born to young mothers grow up with fewer opportunities for development provided by families than with present fathers. Furthermore, maternal poverty, due to low educational attainment and consequent poor incomes, contributes to stressful parenting among young single mothers (Panday et al, 2009). Maternal education deficit has been associated with negative child welfare, education and health outcomes (Ardington et al, 2011). A study using the Cape Area Panel Study data, waves 1 to 4 of this longitudinal study of young people in Cape Town since 2002, found that teenage child bearing had poor health outcomes for children an intergenerational effect of poor health as indicated by children who were underweight, shorter than their age and stunted (Branson, Ardington & Murray, 2011). Despite the commitment by the democratic state through its institutions and partnerships with its national and international development partners to promote equal opportunities and the wellbeing of all children, childhood in South Africa continues to be affected by several threats and vulnerabilities, a number of which are directly and indirectly due to violence. For instance, children may be directly affected if caregivers use corporal punishment; they may be indirectly affected if their caregivers die in violent incidents.	512
While change can be a good thing, children also need to take time to process all the information that they face since change can be stressful for them. Children like knowing that things remain the same when they arrive home from school, during their bedtime, when they wake up in the morning, and more. Things are easier for them to handle when they can predict what happens in their daily lives. However, change is inevitable and children must learn how to adapt to these changes. Sometimes, this can be overwhelming especially for children. If the normal things in our surroundings change constantly, what will be the big unexpected changes? Have you ever thought how your little ones would react over these? Our world changes constantly and today, the pace of change has become faster than it has ever been before. From products and processes of doing things, everything changes within a short span of time and our exposure to new information goes on. Below are various tips for you to learn how to teach your little ones to cope with the small and big changes in life: Understand Regressive Behaviour During times of change, regressive behaviour, especially among children, is normal. When changes occur in their surroundings or routine, they may act differently. Regressive behaviour is the act of doing something that isn’t age appropriate such as wetting their pants even if they were potty-trained, or asking for more cuddles than usual. Be patient when they do these things since it simply means that they are trying to adapt with the change. Make a Routine Together If your children will be entering a new school, familiarize them with the new routine before the school year starts. Plan the things they have to do in the morning then have a drive or a walk to pass by the new route. Seeing how things will work will help make things easier for children and it can also help relax their minds from worries. Practice as many routines as possible while it’s early so they can take their time to process new information. For sleeping and eating routines, try to keep these regular and predictable so your little ones can prevent the disruption of the natural rhythms. When these are consistent, adapting to bigger changes becomes easier. Talk about It As Early As Possible If you are aware that your little ones will be facing changes, such as moving to a new home or school, let them know as early as possible. By doing this, you are giving them time to process the information so they can conquer the anxiety of this major shift in their lives. Ask if they have any concerns so you can let them know that you are ready to listen to their worries. Also, provide reassurance and advice when needed. Fears aren’t easy to alleviate, but if they see that you’re being their ally, they will eventually be certain that they can get through it. Face Change Positively When it comes to teaching your little ones important values and good habits, you will have to be a good role model so they can emulate your ways. When you are being exposed to change, be realistic when you assess the positive and negative sides of this. Facing changes in a positive manner is an opportunity to expand one’s experience. Show your little ones that facing challenges and obstacles can be an easy to accomplish. Also, try to encourage them to envision great possibilities and the outcome that the change may bring. This is a great exercise for practicing optimism. After enough repetition, your little ones may be able to instil the habit in themselves. When you see your little ones improving in adapting to changes, remind them of the picture of success that you told them to envision, then compare this with their current situation. This will help them learn how to have a reality check and to think of the future. Being able to adapt to change is another success for your little ones, so don’t forget to celebrate this by spending time together. Spend some quality time and play outdoors with the Whistlecopter. This amazing toy whistles all the way up to a maximum height of 200 feet. Each individually packed Whistlecopter has its own Viper Launcher, a durable pair of wings, and a 7-inch red rubber band. Aside from the toy and its parts, you will also find an instruction card in its package so you can use the toy properly. When you launch the Whistlecopter, it will not flap in the air unlike the cheap knockoffs in the market that easily break. This is because it is made from durable and high-quality materials. Instead, it will spin down to you after hovering in the air. Moreover, it features the PATENT and Trademark which shows it’s an authentic toy from Whistlecopter. Click on the photo to watch the Professional Wing Folding Video.	512
Participants gain a better understanding of the consumer marketplace and the current economic environment while learning skills necessary to take charge of their financial situations, plan for the future and avoid financial pitfalls. Follow Twitter Leslie Truex has over 20 years of experience as a writer and a home entrepreneur. Elementary school is a fantastic time to teach children the importance and value of earning and saving money. You can contact us at 888-839-0963 or [email protected] . Browse our creative workshops for schools and other youth groups (more are uploaded weekly) If you can't find what you want please send us an enquiry and we will do our best to fulfil your request . Grades K-1: An Introduction to Saving and Spending(PDF) – This lesson plan will help students to understand why savi… The business as usual cost to deliver (without extra evaluation costs) is £200 per workshop. Ramsey Solutions' Financial Peace University. Follow Linkedin. Partner Schools/Organizations; Become a Partner; Ways You Can Help. They can then step back and understand the key money … This can reduce the amount of taxes you pay, or increase a refund. The Importance of Financial Literacy. All the supplies are delivered and picked up from event location. Check out our schedule of upcoming workshops and see if one is right for you! For more advice, sign up to LifeSkills for students in school. With the beginning of the school year, BCR and the School of Values resumed their financial education workshops for children, organized as part of the project FLiP, the Money School on Wheels. Schools and educators have been aware about the need for money management workshops, yet many did not have the time or money to put on an event. I ama student COURSES OVERVIEW. It’s the highest profile and most recognised personal finance education initiative in England. Primary Workshops for Schools have delivered thousands of workshops and specialise in providing multi-cultural school workshops across the UK. We work with a range of organisations such as schools, employers and community groups to help them develop effective money management skills for their people. If you want to learn how to make money by holding seminars, workshops, or bootcamps, you’ll enjoy reading Marketing and Promoting Your Own Seminars and Workshops by Fred Gleeck. Susanna. This handy lesson pack introduces the concept of money, finance and budgeting to your class. Jayne, a business journalist for more than 30 years and financial parenting workshop presenter (based on her Kids and Money Guide Books), has helped families understand their connections to and values around money. The more you know, the less likely you are to accept counterfeit notes. MoneySense workshops provide bank employees with volunteering opportunities that can make a difference in the community, while schools benefit from the real-life experience and expertise that volunteers can bring to young people’s learning in the classroom. When asking, “Should high schools require money management classes”, it is wise to keep in mind that a lack of early money management education leads to decreased rates of participation in the stock market and decreased ability to grow personal assets. Australia Day 26th January. The goal is to leave children the legacy of true financial freedom—which is about much more than money! The FDIC's Money Smart financial education program can help people of all ages enhance their financial skills and create positive banking relationships. Chinese New Year 12th - 28th February. Adelphi University; Bard College; … They really enjoyed the fact that the workshop was high-energy and engaging and provided clear tools that they could use right away. Our work includes: Supporting educators in teaching money matters with confidence Learn here about Money Smart tools and strategies that you can use to teach others, as well as tools you can use to learn on your own. Can we buy the workshop materials and run the program ourselves? Click, We are currently able to offer our Workshops to, Delivered to classroom-sized groups of Young People (maximum 40), aged. Young Money (formerly pfeg) provides resources and training to anyone teaching young people money management skills. Susanna. We believe that all Young People should receive quality Financial Education which will equip them with the skills, knowledge and confidence they need to manage their money well throughout their lives. In normal circumstances, we would ask for three weeks’ notice to arrange a Workshop. Personal and Family Financial Planning, Coursera. Schools with more low-income students tend to receive less per-pupil spending within districts because the higher-paid teachers with greater experience often transfer to schools with more-advantaged students who are less difficult to educate. My Money Week is a national activity week for primary and secondary schools that provides a fantastic opportunity for young people to gain the skills, knowledge and confidence in money matters to thrive in society. The course can either be run in	512
Researchers at Berkeley have produced the first detailed picture of the molecular structure of human telomerase, an enzyme that plays key roles in both the repair of aging cells and the endless cellular rejuvenation typical of cancers. Berkeley biology professors Kathleen Collins and Eva Nogales published their discovery, complete with 3D images, in the journal Nature in April. The role of telomerase was first discovered in 1985 by Berkeley scientists Elizabeth Blackburn and Carol Greider, who shared the 2009 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their work. Because telomerase restores DNA to the ends of chromosomes, repairing age-related chromosomal fraying and extending the life span of cells, the discovery raised hopes of finding new treatments for cancer and aging. But the promise of a telomerase-based fountain of youth or cancer cure has been stymied by the inability to accurately map the enzyme’s molecular structure. What it Means In general, Collins thinks telomerase therapies “could extend health span, if not life span,” addressing issues “where poor cell renewal reduces the quality of life”—things like vision degradation and the poor healing of wounds. The therapies could have a more immediate effect on people with low telomerase levels due to a condition called dyskeratosis congenita, which greatly reduces life span. In 1999, Kathleen Collins discovered telomerase deficiency as a basis of dyskeratosis congenita. The finding brought accolades but also anguished emails from sufferers and their families, who asked for help that was not yet available. “It was heartbreaking,” Collins said. Now, she thinks we may be “able to offer those therapies within a generation.” Collins and Nogales, along with postdoctoral fellow Thi Hoang Duong “Kelly” Nguyen will continue using cryoelectron microscopy to improve the resolution of the imaging, from the current 7 to 8 Ångstroms to 3 or 4 Ångstroms. “It’s basically double the resolution, and will require probably ten times the work,” Nogales said. Nguyen is also working on the bigger picture, studying the enzyme’s interactions with specific regions of the chromosome. Knowing the molecular structure of telomerase should make research on therapies more productive. “I think this brings the entire field to a point where we can stop arguing about the things we’ve argued about for 20 years and move on,” says Collins. Eva Nogales agrees that visualization will guide research in more targeted and clever ways. “We are visual animals, and putting this structure into a visual format is very inspiring….We can now see something that we were pursuing more blindly.”	512
P-51 Mustang w/ WORLD WAR II The effects of the P-51 Mustang in World Conflict IIThe Effect of the American P-51 Mustang On the Air War in Europe Subjective This paper deals with the contributions of the P-51 Mustang to the ultimate victory with the Allies in Europe during World War II. This describes the war landscape in Europe before the P-51 was launched, traces the development of the mma fighter, its positive aspects, and the abilities it was able to contribute to the Allies arsenal. This concludes with all the effect the fact that P-51 acquired on A language like german air brilliance, and how it led the destruction in the Luftwaffe. The thesis is that: it had been not until the advent of the North American P-51 Mustang mma fighter, and all of the improvements, benefits, and unwanted side effects that it brought with it, that the Allies were able to accomplish air brilliance over the Germans. This paper was encouraged largely by simply my grandpa, who flew the P-51 out of Leiston, Great britain, during WW II and contributed to the eventual Sibling success that is certainly traced through this paper. This individual flew more than seventy missions between March and August 1944, and scored 3 kills against German practitioners. Table of Contents Launch Reasons for the Pre-P-51 Surroundings Situation The Pre-P-51 Circumstance The Allied Purpose surrounding this time War The Battle for Schweinfurt The Development of the P-51 The Installation of the Merlin Engines Features, Advantages, and Advantages of the P-51 The P-51s Battle Performance The Enhancements made on Policy upon Escort Mma fighter Function P-51s Disrupt Luftwaffe Fighter Strategies P-51s Give Bombers Better Support Summary Works CitedIntroduction On September 1, 1939, the The german language military forces invaded Biskupiec, poland to begin Ww ii. This invasion was very successful because of its utilization of a new armed service strategic theory blitzkrieg. Blitzkrieg, literally super war, involved the fast and fatal coordination of two distinctive forces, the Wermacht as well as the Luftwaffe. The Wermacht advanced on the ground, even though the Luftwaffe damaged the foe air force, bitten enemy ground forces, and disrupted enemy communication and transportation systems. This setup was responsible for the powerful invasions of Poland, Norwegian, Western European countries, the Balkans and the primary success of the Russian attack. For many years after the to begin September, mid-air war in Europe was dominated by the Luftwaffe. No other region involved in the war had the ability, technology, or numbers to challenge the Luftwaffes superiority. It was not until the United states of america joined the war efforts that any great harm was completed Germany and even then, German air flow superiority continued to be unscathed. It was not before the advent of the North American P-51 Mustang jet fighter, and all of the improvements, rewards, and side effects that it brought with it, that the Allies were able to attain air superiority over the Germans. Reasons for the Pre-P-51 Air flow Situation The continued domination of the European air by the Luftwaffe was due to two elements, the first of which was the difference in armed forces theory involving the Luftwaffe and the Royal Usaf. The ideas concerning the goal and function of the Luftwaffe and RAF were exactly opposing and were a result of their particular experiences on planet War We. During WW I, Indonesia attempted an organized bombing effort directed against England using Gothas (biplane bombers) and Zeppelins (slow-moving hot-air balloons) which did not give a great deal of result. This, plus the reality German army theory at the start of WW 2 was based much more about fast quick results (Blitzkrieg), resulted in Germany didn’t develop a strategic air force. The Luftwaffe had experienced great achievement when they applied tactical ground-attack aircraft vacation (i. at the. at Guernica), and so they figured that their air force will need to mainly incorporate this kind of aircraft. So Philippines made the Luftwaffe a ground support force that was essentially an extension in the army and functioned as being a long- selection, aerial artillery. The RAF, alternatively, had experimented with ground-attack practitioners during WW I, together suffered grievous casualty costs. This, combined with fact that the British have been deeply enraged and offended by the The german language Gotha and Zeppelin problems on their house soil, manufactured them decided to develop a strategic air force that might be capable of bombing German born soil over the following war. As a result, at the beginning of WW II, the RAF was mostly an organized force that consisted of hefty bombers and backup fighters, and was missing any technical dive- bombers or ground-attack fighters. (Boyne 21)The Pre-P-51 Situation Due to these fundamental distinctions, the situation that resulted following the air war began was: bombers in enemy place vs . attack airplanes. The in enemy terrain was the second reason for the domination with the Luftwaffe. At	512
Here is another photo of the spider in the previous post with a closer view of its spiny pedipalps (mouth feeler thingys). Troy Bartlett and BitB’s own James Trager got it right – the spider is, indeed, Argiope trifasciata, the banded garden spider (a.k.a. banded garden orbweaver, banded argiope, whitebacked garden spider, etc.). I figured the genus would be easy, but the species might be a little tricky – at least for those in North America who might be tempted to conclude it was the larger A. aurantia (black and yellow garden spider, etc.). The broken banding on the femora and generally lighter ventral coloration are usually enough to distinguish A. trifasciata from its more conspicuous congener. Argiope trifasciata is also distinguished as one of the few truly cosmopolitan arthropod species, occurring naturally on all continents except Antarctica. Both Troy and Dave Walter mentioned the conspicuous stabilimentum (heavy zig-zagging pattern) that Argiope spiders are perhaps best known for and that they often add to the center of their otherwise cryptic webs. Originally thought to possess a web-stabilizing function (hence the name), a variety of alternative explanations have since been proposed. These include camouflage (to break up the body outline of the spider and make it less visible to predators), web protection (to make the web more visible to birds and prevent them from flying into and damaging it), prey luring (since it reflects ultraviolet light efficiently), thermal protection (by providing a shield against the sun), and a repository for excess silk. An alternative hypothesis that I had not heard of but mentioned by Dave is that they serve as sponges for accumulating water for the spider to drink. Webs with stabilimenta are more common and larger in exposed versus sheltered locations, and a recent study by Blackledge and Wenzel (1999) using A. aurantia found that webs with a stabilimentum suffered significantly less damage from birds (45% on average) than those without, but that they also caught fewer insects (34% on average). The presence or absence of a stabilimentum, however, was not a significant factor in predation of the spiders by birds. This implies not only a web protective function for the stabilimentum, but that there is an evolutionary trade-off between web protection and foraging success. These authors concluded that variation in stabilimenta might be accounted for by a cost—benefit trade-off and that the decision by the spider to include a stabilimentum when building a web may be influenced by external factors such as prey density and web exposure. Specific to A. trifasciata, a less well known but equally interesting aspect of its behavior is the use of web orientation for thermoregulation. Tolbert (1979), in a study conducted in the southeastern US, found that web orientation was non-random during the hottest part of the summer, when spiders largely occupied east-west oriented webs with their silver/white dorsal surfaces facing south and their dark ventral surfaces facing north, and during October when the situation was reversed. Orientation of the white/silver dorsal surface towards the sun presumably is done to help lower body temperatures, while orienting the ventral surface of the spider, which changes from silver to black as the spider reaches maturity, would maximize solar radiation for heat gain. In contrast, Ramirez et al. (2003) found the species in coastal southern California never oriented their webs in a non-random fashion – rather, they always oriented them along an east-to-west axis with the mostly dark ventral surface of their abdomens facing south. They suggested that dealing with a high heat load is not a significant problem in the predominantly cool environment of coastal southern California and that staying warm is the greater challenge for this mostly fall active species. I’ll give 6 points to Troy for agreeing with me on everything, 4 to Dave for playing Devil’s advocate with the species and his unique alternative stabilimentum hypothesis, and 2 points to James for agreeing with Troy’s species ID. 🙂 Photo Details: Canon 50D w/ MP-E 65mm 1-5X macro lens (ISO 100, 1/250 sec, f/14), Canon MT-24EX flash w/ Sto-Fen + GFPuffer diffusers. Typical post-processing (levels, minor cropping, unsharp mask). Blackledge, T. A. and J. W. Wenzel. 1999. Do stabilimenta in orb webs attract prey or defend spiders? Behavioral Ecology 10(4):372–376. Ramirez, M. G., E. A. Wall and M. Medina. 2003. Web orientation of the banded garden spider Argiope trifasciata (Araneae, Araneidae) in a California coastal population. The Journal of Arachnology 31:405–411. Tolbert, W. W. 1979. Thermal stress of the orb-weaving spider Argiope trifasciata (Araneae). Oikos 32(3):386–392. Copyright © Ted C. MacRae 2010	512
Two-wheelers are considered as one of the quickest mode of transport on Indian roads and it does save the hussle of navigating through heavy traffic and narrow roads, add to it the time spent to search for parking, these advantages make India as one of the largest two-wheeler population. However, before riding any type of motorcycle one must obtain a Driving License from its regional RTO, as per the current rule any individual must be 18 years in age before he can apply for a driving license. License, once issued permits the rider to ride any vehicle in the category specified in the license, for two-wheelers the categories are MC or MCWOG: Motorcycle Without Gear and MCWG or M/CYCL.WG: Motorcycle With Gear. The license does not regulate on the engine capacity that a rider can ride. Although things might change soon as Government of India is planning to implement a separate catagory of license for bikes above 500cc. This move is important since there is a large number of road accidents involving two-wheelers. As per the Government statistics, last year, 32,524 people were killed in crashes involving two-wheelers and another 1,27,452 people were suffered injuries. The separate category of license will ensure that only those eligible to handle high performance bikes will be able to ride them. Apart from the change in the license rules Government has made it mandatory to introduce safety features like Auto Headlamp On (AHO) and ABS for two-wheelers in the coming years. To read more on License News, Click here Source: Deccan Herald	333
Diversity Books for Children: 15 Kids Books That Celebrate Diversity Looking for Diversity books for children? See below a list of multicultural children’s books about diversity and celebrating differences. The Importance of Diverse Books for Kids Research has shown the many advantages of reading with young children. The books a child reads can influence how his or her brain grows, changes, or makes connections and different patterns. Children absorb all the information their senses can perceive. So it is important that they have a library of good books. Diverse books are important; Books that teach empathy, kindness, and acceptance. Multicultural books that show people of different religions, customs, lifestyles, and races. When children see themselves in a book, they can gain role models and inspiration. They have something to emulate. They feel validated. When children see others who are different from them, they learn that the world is diverse. Children learn that not only can they be anything or anyone, but also to respect and appreciate everyone regardless of them being different. Simply because children are great imitators! We’ve put together a list of diversity books for children. This list of multicultural kids books celebrate diversity in some way. As is with any life lesson or habit, it’s easier and better to start reading to children as early as possible, and reading books about diversity no less. The younger you start reading diversity books, the quicker diversity gets normalized – because it is – and children wouldn’t know any different. This post may contain affiliate links, read more here Children’s Books about Diversity These children’s books that celebrate diversity help teach kids compassion and be inclusive of all people from all walks of life. Diversity Books for Children – Babies and Toddlers This is a perfect multicultural book for babies and toddlers but can also be read for older children too. Each page contains a greeting in a different language and a child from the part of the world that speaks that language. The art also illustrates what’s reminiscent of that city or country. This diversity book for kids is simple and a quick read, and perfect for little ones. And who knows, your baby may just learn how to say hello in different languages before he or she even walks! Books can provide children with role models they can emulate. What is even better is when these role models look like them. This multicultural book for kids is just that. It is both inspiring and representative of women and women of color. Exposing your little one to the names of women who paved the way to a realm of possibilities for the generations that come after them, encourages children to dream big and to realize that anything is possible. Representation matters and it leaves a lasting impression. This is the perfect children’s book about diversity. In this diversity book for kids, the author writes about how babies and toddlers are loved and cared for everyday and everywhere. It not only highlights how children are loved and cared for in different ways, but also that they are different. The rhymes in this children’s book are irresistible and employed great cadence. The illustration depicts babies of different shapes, sizes, and colors; as well as families of different types and appearances. The ending says it all: Every day, everywhere, babies are loved, for trying so hard, for traveling so far, for being so wonderful, just as they are. What better way to emphasize to your child you love them just as they are than to read it rhythmically with this book? Diversity Books for Children – Preschool / Early Elementary This diversity children’s book is not only beautifully illustrated, but also well-written. The sentences are short and succinct, yet powerful enough to ignite tolerance and understanding of others who are different. It reiterates this message that often get lost among many adults – to welcome our differences, acknowledge our similarities, and find joy in both. What’s even better is that it shows children, so it makes it easier for children reading this book to imagine themselves as part of the book. It makes it easier to connect the dots between diversity and acceptance. This is another diversity book for children filled with inspiring women from all over the world. It has a short and easy to read rhyming verses and a short text with further explanation to the accomplishments of each woman. Though this book seems to be geared toward girls, this can and should be read to boys too as it shows that women can do anything. And if further analyzed, it wasn’t too long ago when these women have triumphed and broken barriers. This empowering book tells children that nothing is impossible and there are more barriers to break. There’s a question posed in the book: how will you change the world someday? It’s a thoughtful inquiry that renders the reader to take a positive action. Mommy, Mama, and Me – Leslea Newman Daddy, Papa, and Me – Leslea Newman Rather than representing the “traditional family”, these fantastic children’s diver	512
Excerpted from the article The current early education system is built on racial inequities. Racial wage gaps and limitations to professional opportunities exist for women of color across occupations. Regardless of their job or field, women of color experience the greatest wage gaps when compared to white, non- Hispanic men (Hegewisch, Phil, & Hartmann, 2019). These structural inequities impact not only their immediate circumstances, but establish economic inequalities that follow them into retirement (Hogan & Perrucci, 2007). The historical and pervasive undervaluing of labor performed by women and minorities in the United States has combined to create one of the most underpaid workforces in the country: those who care for and teach young children. The early care and education (ECE) sector is comprised almost exclusively of women, 40 percent of whom are people of color. These educators represent the most racially diverse sector of the teaching workforce, compared to K-12 and postsecondary education in which nearly three-quarters of educators are white (Taie & Goldring, 2017; NCES, n.d.; Myers, 2016). Early educators are among the lowest-paid workers in every state (Whitebook, McLean, Austin, & Edwards, 2018), which creates especially compromised circumstances for African American and Hispanic women in this profession.	268
Development of the GreenREFORM sub-model for waste management and recycling is described below. The model must be able to describe the role of the waste management sector and waste incinerator plants in energy supply and the associated emissions, given the significant amount of waste used for energy production. The EU has a goal that 70 pct. of waste must be recycled by 2030 and there are similar national goals in Denmark. For this reason, the sub-model must also be able to explain the extent to which waste is recycled in Denmark, such that the ‘circular economy’ is described. Additionally, the sub-model must be able to describe the effect of waste treatment on the emission of the most important pollutants. The sorting of waste produced in Denmark is highly dependent on the quality of initial sorting, before the waste reaches waste management plants. The sub-model must therefore describe the cost for households and firms from sorting their waste. It must also describe the effect of changes to the regulation of waste sorting, including requirements for initial sorting, changes to the required recycling rate and changes to the amount of waste used in energy production, as well as the associated environmental effects of these changes. As the basis for description of waste flows in the Danish economy, the waste management sub-model uses a dataset developed by Statistics Denmark based on the Danish Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) Waste Statistics. This data describes the supply and demand for waste between sectors, including import and export, and the treatment of waste across a wide range of waste types. The Danish EPA’s Waste Statistics only follows the waste until treatment. Data is therefore needed to explain what happens with the waste after it is treated. In cooperation with DTU, GreenREFORM is using the EASETECH-model for data regarding emission coefficients related to waste treatment, forecasts of waste generation and more. The sub-model also requires further division of the waste management sector in the 117-sector version of the National Accounts. This means that the GreenREFORM waste management sub-model will have five waste management subsectors, instead of one combined sector. Dividing the waste management sector into subsectors will provide information about all activities that occur between waste management subsectors, as well as all activities that occur between these subsectors and the remaining sectors in the National Accounts. Initial research has been done to understand the organization and regulation of the waste management sector. This research resulted in the following paper, which has been the basis for development of the waste management sub-model. Read the paper about the organization of the waste management sector (in Danish) A partial static model for waste management and recycling has currently been developed and will be described in an upcoming paper. The following is a brief summary of the model. Based on a division of the National Accounts sector “383900 Waste management and materials recovery”, the sub-model describes production in the following five waste management subsectors: - 383901 Collection of non-dangerous and dangerous waste - 383902 Treatment and disposal of non-dangerous and dangerous waste - 383903 Disposal of waste for energy production - 383904 Recycling - 383905 Remediation of soil and groundwater and other forms of pollution control The waste collection subsector (383901) collects all waste in the economy, after it is initially sorted by firms and households. Firms in the model pay a price for their waste to be collected and delivered to the waste treatment subsectors (383902-383905). Seen in isolation, the collection process gives a negative profit, due to the costs faced by waste collection firms when collecting waste and delivering it for treatment. However, since the waste collection firms operate under the break-even principle, the government ensures zero-profits through lump-sum transfers.All waste is delivered to the waste treatment subsectors (383902-383905), which also operate under the break-even principle. It is assumed in the model that all waste in principle can be incinerated, while not all waste can be recycled. Some quantity of “secondary waste” is therefore produced, which is either incinerated or stored as landfill. The quantity of secondary waste is currently unknown, although this can be analyzed using the EASETECH-model in cooperation with DTU. It is also an ambition, that emissions from the recycling process are added to the waste management sub-model. These emissions are important for the sub-model’s description of emissions from the waste treatment process and will be added later through the cooperation with DTU. The following paper is a tentative working paper about the sub-model for waste management and recycling. Link to a working paper about the sub-model for waste management and recycling	512
A glacier in Patagonia with a forgettable name is becoming memorable for the speed at which it is losing ice. Some scientists think Hielo Patagónico Sur 12 (HPS-12) could be the fastest-thinning glacier in the world. Satellites offer regular views of HPS-12, which is located in a remote part of the Chilean Andes about 430 kilometers (270 miles) northwest of Punta Arenas and 1,800 kilometers (1,100 miles) south of Santiago. The glacier is visible about one-third of the way down the western side of the Southern Patagonia Icefield, where the brown rocky edges of the glacier’s fishhook-shaped fjord contrast starkly with surrounding snow and ice. The fjord has become exposed as the glacier has retreated about half its length in three decades. The false-color images above show a recent look at the changes. The left image was acquired on January 27, 1985, by the Thematic Mapper on Landsat 5 (bands 7-4-2). The right image was acquired on January 9, 2019, by the Operational Land Imager (OLI) on Landsat 8 (bands 7-5-3). Visible, near infrared, and infrared wavelengths were combined to better differentiate the types of land cover. Snow and ice are light blue, and water is dark blue. Rocks are brown, and vegetation is green. In addition to retreating, HPS-12 has been dramatically thinning. Recent research published in Nature Geoscience offered new satellite-derived estimates of ice loss across glaciers in the Andes. Between 2000 and 2018, HPS-12 thinned by more than 30 meters per year along a 4-kilometer-section near the glacier’s tongue. The emergence of large rock outcrops (brown) along the fjord in recent imagery indicate how much ice is now gone due to the thinning and retreat of the glacier. According to Etienne Berthier, a glaciologist at the University of Toulouse, thinning on HPS-12 reached as much as 44 meters per year. That was the maximum thinning observed at any point on the glacier—an area that by 2018 had disintegrated. “To our knowledge, this is indeed the fastest observed rate of loss for a glacier,” said Berthier, co-author on the Nature Geoscience paper. “But we may find a faster one elsewhere on Earth. There is still a lot to learn about patterns of glacier mass loss in remote regions.” Melting is a common occurrence across the Patagonian icefields, where ice has been disappearing at some of the highest rates on the planet. Many of the region’s glaciers melt not only from the top due to warm air, but also from below, where they come into contact with ocean and lake water. The fjord in front of HPS-12 contains seawater mixed with meltwater and sediment coming from the glacier. NASA Earth Observatory images by Lauren Dauphin, using Landsat data from the U.S. Geological Survey. Story by Kathryn Hansen, with image interpretation by Etienne Berthier (University of Toulouse) and Christopher Shuman (NASA/UMBC).	512
eso9915 — Onderzoekspersbericht VLT Studies Very Distant Galaxies FORS Takes Spectra of Faint Primordial Objects 27 februari 1999 Continuing progress in astronomical technology is opening new possibilities for the study of the distant universe. One of the most exciting, recent additions to this branch of astrophysics, known as cosmology, has been the discovery of a large population of galaxies in the primordial Universe in which intensive star-formation is going on. They are so distant (their redshifts are larger than 3 ) that the corresponding look-back time is over 90% of the age of the Universe, now estimated at about 14 - 15 billion years (1 billion = 1,000 million). We observe these objects as they were, when the Universe was between 1 and 2 billion years old. The investigation of the early Universe is one of the primary scientific goals that have motivated the construction of the ESO Very Large Telescope and its very diverse complement of instrumentation. The aim of these studies is to extend the observations of basic properties of galaxies to objects at the largest possible distances and hence the earliest possible epochs. We would like to learn as much as possible about these very faint galaxies, including their numbers and hence their space density, as well as their brightness, colours, sizes and shapes. What are the rates with which stars are formed in different galaxies at different epochs, what is their chemical composition and mass? How do they move in space and how do they cluster? New spectra show properties of very distant galaxies During the recent commissioning and science verification of the Focal Reducer/low dispersion Spectrograph (FORS) at the first 8.2-m VLT Unit Telescope (UT1), spectra were taken of several objects, thought to be high-redshift galaxies. These targets were located in two southern sky fields, known the Hubble Deep Field South and the AXAF Deep Field . The first of these has been extensively studied by means of images obtained with the Hubble Space Telescope; some VLT exposures of this sky field were also made, cf. e.g. eso9812. The other field will be observed with the new satellite AXAF X-ray observatory (now baptized "Chandra") that will be launched soon. For these VLT observations, the selection of the targets was made by means of very deep images, obtained in several optical bands at the ESO New Technology Telescope (NTT) at the La Silla Observatory, within the ESO Imaging Survey (EIS). Distant high-redshift galaxies have peculiar colours - mostly unusually red - that help to distinguish them from the much more numerous, nearer galaxies. However, there are other objects that have similar colours, and only a spectrum will tell the true nature of the object. These objects are extremely faint and their spectra can only be observed with very large telescopes like the VLT and a highly efficient spectrograph. The near-infrared (I) magnitudes of the objects studied during the present test observations ranged between 23.4 and 25.5, or between 10 and 65 million times fainter than what can be seen with the unaided eye. As predicted, a large fraction of the spectra obtained turned out to be those of extremely distant galaxies, in the redshift range between z = 2.8 - 4.0. Examples of FORS observations Here are some examples of the new FORS spectral observations of distant galaxies, including two at redshifts z = 2.8 and 3.9. These observations demonstrate the great capability of the ESO VLT to peer into the remotest realms of the Universe and its potential to contribute to the study of the physical processes that took place at the time of the formation and evolution of the first structures. These new data will also allow future visiting astronomers to optimize their use of the VLT and FORS for observations of extremely faint and remote objects. Not least, they will also help to improve the selection of future targets for spectral observations by refining the multicolour selection criteria from survey data. : In astronomy, the redshift (z) denotes the fraction by which the lines in the spectrum of an object are shifted towards longer wavelengths. The observed redshift of a distant galaxy or quasar gives a direct estimate of the universal expansion (i.e. the `recession velocity'). Since this expansion rate increases with the distance, the velocity (and thus the redshift) is itself a function (the Hubble relation) of the distance to the object. The larger the distance, the longer it has taken the light from the object to reach us, and the larger is the "look-back" time, i.e. the fraction of the age of the Universe that has elapsed since the light we now receive, was emitted from the object.	512
Population growth has a negative influence on the environment. It is connected with the rising energy consumption. All human activities increase the use of energy per person. Industrialization results in deterioration of environmental quality. For example, by expanding agriculture and applying technological novelties to maximize productivity, we only aggravate the situation, causing ecosystem simplification. People try to devise methods to improve the environmental conditions: desalting water, application of new irrigation systems, invention of smog-control devices, electric cars, and nuclear plants (Ehrlich & Holdren, 1971, p. 1215). However, there is still negative impact in all these cases. Population growth becomes the main reason of water and air pollution (Cropper & Griffiths, 1994, p. 250) due to larger per cent of waste. Unawareness of the right methods of waste recycling can lead to environmental problems that threaten people's health, bringing epidemic diseases, causing social disruption, and influencing general quality of life (Ehrlich & Holdren, 1974, p. 284). The growth of the U.S. and world population causes nonrenewable (minerals, fossil fuels) and even partly renewable (water) resources depletion. The use of fossil fuels increases concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. The possible solution to this problem is the usage of alternative resources. Population growth affects weather conditions causing the global warming effect, increase in daily precipitation, and changes in temperature. One of the suggested solutions to environmental problems is the population growth control and control over the population density. Population growth control may be achieved through education: teaching families planning children, and prevention of illegal immigration. Failure to manage the population growth can lead to famine, which is currently an acute problem of many countries. By acting together and sharing the methods of population control, people in the world can struggle against the negative effects of human activities. The environmental policy in our country includes the laws on environmental protection, which must be and are observed by the citizens of the USA. These laws touch upon regulating air and water emissions in order to avoid pollution (the Clean Air Act, the Clean Water Act), and energy production (the Energy Production Act). There are U.S. organizations dealing with the environmental protection and motivating people to participate in the activities connected with the issue. These organizations can be easily found on the Internet: EPA (Environmental Protection Agency), AWF (American Wildlife Foundation), and others. Unfortunately, today less and less American people are interested in taking active participation in environmental care. According to the survey, some people understand the possible negative consequences of the global warming effect, but they are not interested in pollution in their neighborhoods. Other people are not aware of the possible danger and do not want to participate in the activities connected with the environmental protection. Only a small part of the country's population is actually worried about today's ecological situation ("The American Environmental Values Survey" 2006). However, as for the observation of the laws on the environmental protection, many U.S. companies set an example to the world community. They take care of their products influence on the environment and of the produced waste, following adequate recycling programs in order to do less harm to nature. In order to take care of the environment, first, people should start take responsibility for their own activities and then spread this responsibility into masses. The problem of the population growth and control is also solvable if we join efforts not only within the boundaries of our own country but within the world community. - The American Environmental Values Survey. lang="EN-US" (2006, October). Retrieved June 19, 2013, from //ecoamerica.typepad.com/blog/files/ecoAmerica_AEVS_Report.pdf. - Cropper, M. Griffiths, C. (1994). The interaction of population growth and environmental quality. The American Economic Review, 84(2), 250-254. Science, 171(3977), 1212-1217. - Ehrlich, P. R. Holdren, J. P. (1974). Human population and the global environment. American Scientist, 62, 282-292.	512
Limbal stem cell deficiency is a cause of corneal blindness. Transplantation of limbal cells from the contralateral eye can provide good results. Allogeneic limbal stem cells from cadaveric donors, expanded ex vivo is also being investigated in clinical trials. Documentaries, videos and podcasts - Stem cellStem cells are self-renewing cells that have the potential to become multiple different cell types in the body. Stem cells are found in developing embryos. Adult stem cells maintain and repair tissues throughout life. Induced pluripotent stem cells are a type of stem cell derived from adult cells that are reprogrammed in the lab.	138
4 edition of Morality found in the catalog. Originally published, New York: Harper and Row, 1972. \|The Physical Object\| \|Pagination\|\|112 p. ;\| \|Number of Pages\|\|112\| I was asked to answer this. I don't think there is an essential book on morality and ethics. I have to admit, that I started using studies ideas found on the internet over single books. I can't read that fast and I like to check and verify during. Moral philosophy is the branch of philosophy that contemplates what is right and wrong. It explores the nature of morality and examines how people should live their lives in relation to others. Moral philosophy has three branches. One branch, meta-ethics, investigates big picture questions such as, “What is morality?” “What is justice?” “Is there truth?” [ ]. 1. Morality and law. Morality and law are not the same although of course they overlap. Law might be thought of as a public codification of morality for a culture, although certain File Size: KB. Unlike most moral theories, his account of morality is developed in sufficient detail to be useful to those interested in problems of applied ethics. This book will appeal to those engaged in business ethics, engineering ethics, environmental ethics, and especially medical ethics. In the manner of the works of Thomas Hobbes and John Stuart Mill 5/5(1). Articles Wilde and Morality Peter Benson deconstructs the moral intrigues of Dorian Gray. “The good ended happily, and the bad unhappily. That is what Fiction means.” Miss Prism in The Importance of Being Earnest. One of the most famous and most frequently quoted statements about the moral responsibility of artists can be found in Oscar Wilde ’s preface to his novel The Picture of Dorian. Morality. Morality Defined Morality speaks of a system of behavior in regards to standards of right or wrong behavior. The word carries the concepts of: (1) moral standards, with regard to behavior; (2) moral responsibility, referring to our conscience; and (3) a moral . The State and the poor. Life in the cold élaboration du droit international et la protection des intérêts côtiers contre les risques de pollution résultant de la navigation maritime Fisher Price Imaginext Roar into Action! ownership of U.K. quoted equities, 1957-1975. Views of Haddon Hall. Teaching of health education in junior and senior high schools. California immunization handbook British coins market values. Listopia > Morality Book Lists. Books That Make You Go "Hmm" books — voters The Psychology of Morality. 43 books — 39 voters Quintessential Philosophy. 94 books — 37 voters Essential Readings in the Cognitive Science of Religion. 68 books — 32 voters. Books Advanced Search New Releases Best Sellers & More Children's Books Morality book Textbook Rentals Best Books of the Month Philosophy of Ethics & Morality of o results for Books: Politics & Social Sciences: Philosophy: Ethics & Morality. Discover the best Philosophy of Ethics & Morality in Best Sellers. Find the top most popular items in Amazon Books Best Sellers. Moral Story Books for Kids Top Selected Products and Reviews 31 Moralistic & Motivational Bedtime Short Stories for Kids: 1 Story daily on bedtime for 30 days which are full of. His latest book, Morality, applies his Morality book approach to the unprecedented challenges of our time - social, political, economic, and above all, cultural. May his words be heeded throughout the land. Sacks unpacks a whole litany of dystopian trends arising from our relentless preoccupation with me, me, me, Premier Christianity/5(9). The Moral Landscape From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The Moral Landscape: How Science Can Determine Human Values is a book by Sam Harris, in which the author promotes a science of morality and argues that many thinkers have long confused the Author: Sam Harris. The philosopher tells us about some of those who've looked for answers, from Plato to Primo Levi. He picks the best books on moral philosophy. You have chosen mostly non-philosophical books. I teach philosophy, especially ethics. This could be a list of books by the great philosophers, but only one of them fits that description. book, as its title suggests, is ethics, and before going any further, it is important to define some key terms used in any discussion of ethics or morality. DEFINITION OF KEY TERMS Ethical, Moral, Unethical, Immoral In ordinary language, we frequently use the words ethical and moral (and unethical and. Ethics and Morality. Morality, Ethics, Evil, Greed Ph.D., an expert on single people, is the author of Singled Out and other books. She is an Academic Affiliate in Psychological & Brain. Laux's has provided insight into the authentic teachings of Catholic Morality. He begins with God's gift of "Free Will"; man's guide to follow God's Moral Law. Even though this text was written in the 20's, the insightful way Laux presents the material is clear, concise and not too drawn out for young minds/5(9). Master–slave morality is a central theme of Friedrich Nietzsche's works, particularly in the first essay of his book, On the Genealogy of Morality. Nietzsche argued	512
Pleurisy is an inflammation of the pleura, the membranes that line the thoracic cavity and fold in to cover the lungs. Pleurisy may be characterized as dry or wet. In dry pleurisy, little or no abnormal fluid accumulates in the pleural cavity, and the inflamed surfaces of the pleura produce an abnormal sound called a pleural friction rub when they rub against one another during respiration. This rubbing may be felt by the affected person or heard through a stethoscope applied to the surface of the chest. In wet pleurisy, fluids produced by the inflamed tissues accumulate within the pleural cavity, sometimes in quantities sufficient to compress the underlying lung and cause shortness of breath. Because the pleura are well supplied with nerves, pleurisy can be very painful. Pleurisy is commonly caused by infection in the underlying lung and, rarely, by diffuses inflammatory conditions such as lupus erythematosus. Treatment of pleurisy includes pain relief, fluid evacuation, and treatment of the underlying disease. Classification of pleurisy (a) If the process leads to a fibrinous deposit, it is known as dry pleurisy. (b) If an addition, there is much serous fluid, it is called pleurisy with effusion or wet pleurisy, and (c) If pus formation occurs, the affection is described as purulent pleurisy or empyema. It must be noted, however, that these three conditions are in reality the three stages in any given case. Who gets pleurisy? Pleurisy can attack people of all ages, from children to the very aged. When it is caused by viral infection, it is a disease that doctors tend to associate with young people. When it is associated with pneumonia, it is generally considered to be a disease of older people. A pleural effusion may occur for a variety of reasons. This, too, tends to affect older people. Causes of pleurisy Viruses are a common cause of pleurisy. They may cause the pleural membranes to become inflamed and sore in the same way as they affect the membrane of the nose when a person has a cold. Like any other sort of viral infection, pleurisy can occur in small epidemics. The symptoms of this type of pleurisy are painful chest muscles and pain on breathing. The condition usually settles down without treatment and does not give rise to complications. Bacteria can also produce pleurisy, although they usually do this as a result of underlying pneumonia. As infection spreads through the lung tissue, it eventually leads to inflammation of the outer surface of the lung. This inflammation then leads to the symptoms of pleurisy. Bacteria can cause pleurisy in tuberculosis, a disease that is again on the increaseâ€”because of AIDS. It causes a big pleural effusion, and painful breathing so typical of many sorts of pleurisy is not nearly as common in cases related to tuberculosis. Another common cause of pleural effusion is cancer. Lung cancer as well as cancer from other parts of the body can spread to the pleura. If the pleura is involved, the cancer usually is inoperable. Occasionally, a pleural effusion turns out to be due to neither an infection nor a tumor, but some other disease. For example, disease that set up a general level of inflammation in the body as result of disturbances in the body’s immune system can cause a pleural effusion. One such disease is called systemic lupus erythematosus. There is also a very rare hereditary disease that occurs almost exclusively in Armenian and Sephardic Jewish families. It is called familial Mediterranean fever, and it involves repeated attacks of inflammation in all the membranes of the lung as well as in the peritoneum (the membrane that covers the wall of the abdomen; and the pericardium (the membrane that surrounds the heart). Perhaps the most serious pleural problem is called pulmonary embolism. In this condition, a clot— which may have formed in the leg, for exampleâ€”breaks off, travels through the heart, and gets stuck in the lung. This may cause typical pleural pain, since affected area of the lung becomes inflamed and the inflammation spreads to the pleura. Pulmonary embolisms can be fatal, but if a definite diagnosis has been made, doctors can prescribe anticoagulant drugs to stop further clots from forming. Symptoms and diagnosis of pleurisy The main symptom of pleurisy is sudden pain in the chest, made worse with deep breathing, coughing, and chest movement. Pain may be referred to areas away from the site of origin, such as the shoulder, lower chest, neck, or abdomen, which can be confused with intra abdominal disease. If sufficient pleural fluid accumulates, it can compress the underlying lung, causing rapid or difficult breathing. Pleurisy is easily diagnosed when the characteristic pleuritic pain occurs. A pleural friction rub is diagnostic but may be transient in nature. Chest radiographs are useful to demonstrate pleural fluid. Analysis of the pleural fluid when present is the most helpful diagnostic test in establishing a diagnosis in most cases of pleurisy. This is done using a procedure called Thoracentesis, in which a fine needle is inserted into the chest to reach t	512
Read this list of words, and after each round, recall as many words as possible. If you miss a few words, look at the list again, do another round, and try again. 5 situps reaching and looking to the left 5 situps reaching and looking to the right Focus: Basic dot drill, 10 times. 5 rounds for time of the following workout… For the first 3 rounds, recall as many words as possible after the round. Attempt to remember all words by the end of the 3rd round. Mark down how many words you recall. Then, before starting the 4th round, you have 1 minute to read and learn the 2nd list of words. After the 4th round, recall as many words as possible from the 2nd list. After the 5th round, recall as many words as possible from the 1st list. Word List 1: bird, tree, truck, ball, cup, spoon, paper, pen, bear, lid Word List 2: phone, book, pencil, ring, apple, milk, dog, plate, grass, stair 5 rounds, for time: 15 lateral hops over a dumbell 10m bear crawl forwards 10m bear crawl backwards 5 ring pushups with right foot raised 5 ring pushups with left foot raised Post time for entire workout, as well as how many words recalled after the 5th round to comments.	294
Controlling Joe-Pye Weeds: How To Remove Joe-Pye Weed Joe-pye weeds are not really weeds at all. They are actually a type of perennial grass called Stemmera. These plants have been used for centuries in various parts of the world as livestock fodder or even as ornamental garden plants. However, they were never truly accepted into the modern agricultural system until recently when they became popularly known as “weed” due to their ability to grow rapidly and outcompete other types of vegetation. The term “weed” was first applied to these plants in the early 1900’s because they were considered invasive species that had invaded our native ecosystems. However, it wasn’t until the 1960’s that many farmers began using them as a cheap source of animal feed. Since then, they have become one of the most widely grown crops in North America. In fact, there are so many varieties of joe pye weed that it is difficult to keep track of which ones belong to what family. Some are small shrubs with slender leaves; others grow up to 6 feet tall and spread wide over large areas. All are extremely drought tolerant and will survive almost any climate condition. They do best in full sun but tolerate partial shade better than some other annuals such as blueberries or blackberries. Once established, there is very little that can cause serious damage to a joe pye weed plant. In fact, they are so sturdy that in the past farmers used them as “living fences” around their fields and gardens. Some people even mixed their seeds with those of wheat and other cereal grains for food. Others still used their seeds as makeshift grinding stones in place of actual stones! One of the reasons that farmers use joe pye weeds so much is due to their high nutritional value. In fact, in some parts of the world these plants are considered a delicacy and there are people who make their living collecting them from the wild. For example, the Native Americans were known to consume vast quantities of joe-pye weed seeds in the fall and even dried them for later use. They also used the plants to make tea and for a variety of other uses. Today, you can still buy joe-pye weed seeds online or at many local farm and ranch supply stores. It is best to purchase the seeds in the fall after they have already gone to seed. They are easy to spot because they resemble little kernels of corn. In fact, early farmers used to dry these seeds out and grind them up in place of corn! A joe pye weed plant can grow up to six feet in height and spread out over several feet wide. It is unwise to harvest joe-pye weed from the wild because it is an invasive species and could start taking over a large area. It is best to purchase them from someone who is growing them or to start your own from seed. The joe pye weed plant prefers full sun but will tolerate partial shade. It is fairly hardy and can grow in a variety of soil types although it does prefer rich loam. It can also survive drought conditions much better than most other garden plants. The plant is usually trimmed back by about two thirds of its height each year. This encourages it to put out more leaves and more nutrients for your livestock to consume. It takes about three years before the plant is large enough to provide any significant amount of grazing. After that, you will only need to trim it back a little each year for it to thrive. It is best to plant joe pye weed in the early fall so that it will have time to establish itself before the cold of winter arrives. The seeds are easy to sow but should be sprinkled over the soil and pressed in lightly. It shouldn’t take more than a couple of ounces of seeds to plant an acre! Once they are planted, you should keep the area moist but not soaked and well-weeded until spring. In the spring you can let the weeds grow or cultivate lightly throughout the growing season. The plants are ready to be harvested after the first frost. You can let them dry out and then store them for winter feed or cut them down and bale them right away. One acre of joe pye weed can produce up to three tons of dried forage per year! This is enough to feed a cow or ten sheep or goats for the entire winter. With this much nutritious feed, you probably won’t need to supplement their diet with any other food. If you do decide to grow joe pye weeds on your farm or ranch, be sure to save some for yourself! Pick the flowers before they go to seed since the seeds are very hard and not edible. The young leaves can also be eaten and have a sweet taste similar to lettuce. The next time you go to buy hay, don’t forget about all the free options that are available to you. Instead of feeding your livestock store-bought hay, you can grow your own for free using what nature provides! Want to learn more about growing your own feed? Then download my brand new book titled “Homesteading Basics: Feeding Your Family” for free! The post Free Farm Feed: How to Grow Your Own Hay appeared first on Backdoor Survival. Sources & references used in this article: Removing the invasive tree Ailanthus altissima and restoring natural cover by PL Burch, SM Z	512
We must find ways to come together to make decisions in the best interests of everyone. There will always be competing priorities on where to spend time and resources. However, when people come together to listen and learn from each other, we are able to understand the nature of the problems that affect us. If we are motivated to overcome the divisions and tensions that exist, we can make decisions that not only benefit the local community but help to build a socially just, economically equitable and environmentally sustainable society There are different ways to make decisions in groups, and creating spaces for healthy disagreement and sharing of ideas is not something that happens by accident. We need to find ways to teach ourselves and each other how to do it. Many ideas don’t require too much fuss. Most people are happy when someone is motivated to get on with it and are encouraging and supportive. Some ideas do need a conversation and ironing out especially where many people are involved. We always invite people into a discussion where we can deliberate and make the best choices. We seek to incorporate everyone’s views and compromise. We should always strive for consensus. Consensus does not mean everybody agrees. It means that nobody firmly disagrees. Where this is impossible then we must vote	252
A BALANCED DIET IS KEY Promoting Good Nutrition We encourage parents to visit the USDA “Choose My Plates” guide according to age. Preschoolers love to mimic their parents and adults around them. When offered a healthy variety of foods those experiences introduce and foster good eating habits. Children develop eating habits through early eating experiences and it may take more than ten tries for a child to accept new food and develop their taste buds. Meal time is enjoyable and we encourage our students to try new foods by describing color, feel and flavor. We recommend snack time have two options per snack of two different food groups like fruit or veggies paired with crackers or cheese and water to drink. We also recommend lunch time have three options of three food groups protein, veggies and fruit with milk to drink. Feeding Infants (Birth – 17 months) During the first year, infants experience more changes in diet than at any other time in life. Infant’s growth and development of motor skills progress very quickly from suckling liquids to being spoon fed and feeding themselves table foods. Each child’s progress is at their own pace. Adult interaction influences infant’s development of self-feeding skills and acceptance of a variety of foods. Feeding Toddlers (18 months – 3 years) As toddlers explore and gain control over themselves and their environment, they begin to take more responsibility for what and how much they eat. The adults’ role is to help the child establish positive attitude towards eating and offering a nutritional diet. Preschool age (3 years – 5 years) Nutritional habits are established early in life. The habits children learn during their preschool years will stay with them through life.	354
#Bloomberg: Getting Closer to Producing ‘Green’ Lithium for EV Batteries Europe is trying to build up a local battery-manufacturing industry to reduce dependency on Asian suppliers. Electric vehicles have become a focal point in the region, with governments bolstering subsidies to help carmakers recover from the pandemic and comply with stricter emissions standards. While fully-electric cars drive emissions-free, the production of batteries has been criticized for its carbon footprint. Mining lithium from rocks is energy-intensive and extracting it from dried lake beds, as is often done in South America, drains local water reserves. A process developed by an Australian firm is more environmentally friendly because its feedstock — hot salar brine — provides not only lithium but also heat to generate renewable energy, reducing the method’s overall carbon footprint.	171
Check out our range of Compost Bins, Bokashi Bins and other composting products. Around half of the household garbage is organic waste that can be recycled and be used to feed your garden by creating compost. Food scraps that are thrown to the rubbish end up in a landfill. In the landfill food waste decomposes and produces methane gas; a greenhouse gas which affects air quality and contributes to climate change. By turning some of your household waste into compost you are not only helping your garden to flourish but also you are being more sustainable and promoting a healthier environment.	116
At the end of 2018, Congress passed the Agricultural Improvement Act, also known as the Farm Bill. A revised version of this bill goes through congress every five years. The intent behind the Farm Bill is to set the “national agriculture, nutrition, conservation, and forestry policy.” Most years, the passing of this bill is relatively uneventful. Occasionally, there is some debate around it, but usually, it passes without much fuss. As such, if you haven’t heard about the Farm Bill until recently, you’re not alone. Many Americans are unaware of the contents of these bills. They also don’t realize that Congress is supposed to pass them once every five years. In the 2018, however, the contents of the Farm Bill contained a few essential provisions that would dramatically alter the legality and commercial landscape of Industrial Hemp and Cannabidiol (CBD) forever. To understand what this bill did for CBD, let’s take a look at a breakdown of the 2018 Farm Bill and the key takeaways for CBD. Critical 2018 Farm Bill benefit for CBD: legalization The 2018 Farm Bill removed Hemp-derived substances from the controlled substances list. Prior to the bill, industrial hemp and any products derived from the hemp plant were considered to be dangerous and addictive drugs with the law enforcement community considering hemp products to be equivalent to heroin. Descheduling CBD products effectively legalizes CBD, so long as it comes from Hemp that is legal under the Farm Bill itself. Many people talk about industrial Hemp or Hemp plant. While Hemp is a frequently used word in the Cannabis industry, it’s essential to understand its meaning. Hemp and Marijuana are often associated; this is because they both belong to the Cannabis plant family. Hemp and Cannabis are often used interchangeably, but there is a difference. This difference is more a matter of semantics. Hemp is defined as a subspecies of the Cannabis sativa plant that contains less than 0.3% Tetrahydrocannabinol, (THC), so CBD can not get you “high.” THC is the psychoactive chemical in Cannabis that is psychogenic, promoting a high or euphoric feeling. Plants with THC levels >0.3% are referred to as Marijuana. For decades, the law at the Federal level classified all cannabis plants in the same way. The 1937 Marijuana Tax Act levied taxes on the growing, selling, and distribution of Marijuana. This bill made Marijuana illegal because growers had to receive a tax stamp for their product from the government. Any products not containing the tax stamp were deemed illegal. Additionally, as part of the US Government’s “War on Drugs” passed the Controlled Substances Act in 1970, making Cannabis illegal in any form. This bill made is entirely unlawful to grow, sell, or possess any Marijuana, no matter how little THC it may have. The law stayed in effect for 48 years. The 2018 Farm Bill legalized Hemp. That is, it legalized any Cannabis plant with less than 0.3% THC (which is nowhere enough to create any psychoactive effects). You might be wondering what all this has to do with CBD. With the legalization of Hemp, any derivative products that come from these plants are also legal. The Cannabis plant contains many cannabinoids, which are chemicals that interact with our bodies in some meaningful way. Cannabis contains over 100 different cannabinoids. THC is one, CBD is another. Just because hemp doesn’t contain significant levels of THC doesn’t mean that there isn’t any CBD in there. Certain strains of legal Hemp contain high levels of CBD. As such, some CBD products that derive from Hemp are lawful to sell. But if that CBD comes from Marijuana (that is, a plant with over 0.3% THC), then it is illegal to sell. The Hemp market Is not entirely free Unfortunately, there are quite a few laws that intersect when it comes to Cannabis and its legality. There are state laws as well as federal laws, and each level can be in conflict with each other.. Sorting through the maze of issues can lead to significant headaches. The 2018 Farm Bill is not a single comprehensive license to grow as much Hemp as you want. It provides tight regulations that ensure that people are not able to grow Hemp as freely as other crops like carrots and celery. In other words, this Hemp bill won’t let you buy a Cannabis plant and put it in your backyard to get whatever CBD you would like. Perhaps the most telling feature of the Farm Bill is that it does not, in any way, make Cannabis with THC content above 0.3% legal. Federal law still classifies this as Marijuana, and possession and growing Marijuana carry with it steep penalties at the federal level! Therefore, you need to have a commercial enterprise where you can have 100% confidence that the plants you are growing will now have a THC content of 0.3% or above. If you try and grow hemp in your backyard, you might inadvertently break the law. It is worth noting that laws are different from state to state. Medical Marijuana is legal in several states, and recreational Marijuana is legal in 11. These states also have their own regulations on how Cannabis may be grown and sold. The	512
Navajo Bracelet, Blue Gem Turquoise, Twenty Stones, Cluster, Circa 1940s, 6 9/16" - Regular price - Sale price - Unit price \|Widest Point on Bracelet Band\|\|2.5\| \|Bracelet Wrist Size\|\|6.5\| \|Gemtype Stone Shape\|\|irregular-shape\| \|Number of Stones\|\|20\| \|Main Stone\|\|Blue Gem Turquoise\| In the mid 1800s silver making was introduced to the Navajo by their Mexican neighbors. They took their new skill and mastered it, creating a style that today is recognized around the world as Navajo. The Navajo would then teach their Zuni neighbors and later the Hopi would learn making the Southwest known for silver art. These early smiths did things different than today's artists. Working conditions and tools were very primitive, this is a time with no electricity on the Reservations and scarce materials. Also, in the beginning silver was made and traded locally, no tourist trade, yet. A silversmith was looked at with great esteem and jewelry was a sign of wealth. Inside Circumference (does not include opening) - 5 3/8" Opening - 1 3/16" Widest Point - 2 1/8" Weight - 80.3 grams Cannot be adjusted	283
PFAS in water are already regulated. Environmental advocates think it's time for food to be regulated too. The EPA's Office of Inspector General issued an emergency alert on Monday warning about data discrepancies concerning toxic chemical releases. Frequent chemical fires in the Houston area signal larger deficiencies in oversight of the chemical industry at both the state and federal levels. Public officials and Texas' environmental regulator maintain that the chemicals released in the fire did not pose a health risk. Congress will consider a bill requiring states to work with federal agencies to remove and remediate water contaminated with a dangerous chemical compound. Tests have revealed that water in Parchment, Michigan, contains 20 times the federal health advisory for dangerous substances known as PFAS. Harvard University and Google together launched a center on Wednesday that "will seek to reduce the use of harmful chemicals in building products and materials." The Environmental Protection Agency made a splash on Tuesday for barring journalists from three news outlets from attending, in person, a summit about contaminants in drinking water. Toxicologists are finding possible carcinogens in the bodies of otters and bald eagles, some of the Great Lakes' greatest wildlife. The U.N. enlists the arts to bring home the arcane but vital necessity of reducing the phalanx of chemicals saturating our bodies. Additional studies suggest that common pesticides may be endocrine disruptors, bad news that nonetheless warms the heart of one citizen scientist.	294
A large number of subsided wetlands have formed in eastern China in areas with high-intensity mining. However, data are not currently available to indicate their spatial distribution and expansion in the past thirty years. This paper uses a modified normalized difference water index (mNDWI) and a maximum between-cluster variance (OTSU) image segmentation algorithm to extract the subsided wetlands in mining areas with high ground-water levels of eastern China from 1988 to 2018 based on Google Earth Engine. The results show that the overall accuracy of the extraction of subsided wetlands is 98%; the Kappa coefficient reached 0.81. The total area of subsided wetland in 2018 was 26,034.88 ha, of which 14,290.97 ha was in Anhui Province, accounting for 54.89% of all such wetlands. The spatial extent of subsided wetlands has grown rapidly in the past three decades with the area of subsided wetlands expanding by 11.86 times from 1988 to 2018. The total area of subsided wetlands in the winter of 2018 was 25,296.25 ha, which was smaller than in summer. This indicates that seasonal precipitation affects the spatial extent of subsided wetlands. Although some restoration activities have been successful, most of the subsided wetlands still need active development and management. In conclusion, mNDWI and OTSU image segmentation algorithms could quickly and accurately allow the extraction of the spatial extent of subsided wetlands. Subsided wetlands have strong potential for development in future ecological restoration. The ecosystem services of wetlands and availability of dynamic monitoring technology should be considered important in the future. This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution. Buy single article Instant access to the full article PDF. Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout. Subscribe to journal Immediate online access to all issues from 2019. Subscription will auto renew annually. Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout. An S, Li H, Guan B, Zhou C, Wang Z, Deng Z, Zhi Y, Liu Y, Xu C, Fang S, Jiang J, Li H (2007) China’s natural wetlands: past problems, current status, and future challenges. Ambio 36(4):335–342. https://doi.org/10.1579/0044-7447(2007)36[335:CNWPPC]2.0.CO;2 Bancheva-Preslavska H, Bezlova D (2018) Communication criteria for conservation and sustainable use of bulgarian wetlands of international importance. J Environ Prot Ecol 19(4):1873–1880 Blanchette M, Lund M (2016) Pit lakes are a global legacy of mining: an integrated approach to achieving sustainable ecosystems and value for communities. Curr Opin Environ Sustain 23:28–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cosust.2016.11.012 Costanza R, de Groot R, Sutton P, van der Ploeg S, Anderson SJ, Kubiszewski I, Farber S, Turner RK (2014) Changes in the global value of ecosystem services. Global Environ Change 26(1):152–158. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2014.04.002 Darmody RG, Bauer R, Barkley D, Clarke S, Hamilton D (2014) Agricultural impacts of longwall mine subsidence: the experience in Illinois, USA and Queensland, Australia. Int J Coal Sci Technol 1(2):207–212. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40789-014-0026-1 Davidson NC (2014) How much wetland has the world lost? Long-term and recent trends in global wetland area. Mar Freshw Res 65(10):934–941. https://doi.org/10.1071/MF14173 Davranche A, Lefebvre G, Poulin B (2010) Wetland monitoring using classification trees and SPOT-5 seasonal time series. Remote Sens Environ 114(3):552–562. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2009.10.009 Diao X, Bai Z, Wu K, Zhou D, Li Z (2018) Assessment of mining induced damage to structures using InSAR time series analysis : a case study of Jiulong Mine, China. Environ Earth Sci 77(5):1–14. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-018-7353-2 Ding Y, Chan J (2005) The East Asian summer monsoon: an overview. Meteorol Atmos Phys 89(1–4):117–142. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00703-005-0125-z Donchyts G, Baart F, Winsemius H, Gorelick N, Kwadijk J, Van De Giesen N (2016) Earth’s surface water change over the past 30 years. Nat Clim Change 6(9):810–813. https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate3111 Gardner, R. C., Finlayson, M. (2018). Global wetland outlook: State of the world’s wetlands and their services to people. Secretariat of the Ramsar Convention. Gorelick N, Hancher M, Dixon M, Ilyushchenko S, Thau D, Moore R (2017) Google earth engine: planetary-scale geospatial analysis for everyone. Remote Sens Environ 202:18–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2017.06.031 Guo A, Li X, Tang X, Xu Y (2011) The change of Tangshan Nanhu City wetland landscape based on multi-level classification method. ICCRD2011–2011 3rd Int Conf Comput Res Develop 2:440–443. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCRD.2011.5764169 Horwitz P, Finlayson CM (2011) Wetlands as settings for human health: incorporating ecosystem services and health impact assessment into water resource management. Bioscience 61(9):678–688. https://doi.org/10.1525/bio.2011.61.9.6 Hu Z, Gu H (1995) Reclamation planning for abandoned mining subsidence lands in Eastern China: a case study. Int J Surf Min Reclam Environ 9(3):129–132. https://do	512
This is a portal from teachers to teachers. Share your activities and see them featured here! Innovator and Rover in the classroom I have been been using the TI Innovator and Rover with both Primary and Secondary students (9 to 18 year olds) for over a year now. Author: John Bament Topic: Biology, Computer Science, Mathematics Tags: 2D shapes, Angles, Coding, History of maths, Mathematical thinking, Number puzzles, Patterns, Polygons, Presentation, Programming, Problem Solving, Sharing Inspiration 2019, STEM, TI-Innovator, TI-Innovator Rover Moving from Degrees to Radians Measuring angles using degrees and radians (both decimals and fractions of π). Publisher: Texas Instruments UK Editor: Barrie Galpin Author: Nevil Hopley Tags: Fractions, Decimals, Angles, History of maths, Trigonometry Squaring the Circle The classic geometry problem of "squaring the circle" Author: Adrian Oldknow Tags: History of maths, Geometry © Copyright 1995-2017 Texas Instruments Incorporated. All rights reserved.	248
For the lips of the immoral woman drip honey, and her mouth is smoother than oil; In Israel, the term “immoral woman” referred to one of three things: (1) idolaters who were outside the covenant, (2) Israelites who had once walked with God but turned aside to worship other gods, (3) those in Israel who were unfaithful to their husbands. Each of these contexts speaks of betrayal and forsaking a covenant. In this passage, “fountains” and “streams” are images used to illustrate sex and its boundaries of propriety. Pictured here is the foolishness of sexual promiscuity: one should neither seek sex from (5:15), nor offer it to (5:16-17), anyone other than his or her spouse. In erotic language that is similar to Song of Solomon, these verses describe intimacy between a husband and wife. Sexual expression is given by God for the delight of married couples. When marriage is viewed chiefly as a business arrangement, human passion seeks other outlets. -from The Jeremiah Study Bible Jesus has just called his first disciples to follow him (4:19, 21), and they have enthusiastically responded to his call to join him in gathering people into the kingdom in the same way they once gathered fish from the sea (4:19; 13:47). Now Jesus begins to teach his disciples how their own lives can serve as examples to others of what the kingdom of God will look like when it comes (5:1–7:29). “The Sermon on the Mount” (chs. 5–7) is structurally similar to the Mosaic law. Like the Mosaic law, it begins with a reminder of God’s blessing and grace. The first five beatitudes (5:3–7) emphasize that God’s blessing comes to those who understand their need of his mercy, just as the Mosaic law begins with a reminder of God’s gracious rescue of his people from slavery in Egypt (Ex. 19:4; 20:2). Also like the Mosaic law, the Sermon on the Mount describes the way of life that God calls his people to display as a means of showing the world the character of its Creator. Israel was to be a kingdom of priests, mediating God’s character and will for the rest of humanity to all the earth (Ex. 19:5–6). Jesus’ followers are to be salt and light in the world so that it might see their good works and glorify God (Matt. 5:13–16). In addition, both the Mosaic law and the Sermon on the Mount end with a description of the blessing that comes to those who follow their teaching and the trouble that comes to those who disobey (Leviticus 26;Deuteronomy 28–30; cf. Matt. 7:24–27). It is important to avoid two errors in interpreting the “Sermon on the Mount.” First, it is not a description of the requirements for entering the kingdom of God. Jesus taught this material to those who had already responded to his call to follow him (4:18–22; 5:1). Second, it is not an idealistic description of the way life will function after God has fully established his kingdom in the future. In that day, there will be no need to turn the other cheek (5:39). Rather, these teachings are a description of what life looks like for followers of Jesus as they try to be faithful to him and to the values of God’s kingdom in a world that God has not yet fully transformed. They are about living as ambassadors of God’s kingdom in a foreign land. In short, the Sermon shows us what life should look like for a heart that has been melted and transformed by the gospel of grace, while also making clear the true nature of God’s standards of righteousness—high standards which mean that our right standing with God is ultimately dependent on the grace of the One who tells us of them. These first five blessings affirm an important principle for understanding the Sermon on the Mount. The Sermon is not an instruction manual for winning God’s favor. Rather, it describes how God wants those to live who have already been transformed by his grace because they have understood their weakness and need for his mercy. The “poor in spirit” (v. 3) are those who know that they, as sinners, do not have the spiritual resources necessary to carry out God’s demands. “Those who mourn” and who “hunger and thirst for righteousness” (vv. 4, 6) have experienced the disaster that disobedience to God has brought to the world. Because they understand their true position of weakness before God, the “meek” (v. 5) have a humility that translates into treating others with kindness. The “merciful” are those who understand their own need for God’s mercy (v. 7). The Sermon on the Mount describes how those who have already decided to follow Jesus (4:18–22; 5:1) are called to demonstrate the character of God and his kingdom through the character of their lives. The Mosaic law is God’s truthful, eternal word that continues to stand as a witness to his character and his gracious, redemptive work among his people (Ps. 19:7–11; Psalm 119; Rom. 7:12). This does not mean, however, that it is to be observed by God’s people after Jesus’ coming in the same way that it was observed among his people before Jesus came. When Jesus says that he came to “fulfill” the Law and the Prophets (Matt. 5:17), he means that both the Law and the Prophets pointed forward to his teaching.	512
Small farmers and ranchers may soon find their new hires are no longer human. But if a group of robotics researchers have their way, they may end up with something even better. The Rise of the Farm Robot The SwagBot, an omni-directional electric robotic ground vehicle, developed by the Australian Centre for Field Robotics (ACFR) has been designed to assist farmers in monitoring their property and cattle. The ACFR has been researching ways in which the agricultural community can use autonomous, remote-sensing and robotics with intelligent software over the past decade. The SwagBot is one of several of the prototypes the organization has been testing. As reported by Mashable Australia, the SwagBot so far has proven it can get around in rugged environments efficiently. Salah Sukkarieh, a professor of robotics at Sydney University and project lead for agricultural robotics at ACFR, tells Mashable: “Because of the type of terrain … it needed to have enough power and articulation capability to clamber over logs and ditches. We’re looking at how we can increase the level of autonomy so it makes it easier for the growers, which are usually just one man.” According to the report, the battery-operated all-wheel drive bot can reach speeds of 9 to 12 mph on smooth terrain. With researchers looking to deliver the SwagBot in the $20-25,000 range, it remains to be seen if the total cost of ownership will be worth it for farmers. In addition to the SwagBot, ACFR also has created Robot for Intelligent Perception and Precision Application (RIPPA) which will have another robot called Variable Injection Intelligent Precision Applicator (VIIPA) mounted on top of it to autonomously shoot weeds at high speed using a directed micro-dose of liquid. The Ladybird is a mobile ground farm robot designed to monitor and harvest vegetables in a broad-acre setting by carrying out autonomous tasks in the farm, including mapping, classifying, detecting, weeding and eventually harvesting different types of crops. The need for more efficiency in agriculture is being pushed by industrial scale farmers owned by large corporations around the world. However, once costs are low enough, it’s also possible these devices may make management of smaller agricultural operations easier too. Larger growers are implementing farm management systems to produce the greatest yield by scrutinizing every piece of data to the granular level in order to find ways to maximize output. The role of robotics in this new environment will be to monitor the land, plants, livestock, environment and more. A report released by the UN agency, The Food and Agriculture Organization, revealed by 2050 agricultural production will have to rise by 70 percent to meet projected demand. This of course means farmers will have to increase their yields dramatically, and robotics is just one piece of the puzzle that will make this possible. Robots in the Workforce Industrial robots have been around for some time, and most people have accepted their use in these settings. But as the development in robotics continues to deliver more sophisticated devices with greater capabilities, their deployment in other parts of the workforce has raised many questions. Fears that technology will lead to increased unemployment are legitimate. But the past has shown human beings are able to adapt to the changes and generate new opportunities. Still, it is important to point out the technology being developed today is much more sophisticated. As reported in the Harvard Political Review, “Computers and other digital advances are doing for mental power … what the steam engine and its descendants did for muscle power.” Basically what the report is saying is, it is not just manual labor that will be in danger. On the other hand, if these machines become available to smaller companies and entrepreneurs, they may be used creatively to level the playing the field making it easier and easier for these smaller businesses to compete. Images: Australian Centre for Field Robotics	512
About the Organization: TWAS – The World Academy of Sciences for the advancement of science in developing countries – works to support sustainable prosperity through research, education, policy and diplomacy. TWAS was founded in 1983 by a distinguished group of scientists from the developing world, under the leadership of Abdus Salam, the Pakistani physicist and Nobel laureate. They shared a belief that developing nations, by building strength in science and engineering, could build the knowledge and skill to address such challenges as hunger, disease and poverty. TWAS Research Grants Programme in Basic Sciences (Individuals) Under this scheme, grants are awarded to promising high-level research projects in Biology, Chemistry, Mathematics and Physics carried out by individual scientists in one of the S&T-lagging countries identified by TWAS. The TWAS Research Grants Programme in Basic Sciences was established in response to the needs of researchers in developing countries, particularly those attached to institutions that lack appropriate research facilities. Under this scheme, grants can be awarded for research projects in Biology, Chemistry, Mathematics and Physics either to individual young researchers, or to research units in the science-and-technology-lagging countries (S&TLC) identified by TWAS, to enable them to purchase the research facilities they need to enhance their productivity. The TWAS Research Grants Programme in Basic Sciences aims to: - Reinforce and promote scientific research in basic sciences in developing countries; - Strengthen developing countries’ endogenous capacity in science; - Reduce the exodus of scientific talents from the South; - Build and sustain units of scientific excellence in S&TLC over a longer period to help them achieve a critical mass of highly qualified and innovative scientists capable of addressing real-life problems facing their countries. - TWAS Research Grants are awarded to high-level promising research projects in Biology, Chemistry, Mathematics and Physics carried out by individual scientists in the S&T-lagging countries (S&TLC) identified by TWAS. - Research Grants to individual scientists amount to a maximum of USD 15,000. - The grants, which are normally provided for a period of 24 months, may be used to purchase scientific equipment, consumables and specialized literature (textbooks and proceedings only). They do not cover salaries of researchers and/or students, field expenses, or travel expenses. In addition, the purchase of laptops, tablets, drones and laboratory animals is not supported. - Individual applicants must be nationals of developing countries. They must hold a PhD, be at the beginning of their careers, but already have some research experience. They must hold a position at a university or research institution in one of the S&TLCs and be under 45 years of age. - Applicant must at the time of application NOT have an active research grant with TWAS or OWSD Early Career Women Scientists (ECWS) Fellowship. - Applications from women scientists and those working in Least Developed Countries are especially encouraged. - You must submit a strong Research Proposal, you may find further information on how to wrtire a strong proposal by visiting AuthorAID. - Individual scientists who submit a satisfactory final report on a previous grant may apply for a renewal. - Please be advised that applicants may apply for only one programme per calendar year in the TWAS and OWSD portfolio. Applicants will not be eligible to visit another institution in that year under the TWAS Visiting Professor programmes. One exception: The head of an institution who invites an external scholar to share his/her expertise under the TWAS Visiting Professor programmes may still apply for another programme. Deadline: 14 April 2021 For more information please check the Link	512
It is a well-known truth that dogs have a great sense of smell and hence used to detect explosives and drugs. But did you know that they can identify pests too? Most breeds of dogs have much more receptors in their nose than humans, and that makes it possible for them to distinguish even the smallest difference in smell irrespective of rain, mud or snow. Utilising this a leading professional pest control company is training dogs to sniff out pests that are in residential, commercial or other such types of buildings. Read more here at www.westernexterminator.com/bed-bugs/canine-bed-bug-detection/. Many are sceptical about the use of canines for pest detection. But when trained, a dog can more accurately detect infestations than humans. Moreover, since these pests are not very visible to human eye, dogs with their sense of smell can find them. Listed below are some of the infestations that canines can detect. Bed bug: This is a widespread infestation in places where there are many visitors. These bed bugs are usually found in hotels, schools or sometimes at home too. These pests are on the beds and suck the blood of the victim when they are sleeping and cause itchy red skin. This irritation on the skin can lead to a sleepless night. It is best to consult a professional pest control company to control the spread and infestation. The area has to be surveyed using monitoring devices or have dogs survey the area to find hidden bugs in the bed. There are studies which state that a trained dog can detect with high accuracy but also depends on the training provided. Termite detection: Detecting a termite can be done using many methods, many pest control professionals use termite monitoring stations to find and treat those infestations. Dogs like German shepherd and beagles can be trained to detect these termites. Moreover, a study was conducted to determine if the canines can differentiate between wood with infestation currently and previously infested material and they were able to distinguish them. It was also found that they can separate the termites from cockroaches and carpenter ants with great ease. Another interesting study was about the success rate of finding termites when there were 40 or more they could see infestations more than 90% of the time. Mosquito detection: During dry seasons the mosquito population reduces as there are no open water bodies to lay their eggs when the rains return these thrive due to the presence of water. Some researchers tried to restrict the population during the dry season so that they do not flourish in the rainy season. But it was difficult to find their infestations and hence could not be controlled. All that changed when a German shepherd dog with its sense of smell was used to sniff those larvae out. This dog was trained to sniff out a type of grass which contained vetiver oil which is released by these mosquitoes when they hide in the dry season. The dog was then used to find these hidden places and then destroy the infestation. Pest management companies are continually finding innovative ways to manage pests and using canine is one such method. Read Also : Know Some Of The Best Dog Breeds In India	512
Can Faiths Make Peace? Kort om boken Forklaring av formater Bok med hardt omslag. Heftet bok med mykt omslag. Bok med tykke, stive sider. Lydbok på digikort. Krever Digispiller. Lydbok eller musikk på CD. Krever CD-spiller eller annen kompatibel avspiller. Vinylplate. Krever platespiller. DVD-film. Krever DVD-spiller eller annen kompatibel avspiller. Blu-ray-film. Krever Blu-ray-spiller eller annen kompatibel avspiller. Om Can Faiths Make Peace? It is often alleged that religion is a major cause of war and dissent. History is littered with the wreckage of religious conflict, from the crusades onwards, and it is frequently maintained that it is religion which is the tinderbox that ignites so many regional disputes - from Bosnia's ethnic cleansing to the ongoing conflict in Iraq. If religion is on trial, the evidence against it so often seems damning. But is the picture really as grim as has been painted? Very little is heard in defence of religion and few attempts have been made to put the other side of the case. The essays in this volume are among the first systematically to explore the role of religion as a force for peace, both historically and in the contemporary world. They focus on the efforts which have been made by individuals, communities and religious groups to secure conflict-resolution and replace hostility with tolerance and mutual respect. Specific topics explored include: nationalism and religious conflict; revolution and religious wars; the impact of secularisation; ethnicity and religion; conflict over holy places; and making and keeping the peace.	388
A sleep disorder can affect your quality of life, as sleep is just as important as physical health. Some sleep disorders, like narcolepsy, can cause serious disruptions in a person’s daily routine. The expert staff at Banner Health is here to help treat any sleep disorders to help you live a better life. Narcolepsy is a chronic sleep disorder that causes overwhelming drowsiness during the day and sudden attacks of sleep. People with narcolepsy can find it difficult to stay awake for long periods of time, regardless of the circumstances. There are two common types of narcolepsy. Narcolepsy Type 1 can be accompanied by uncontrollable muscle weakness and loss of muscle tone (cataplexy), which happens suddenly while a person is awake. Cataplexy is similar to the muscle weakness that happens during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep at night. Since it causes muscle weakness, it can make people feel like they’re going to collapse and, in rare cases, also causes involuntary muscle movements. Due to these symptoms, cataplexy can be misdiagnosed as a seizure disorder. People with Narcolepsy Type 1 are more at risk for cataplexy after experiencing strong emotional responses, like stress, laughter, fear or excitement. In mild attacks, the cataplexy can appear as something small, like a drooping eyelid. In more severe cases, people may experience a total body collapse. The duration of these episodes varies, but can last anywhere from a few seconds to a few minutes. The amount of times a person with Narcolepsy Type 1 experiences cataplexy is unique to each individual. Some may experience several cataplexy episodes per week while others may only experience it a few times throughout their lives. Narcolepsy Type 2 involves the common narcolepsy symptoms, but occurs without the cataplexy. There is also a third, very rare type of narcolepsy called secondary narcolepsy. Secondary narcolepsy typically results from a brain injury, specifically to the hypothalamus region. This is the region of the brain that regulates sleep. Narcolepsy is not very common but has recently become more common for unknown reasons. Narcolepsy is a chronic condition, and while there is currently no cure, it can be managed with medications and lifestyle changes. The exact cause of narcolepsy is unknown. People with Narcolepsy Type 1 typically have low levels of hypocretin, which helps regulate wakefulness and REM sleep. This neurochemical is particularly low in people who experience cataplexy and low levels may be caused by an autoimmune reaction. In some cases (about 1 percent), genetics can play a role in the development of narcolepsy. Research also shows that there is also a possible association with narcolepsy and exposure to swine flu (H1N1 virus). Symptoms of narcolepsy can develop over the course of several years, often worsening for the first few years and continuing for life. These symptoms include: Your doctor will take note of symptoms of excessive daytime sleepiness and sudden loss of muscle tone for a preliminary diagnosis. After this initial evaluation, your doctor may also refer you to a sleep specialist for further evaluation. During your sleep evaluation, your doctor may recommend an overnight stay at a sleep center followed by a daytime nap study (Multiple Sleep Latency Test) for an in-depth sleep analysis by sleep specialists. Sleep specialists will be able to make a formal diagnosis of narcolepsy by looking at the following: Looking at this information can help doctors rule out other sleep disorders that can cause excessive daytime sleepiness, such as chronic sleep deprivation, sleep apnea or the use of sedating medications. There is currently no cure for narcolepsy. However, treatment options, including medication and lifestyle changes, can help manage symptoms. Medications that are typically prescribed for narcolepsy include: If you have narcolepsy, your doctor will work with you to find a treatment plan that is right for your individual needs. In addition to medication, making small lifestyle changes can help manage narcolepsy symptoms, such as: If you’re driving a long distance, be sure to talk to your doctor about medications that can help you stay awake throughout your drive. Stop for naps and exercise breaks if necessary. If you are experiencing symptoms of narcolepsy, our sleep specialists can work with you to create an individualized care plan to meet your needs. Talk to your doctor today.	512
About Prince Edward Island Take this opportunity to learn about the Canadian province of Prince Edward Island. Known as "the Garden Province", Prince Edward Island is one of the four Atlantic provinces of Canada. As Canada's smallest and least populous province, Prince Edward Island is home to only 140,000 people. Prince Edward Island's capital and largest city is Charlottetown, with just over 40,000 people. Prince Edward Island is known for its natural beauty, including its 800 km of beaches. On this page you'll find information on: - Economy and Employment - Standard of Living - Health Care - Major City - Links and Resources Prince Edward Island Economy and Employment Agriculture, tourism and fishing are the main industries present in Prince Edward Island. About 30 percent of Canada's potatoes are grown in Prince Edward Island, providing the most important source of income for the province's 2,000 farms. Tourism, in particular, is on the rise as the Island's charm, landscapes, and golf courses entice greater numbers of visitors each year. The manufacturing sector is comprised mainly of food processing. High-technology is also becoming important, especially in the medical, electronics and agricultural fields. The fishing industry, once a major employer in the province, has been in decline due to depleting stocks of fish in the once teeming Grand Banks area. The effect of this decline is that the unemployment rate in Prince Edward Island stands at over 10 percent, making it the second highest among Canadian provinces. The government is making efforts to train those from the fishing industry left without jobs to work in P.E.I.'s growth industries. Prince Edward Island Standard of Living In Prince Edward Island, average families can afford a comfortable life thanks to the relatively low costs of living, as compared to some other Canadian provinces. Housing and heating costs, as well as the cost of living generally, are among the lowest in Canada. The mandatory minimum wage is $10.35/hr. Prince Edward Island Residential Housing Prince Edward Island has a low population and, consequently, affordable housing is widely available in the province.The average price of a house in P.E.I. is around $200,000, making it one of the most affordable places to live in the country. In addition, the average percentage of household income taken up by ownership costs varies between 21–32%, depending on the type of home involved, which is among the lowest in Canada. Prince Edward Island Education In Canada, all citizens and permanent residents under the age of 20 are entitled to free education through the end of high school through the public school system. Prince Edward Island offers a leading system of public education for its residents, beginning with Early Childhood Education programs and continuing right through to Grade 12. For those entering skilled trades after secondary school, the province has a comprehensive program of apprenticeships and training to help people learn a trade and find jobs as well. Post-secondary education in Prince Edward Island is delivered through the province's one publicly funded university, the University of Prince Edward Island, Holland College, a publicly funded community college with eleven campuses throughout the province, the francophone Adult Learning Centre in Wellington, and a number of private career training schools. The University of Prince Edward Island is home to the Atlantic Veterinary College, which serves all four Atlantic provinces: Prince Edward Island, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and Newfoundland and Labrador. Prince Edward Island Health Care Under Canadian Law, all provinces and territories must provide universal, publicly funded health care to all citizens and legal residents of Canada. In other words, most basic health services in Canada are offered at no direct cost to the patient. Certain procedures that are not deemed necessary (such as elective cosmetic surgery and a number of dental care procedures, for example) are generally not covered, but the list of services paid for publicly varies from province to province. The Medical Care Plan of Prince Edward Island ensures that all medically necessary physician services and surgical-dental services (for example, surgical removal of impacted teeth, root resection, etc.) are provided to all citizens and permanent residents. Prince Edward Island History Prince Edward Island is named for Prince Edward Augustus, the Duke of Kent, who was the father of Queen Victoria. Prior to its current name, however, the province has had some other names that reflect other stages in its history. The original First Nations inhabitants of the island were the Miâkmaq people, who called the island "Abegwiet", meaning "Land cradled by the waves." The French were the first Europeans to settle on the island, giving it the name "Ile St. Jean" as part of the French Colony of Acadia. After the British captured the island from the French, the island was given its current name in 1798. At the time, its peaceful natural beauty made it a popular vacation destination for Britis	512
It is woodlouse season - the little critters may usually be found out in the garden, hiding under plant pots, but now they are invading homes. They may make you shudder but don’t panic, they’re nowhere near as bad as they seem. Which is a good thing because as the sunshine continues, we will be seeing a lot more of these creepy-crawlies – if they’re not in your house already, reports Wales Online . And, since they’re set to become our new neighbours for a while at least, we thought we should get to know them a little better. What exactly are woodlice? Woodlice are arthropods. Their bodies are divided into segments and their legs have several joints. They have a rigid, segmented, long exoskeleton and usually feed on dead plant material, and they are usually active at night. What do they eat? James Byrne, Living Landscapes Manager at Wildlife Trusts Wales, explains for us. He said: "Every garden - and even many window boxes - will have woodlice. "Although they may nibble a few seedlings, they are not at all destructive to garden plants and perform the essential function of eating decaying or dead plant matter, and also (usefully if you have a dog!) animal dung." Woodlice feed on mildew and rotting plants, and can be large in numbers in compost heaps or under rocks in the garden. The Common Woodlouse feeds on dead and decaying matter and is an important nutrient-recycler in the various habitats it lives in. They tend to hide in damp places during the day, especially in hot, dry weather. There are about 30 species of woodlice in Britain, which range from pink to brown to grey in colour. "In turn, they are eaten by many other species including common toads, common shrews, ground beetles, harvestmen and by some spiders", James said. "Some female birds needing calcium to form their eggs may also eat woodlice, as well as fragments of snail shells." Do they live inside or outside? James explained: "As the weather gets warmer and drier, woodlice look for damp places to hide out of the sun and can end up in your house. "If you have woodlice in your house, move them to a shaded spot in the garden and fill in any holes they might have used to get into the house. "These can be around windows, especially if the frame is made of old wood or is a bit damp." Where do they fall in the food chain? Many commonly overlooked insects are actually important nutrient-recyclers in the habitats they live in. Minibeasts, like woodlice, can be encouraged into the garden by the provision of logs, stone piles and compost heaps for them to hide, feed and breed in. In turn, other species will be attracted to the garden, because minibeasts are a food source for many animals, including mammals, birds and amphibians - so they actually provide a vital link in the food chain. How do you get rid of them? Unless the invasion is out of hand, there is no need to call pest control as there are simple ways to get rid of any unwanted houseguests. One way is to simply sweep them up with a dustpan and brush and put them back outside, away from the front door, which is where they belong after all. Another, less humane way, is to use the nozzle attachment of your hoover and suck them up and then empty the contents of your hoover bag or cylinder into the compost bin.	512
Pressure Injury (Ulcer) Prevention from Head to Foot Patients who are immobile for prolonged periods such as with sedated patients who are on mechanical ventilation or patients recovering from surgical procedures or when turning the patient is not an option, are at risk for pressure injury. Exposure to continuous high pressure can lead to pressure injuries (ulcers) and increased treatment costs. Pressure injury prevention with Dabir surfaces is the key to avoiding these conditions. Dabir Surfaces can preserve arterial, venous and lymphatic blood flow for these patients to help maintain healthy tissue perfusion. Rows of geometric nodes provide dynamic alternating pressure relief to patients that helps reduce the effects of skin shear that can lead to pressure injuries. This innovative surface was designed to take the guesswork out of pressure injury (ulcer) prevention and reduce treatment costs for hospitals.	174
Choose one of the “stories” provided in the above link and respond as follows – Provide a “brief” summary of the story. Identify and discuss the *global partnerships that contributed to the success of the endeavor. Include which sustainable goal is addressed with this effort or organization. Then, respond to the following questions 1. How can poor countries with resource limitations be held to the same human rights standards as rich countries? 2. Is there an obligation of international cooperation? Explain 3. What are governmental human rights obligations in society? Explain	119
\|\|Last Updated: Nov 12th, 2006 - 20:38:00 Omega-3 protection trumps mercury toxin risk, studies find By E.J. Mundell TUESDAY, Oct. 17 (HealthDay News) -- Americans looking for safe, healthy eating should focus first on fish, according to two government-funded reviews that weighed the pros and cons of eating the finned food. The verdict: "Fish is likely the single most important food to eat for health, based on the evidence," said the co-author of one of the studies, Dr. Dariush Mozaffarian, an instructor in the department of epidemiology at the Harvard School of Public Health. That study was funded by the U.S. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, and is published in the Oct. 18 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association. Mozaffarian said that while a few species do contain worrisome levels of mercury and other contaminants, "when both risks and benefits are considered for the general population, the benefits of fish intake far outweigh the possible risks." The second major analysis, funded by the Institute of Medicine (IOM), found similar results based on a review of the literature. The IOM panelists agreed that while certain long-lived species may pose a mercury risk to women and young children, fish on the whole is good for Americans. Those results, contained in a report titled Seafood Choices: Balancing Benefits and Risks, were announced at a Washington, D.C., news conference on Tuesday. "Both studies come out with the same conclusion -- seafood is safe and nutritious and Americans should incorporate a variety of seafood in their diets to reduce risk of death from heart disease. In fact, there's a bigger health risk associated with not eating seafood among adults due to coronary heart disease, the primary cause of death among Americans," William T. Hogarth, director of National Marine Fisheries Service, said during the news conference. One nutrition expert agreed with the findings, especially when it comes to the omega-3 fatty acids found in oily fish such as mackerel, salmon and sardines. "Omega-3s are, right now, the superstars of the nutrition world," said Katherine Tallmadge, a Washington, D.C., nutritionist who's a spokeswoman for the American Dietetic Association. "There's no question about it -- this is a really critical nutrient that we need, and hardly any Americans are getting enough." By now, most Americans have heard of the health benefits of omega-3 fatty acids, which are found in greatest abundance in oily, cold-water fish such as herring, mackerel, sardines, salmon and anchovies. There are two main omega-3s -- eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Among other benefits, these compounds are thought to aid in fetal, infant and child neurological development and also protect adults against cholesterol and heart disease. But oily fish have a darker side. Industrial toxins can make their way into the water supply and end up in concentrated form in the flesh of these fish. Methylmercury, especially, has been linked to developmental problems in newborns and heart, nervous system and kidney damage in adults. For this reason, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration have each issued warnings about the consumption of a few -- but certainly not all -- fish species by women of childbearing age. So, is regular fish consumption still good for most people? To find out, Mozaffarian and co-researcher Eric Rimm pored over dozens of studies on the subject conducted up to the spring of this year. They found that the benefits of fish for heart health far outweighed any risks for the vast majority of consumers. For example, even modest consumption of fish -- one to two servings a week -- cut the overall death risk by 17 percent and deaths from coronary causes by 36 percent, especially if those fish were of the more oily varieties. Even 250 grams a day of omega-3 fatty acids, considered a relatively low level, were sufficient to start protecting the heart, the researchers said. Ideally, this level of intake could come from just one 6-ounce serving a week of wild salmon or other oily fish. Alternatively, it could come in the form of a fish-oil supplement, the researchers said. The IOM report agreed with those findings. The agency said it is not yet clear whether the cardiac benefits of fish stem from omega-3 fatty acids, or whether people are simply "substituting the lean protein of seafood for fatty cuts of meat" in their diet. Caveats remain, however. The Harvard team said that, due to high mercury content, pregnant women or women who believe they could become pregnant are still advised to avoid four fish species: King mackerel (not Atlantic mackerel); shark; swordfish; and golden bass (also known as tilefish). The IOM said another species, white albacore tuna, should only be consumed in amounts under 6 ounces per week. Because omega-3s are so beneficial for the developing fetus, pregnant women are strongly encouraged to eat all other fish species, Mozaffarian said. In its recommendations, the IOM panel also suggested that pregnant women and child	512
United Arab Emirates (UAE) takes the lead in going green by unveiling ‘Noor Abu Dhabi’ the largest individual solar power project in the world. Developed by Emirate Water and Electricity Company, it just has reduced its carbon footprint by lowering its dependence on oil for powering its grid systems. Although there are some solar parks larger than Noor Abu Dhabi but they are not run by a single company. Noor Abu Dhabi project is not state-financed; it is a joint venture between the Abu Dhabi Government and a consortium made up of China’s Jinko Solar Holding and Japan’s Marubeni Corp. Here are some of its features: - Noor Abu Dhabi has a peak capacity of 1.18 Gigawatts - The solar plant is worth Abu Dhabi’s Dh3.2 billion (~$870 million) - This Solar power project houses about 3.2 million solar panels. - This project will generate enough energy to cover the demand of 90,000 people. - Energy generated by this park will reduce Abu Dhabi’s CO2 emissions by 1 million metric tons which is equivalent to taking 200,000 cars off the road. Biggest individual solar project because of its high-output Mohammad Hassan Al Suwaidi, Chairman of EWEC while expressing the strength of this project said, “The completion of the project marks a significant milestone in the UAE’s Energy Strategy 2050, launched in 2017, to increase the contribution of clean energy in the total energy mix to 50% by 2050 while reducing the carbon footprint of power generation by 70%.’	337
During Key Stage 1, pupils build on their natural enthusiasm for movement, using it to explore and learn about their world. They start to work and play with other pupils in pairs and small groups. By watching, listening and experimenting, they develop their skills in movement and coordination, and enjoy expressing and testing themselves in a variety of situations. During Key Stage 2, pupils enjoy being active and using their creativity and imagination in physical activity. They learn new skills, find out how to use them in different ways, and link them to make actions, phrases and sequences of movement. They enjoy communicating, collaborating and competing with each other. They develop an understanding of how to succeed in different activities and learn how to evaluate and recognise their own success. More information can be found using the link below.	159
"Apathy" or apatheia (Greek απάθεια, "absence of feeling"), is a philosophical term originally used by the Stoics to signify a condition of being totally free from the pathe, emotions and passions such as pain, fear, desire, and pleasure. The concept of apathy was developed in response to a problem widely debated by ancient Greek philosophers, of how a human being can achieve true happiness. Apatheia represented a state of tranquility and peace of mind, achieved by becoming indifferent to pleasure or pain and conforming to the inevitable course of events, which was governed by divine will. Later Stoics, recognizing that complete indifference to all passions and desires would be almost impossible to achieve, modified the concept to distinguish certain virtuous desires. This concept was developed in Rome and adapted by early Christians, whose ideal was to rise above earthly desires. The modern use of the word "apathy" usually refers to a psychological state in which an individual feels no interest in the surrounding world. The word "apathy" derives etymologically from the Greek απάθεια (apatheia, "absence of feeling"), a term used by the Stoics to signify a condition of being totally free from the pathe, emotions and passions such as pain, fear, desire, and pleasure. The concept of apatheia was developed in response to a problem widely debated by ancient Greek philosophers, of how a human being can achieve true happiness. Apatheia represented a state of tranquility and peace of mind, achieved by becoming indifferent to pleasure or pain and conforming to the inevitable course of events, which was governed by divine will. Origins of the doctrine can be detected in the attitude of the Cynics (second half of the fourth century B.C.E.), who deliberately subjected themselves to a life of hardship and rejected as valueless anything which did not contribute to virtue. Zeno of Citium (333-264 B.C.E.), who studied under the cynic Crates of Thebes and founded the Stoic school, explicitly taught that a life of tranquility could be achieved by conquering the passions and emotions and conforming to divine will, which governed the universe. Early Stoics taught that the passions and emotions were to be eliminated entirely. Human events which appeared to be tragic or distressing could be seen as leading to some good if the ultimate purposes of divine will were known. Resisting divine will was useless and only resulted in loss of peace of mind. A wise and virtuous man was one who willingly cooperated with divine will and calmly accepted the course of events. Later Stoics responded to the challenge that they were insensitive to human nature by distinguishing between good and bad, or desirable and undesirable "pathe." The Greek Stoic philosopher Panaetius (c.185-109 B.C.E.) rejected the doctrine of apatheia and replaced it with the more Aristotelian ideal of moderation and self-control, suggesting that some of the "goods" in this world might be valuable and worth pursuing for their own sake. Panaetius visited Rome and influenced Publius Scipio Aemilianus, the conqueror of Carthage, who was at the head of a group of prominent Romans known today as the Scipionic Circle. His modified Stoicism became the dominant philosophy in Rome and later influenced the early Christians. Apatheia and Christianity The concept of apatheia was reappropriated by the early Christians, who adopted the term to express a contempt for all earthly concerns. The word was used by a number of devout writers, including Clemens Alexandrinus (d. 216 C.E.), who hoped to attract philosophers who aspired after virtue to Christianity. He expressed the concept in his exhortations to shake off "the chains of flesh" and rise above "earthly things." St. Augustine showed sympathy towards the Stoic doctrine of apatheia. The denial of passions and desires in order to conform to a greater divine will became an essential aspect of the Christian way of life and an element of monastic asceticism. Buddhism and Daoism The concept of apatheia resembles the key Buddhist and Daoist principle of realizing oneness with the Tao (Way) through wu-wei, or "non-doing." Wu-wei refers to spontaneous and effortless behavior that arises from a sense of unity with life, environment, and with others. It is not inertia, laziness, or passivity. Rather, it is the intuitive experience of acting appropriately at any particular moment and relinquishing any effort to control or conquer the environment. Chuang Tzu refers to this type of existence in the world as flowing, or as "purposeless wandering," characterized by "detachment, forgetfulness of results, and abandonment of all hope of profit." Buddhism teaches that unhappiness and suffering are the result of attachment to, or desire for, the things of this world, and that they can be eliminated through following the Eightfold Path. This understanding is contained in the Four Noble Truths: - Dukkha: All worldly life is unsatisfactory, disjointed, containing suffering. - Samudaya: There is a cause of suffering, which is attachment or desire (tanha) rooted in ignorance.	512
This fact sheet was updated 12/16/20. This fact sheet was updated 12/16/20. Aspergillosis is an infectious disease of birds and mammals caused by the fungi in the Aspergillus group. While this disease can affect wild mammals, it is more common in birds, so birds will be the focus of this disease description. The Aspergillus genus was first described in 1729, and it was first recognized to cause disease in wild birds in the early 1800’s. Aspergillus fungi are almost everywhere in the environment and can cause disease in wild and domestic animals, as well as humans. However, the disease is not contagious, meaning it cannot be transmitted from animal to animal nor can it be transmitted from infected animals to humans. Most human cases of aspergillosis occur in those who have some deficiency of their immune system (children, the elderly, those taking immune suppressing drugs, and those with diseases that suppress their immune function). The same is true for birds. For example, lead toxicity, which suppresses and weakens the immune system can predispose bald eagles (and other species) to aspergillosis. Outbreaks of aspergillosis in wild birds may be associated with outbreaks in domestic birds if they have access to a common source of the fungus. In wild populations, outbreaks of aspergillosis can result in high mortality. Aspergillosis can also be a problem in wild birds that are kept in captivity. All species of birds (wild and domestic) are considered susceptible to aspergillosis, although the majority of reported cases occur in raptors, waterfowl, and gulls. Many species of domestic (cows, horses, sheep, pigs, etc.) and wild (elk, bison, hares, deer, etc.) mammals have been reported with this disease, but the cases are sporadic and it is not a major concern for populations. Humans can be infected. With the exception of Antarctica, Aspergillus fungi are found worldwide and is frequently diagnosed in a variety of avian species throughout New England. It lives in soil and decaying animal, plant and feed material, especially decaying seeds, feeds, grains, peanuts, cereal, and vegetables. Aspergillosis is primarily transmitted via inhalation of fungal spores. The fungus can produce a tremendous number of spores when in a warm and moist environment. Healthy birds and mammals can inhale a certain number of spores without becoming ill. For example, studies show that day old chicks must inhale about 6 million spores to become fatally sick, while adult birds must inhale 17 million spores to produce fatal illness. Some more susceptible species may require a lower dose to produce fatal illness. Oral ingestion of spores is unlikely to cause serious disease, but aspergillosis can be transmitted when spores are introduced to the body in puncture wounds. Aspergillus spores are capable of penetrating eggshells and can result in embryonic death or hatching of infected chicks. Outbreaks are more likely to occur when populations that flock together in high densities such as during migrations are exposed to a common source of Aspergillus. Sporadic cases of individuals with aspergillosis also occur in the wild but are more likely to go unnoticed. Most outbreaks in waterfowl occur in the fall and early winter. All birds are more susceptible to aspergillosis in times of stress or reduced immune function. For example, birds that are malnourished, oiled, captured and placed in captivity, overcrowded, or suffering from another disease condition are more likely to develop clinical aspergillosis. Poor living conditions in captivity, such as poor ventilation and sanitation, high humidity and temperature, and old bird feed, can increase the concentration of Aspergillus spores and thus increase the chances of an aspergillosis outbreak within a captive flock. Aspergillosis can cause acute or chronic illness. Birds that are acutely infected will die quickly from respiratory distress. These birds may exhibit lethargy, dehydration, loss of appetite, diarrhea, and may be gasping for breath before they die. Some birds may be found dead without observation of clinical signs. Acute infections are more common in younger birds, while older birds are more prone to chronic, slowly progressive disease. Chronically infected birds may exhibit loss of body condition, lethargy, loss of appetite, difficulty flying and breathing, vomiting, and diarrhea. They may also show signs of neurological disease. Many organ systems can be affected, but aspergillosis usually targets the respiratory system. Once the fungus becomes established, it produces poisonous substances or toxins which can damage various tissues. At necropsy, chronically infected birds will have cheese-like yellow or white plaques or nodules in their lungs, air sacs, and other organs such as the liver. They may also have fungus growing on respiratory tissues that resembles bread mold. Acutely infected birds are more likely to have firm, dark red lungs with small yellow nodules scattered throughout. Several laboratory tests and microscopic evaluation can be used to identify the Aspergillus fungus. Treatment of aspergi	512
Islam is one of the most ethnically diverse religious groups in the world, and Muslims live in countries all over the world. As a result of this wide-ranging geographical location, from Indonesia to England to Brazil to Kenya to Bosnia to Saudi Arabia to Turkey and with representation in almost every country in the world, Muslims represent the variety of different cultural dressing traditions that can be found across the globe. This diversity is strongly reflected in the way that Muslims dress, and most Muslims dress according to the majority culture in which they live. American Muslims who live in the United States, for example, might wear suits or jeans or t-shirts or any sort of clothing that is similar to what any other American might wear. A Muslim man living in Sohag, Egypt, however, might dress in a jalabiya robe, similar to how other men in the region would dress. There is no end to the diversity of what Muslims around the world wear, because it is reflective of the diversity of dress around the world in general. There are items of clothing, however, which are specific to the Muslim faith. Some Muslim men will wear a kufi cap during prayer, or when performing a religious obligation (or throughout the day in some countries). These head covering differ in different countries. They are usually round and somewhat raised, but not too tall, and they can be very colorful. Depending on the country, some Muslim men will wear robes, or more elaborately draped headscarves, or even dress in all white. For Muslim men, the decision to cover one’s head is based on the practice of the Prophet Muhammed to keep his head covered, which is understood to make the act praiseworthy, as a way to emulate the prophet. Muslim women also might wear specific religious items of clothing, particularly to cover their heads. While not all Muslim women choose to cover their heads, some of the most popular options include the headscarf, niqab, al-Amira, shayla, khimar, dupatta, and chador coverings. Some of these are usually only worn by women in very conservative Muslim denominations, or living in very conservative Muslim countries. Some of these styles are only popular in certain countries, or closely associated with a particular culture or interpretation of Islamic law. The head coverings can be worn in a variety of colors, textures, and styles. The Quran, the central divine text of Islam, instructs Muslims to dress modestly, and behave accordingly. This has often been expressed in modesty understandings around dress and behavior for both Muslim men and women. A devout Muslim will likely not be comfortable wearing incredibly revealing clothing, or clothing which is see-through, made of sheer mesh, or otherwise capable of exposing one’s body. 2/10/2021 9:20:20 PM	512
Sources: The Library of Congress Country Studies; CIA World Factbook The main variable of Indonesia's climate is not temperature or air pressure, but rainfall. The almost uniformly warm waters that make up 81 percent of Indonesia's area ensure that temperatures on land remain fairly constant (see table 2, Appendix). Split by the equator, the archipelago is almost entirely tropical in climate, with the coastal plains averaging 28°C, the inland and mountain areas averaging 26°C, and the higher mountain regions, 23°C. The area's relative humidity ranges between 70 and 90 percent. Winds are moderate and generally predictable, with monsoons usually blowing in from the south and east in June through September and from the northwest in December through March. Typhoons and largescale storms pose little hazard to mariners in Indonesia waters; the major danger comes from swift currents in channels, such as the Lombok and Sape straits. The extreme variations in rainfall are linked with the monsoons. Generally speaking, there is a dry season (June to September), influenced by the Australian continental air masses, and a rainy season (December to March) that is the result of mainland Asia and Pacific Ocean air masses. Local wind patterns, however, can greatly modify these general wind patterns, especially in the islands of central Maluku--Seram, Ambon, and Buru. This oscillating seasonal pattern of wind and rain is related to Indonesia's geographical location as an archipelago between two large continents. In July and August, high pressure over the Australian desert moves winds from that continent toward the northwest. As the winds reach the equator, the earth's rotation causes them to veer off their original course in a northeasterly direction toward the Southeast Asian mainland. During January and February, a corresponding high pressure system over the Asian mainland causes the pattern to reverse. The resultant monsoon is augmented by humid breezes from the Indian Ocean, producing significant amounts of rain throughout many parts of the archipelago. Prevailing wind patterns interact with local topographic conditions to produce significant variations in rainfall throughout the archipelago. In general, western and northern parts of Indonesia experience the most precipitation, since the north- and westward-moving monsoon clouds are heavy with moisture by the time they reach these more distant regions. Western Sumatra, Java, Bali, the interiors of Kalimantan, Sulawesi, and Irian Jaya are the most predictably damp regions of Indonesia, with rainfall measuring more than 2,000 millimeters per year. In part, this moisture originates on strategically located high mountain peaks that trap damp air. The city of Bogor, near Jakarta, lays claim to having to world's highest number of rainstorms per year--322. On the other hand, the islands closest to Australia--including Nusa Tenggara and the eastern tip of Java--tend to be dry, with some areas experiencing less than 1,000 millimeters per year. To complicate the situation, some of the islands of the southern Malukus experience highly unpredictable rainfall patterns, depending on local wind currents. Although air temperature changes little from season to season or from one region to the next, cooler temperatures prevail at higher elevations. In general, temperatures drop approximately 1° per 90 meters increase in elevation from sea level with some highaltitude interior mountain regions experiencing night frosts. The highest mountain ranges in Irian Jaya are permanently capped with snow. Located on the equator, the archipelago experiences relatively little change in the length of daylight hours from one season to the next; the difference between the longest day and the shortest day of the year is only forty-eight minutes. The archipelago stretches across three time zones: Western Indonesian Time--seven hours in advance of Greenwich Mean Time (GMT)--includes Sumatra, Java, and eastern Kalimantan; Central Indonesian Time--eight hours head of GMT--includes western Kalimantan, Nusa Tenggara, and Sulawesi; and Eastern Indonesian Time--nine hours ahead of GMT-- includes the Malukus and Irian Jaya. The boundary between the western and central time zones--established in 1988--is a line running north between Java and Bali through the center of Kalimantan. The border between central and eastern time zones runs north from the eastern tip of Timor to the eastern tip of Sulawesi. Data as of November 1992 NOTE: The information regarding Indonesia on this page is re-published from The Library of Congress Country Studies and the CIA World Factbook. No claims are made regarding the accuracy of Indonesia Climate information contained here. All suggestions for corrections of any errors about Indonesia Climate should be addressed to the Library of Congress and the CIA.	512
Objective: Children will plant and care for an outdoor garden and learn that all living things need air, food, and water to survive. ‹ Return to Theme Note: This is an ongoing project and will require regular watering and weeding to maintain the garden. Planting and caring for a garden can be a richly rewarding outdoor experience for children. Just by being outside, children’s senses are awakened as they see, smell, touch, and hear the natural environment around them. The exposure to Earth, water, air, and other living things paves the way for children to appreciate and learn from nature. In planting and watching food grow, children learn that many of our foods come from the Earth, even though we purchase them from the grocery store. Children learn how important water is for plant growth and how seeds grow and change. Children will discover how all living things have the same basic needs—food, water, air, and a safe place to live. These lessons are aligned with the Common Core State Standards ("CCSS"). The CCSS provide a consistent, clear understanding of the concepts and skills children are expected to learn and guide teachers to provide their students with opportunities to gain these important skills and foundational knowledge. While we believe that the books and resources recommended may be of value to you, keep in mind that these are suggestions only and you must do your own due diligence to determine whether the materials are appropriate and suitable for your use. PNC has no sponsorship or endorsement agreement with the authors or publishers of the materials listed. There are currently no Common Core Standards for pre-k, but these lessons are aligned as closely as possible to capture the requirements and meet the goals of Common Core Standards. However, these lessons were neither reviewed or approved by the National Governors Association Center for Best Practices or the Council of Chief State School Officers, which together are the owners and developers of the Common Core State Standards. Read a summary of privacy rights for California residents which outlines the types of information we collect, and how and why we use that information.	420
Sun protection in the winter Sun protection may not be top of mind for outdoor workers during the colder months, but ignoring skin protection in the wintertime is a mistake. To help protect against sun exposure and skin cancer, the Skin Cancer Foundation recommends following these steps: Face: When applying sunscreen, use a product with an SPF of at least 15. However, when working outside for extended periods of time, use sunscreen with an SPF of 30 or higher. Workers should apply a nickel-sized amount of sunscreen to their face 30 minutes before heading outside, and then reapply after two hours outdoors or profuse sweating. And don’t neglect your nose. “More than 30 percent of all facial basal cell carcinomas (the most common skin cancers) occur on the nose, making it the most frequent site for skin cancers of the head and neck,” the foundation points out, so add an extra dab there. Head and neck:The head and neck are particularly vulnerable to melanoma, the deadliest form of skin cancer. “According to research from the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, patients with melanomas of the head and neck – including the scalp – were almost twice as likely to die from the disease as patients with melanomas on other areas, including the trunk, facial skin and ears,” the foundation states. To help protect the head and neck, SCF advises workers to wear wide-brimmed hats that have at least a 3-inch brim. Opaque material with dense, tightly woven fabrics is best. Apply sunscreen anywhere your head and scalp are exposed to the sun, and don’t forget the part in your hair or any bald or thinning spots. Lips: When applying sunscreen, make sure to include your lips. Either add sunscreen to your lips or use a lip balm that has SPF protection. Eyes: Although hats can help provide eye protection, it’s best to wear UV-blocking eyewear when working outside.	415
St. James the Apostle has a long standing history of using technology to enhance our traditional academic curriculum. Along with the ISTE Standards (which incorporate creativity, collaboration and critical thinking), our teachers have embraced the use of technology applying the SAMR model. This model defines how technology impacts teaching and learning and is implemented to guide our teachers in their planning of assignments and projects that integrate the use of chromebooks, iPads, and STEM lab. St James the Apostle provides students with knowledge and skills of the 21st century to prepare them for careers of the future using state-of-the-art technology. *St. James the Apostle has a personalized learning focus to have students proficient in Apple and Google Chrome platforms. Get the latest news updates from St. James Apostle Catholic School. 490 South Park Blvd. Glen Ellyn, Illinois © 2021 St. James Apostle Catholic School. All Rights Reserved.	185
Researchers have shown that it’s possible to dramatically to reduce the cost of safely transporting damaged electric vehicle batteries by freezing them As sales of electric vehicles increases, there is more concern for the transportation of damaged and defective lithium ion battery packs. Currently, it is an expensive process, as they are put in an explosion proof box that costs €10,000 and a further €10,000 for the UN accreditation, for which EV manufacturers are picking up the bill. But now, Researchers from WMG at the University of Warwick in collaboration with Jaguar Land Rover engineers have been able to freeze batteries with liquid Nitrogen. In the paper, ‘Cycle life of lithium ion batteries after flash cryogenic freezing’ published in the Journal of Energy Storage, researchers highlight that cryogenic freezing does not reduce lithium ion battery’s energy capacity or affect cycle or service life, and could be transported in a safer way. Explosion boxes are used to contain the battery in case it goes into thermal runway, an overheating condition which can lead to violent explosions and toxic gases being released. However being able to cryogenically flash freeze the batteries completely removes the risk of an explosion, and could therefore mean they can be transported safely in a plastic box. Researchers who were part of the ELEVATE project funded by ESPRC, Catapult and supported by Jaguar Land Rover tested the batteries activity before they froze cells with liquid nitrogen and after, they also drove nails through the frozen cell to test the safety of them, and managed to show that their performance was not effected after freezing. When being transported batteries will have to be kept in a lorry at -35 degrees, however the amount of packaging is significantly less than explosion proof boxes, making the process more sustainable. Commenting on the project WMG’s Dr Thomas Grandjean said: “Transporting damaged and defective batteries is an expensive and unsustainable process, however being able to freeze them with liquid nitrogen could save thousands of pounds and help electric vehicle manufacturers be more sustainable.	415
While at Microsoft, Mark Zbikowski developed the MS-DOS executable file format to start with his initials, MZ. These letters translate in hexadecimal to 4D5A. When header inspection of a file a malware analyst commonly checks the first two bytes for this value to qualify that the file is an executable. 4D5A in hex represents the “MZ” header of a Windows executable. The center of our wheelhouse is support for architecture, malware analysis and incident response, and security for Windows based servers and hosts and medium to large networks. Extending this further, 4D5A security knows how to ‘execute’ to best meet the needs of a client. A little more detail for the geek inside of you: Content inspection is increasingly important as a form of triage and follow on investigation related to malware. Malicious actors may attempt to conceal the true nature of a file by giving it a false extension, such as “.jpg”, when it is in fact a Trojan (executable). Examples exist online, related to both eCrime and espionage, where such tactics are utilized to subvert simple high level security measures from IDS, IPS, and/or even netflow analysis by humans. Experienced incident responder, forensic, and similar security experts must perform content inspection along with other forms of static, dynamic, and/or reverse engineering methods to properly interpret a file and it’s function. The puzzle can become even more challenging if obfuscation, such as base64, XOR, and/or other encryption are performed on a data file using a false extension. If you’re a computer expert you may be wondering, how does an executable inside of an image file get executed? That depends upon several factors, but it is common for malware on a system to download a secondary payload, which is obfuscated as an image file, and then perform operations to install it on the system. This bypasses the common Windows process where an extension and header are used to identify a file type and then open or run it accordingly. This method is used by malicious actors as a way to conceal attack files as well as subvert common security controls.	455
\|Item type\|\|Location\|\|Call number\|\|Copy\|\|Status\|\|Date due\| \|Books\|\|Generale\|\|418.401 / 1 (Browse shelf)\|\|Copy 001\|\|Available\| Bibliogr. p. 331-375. The new science of reading -- How do we read? -- The brain's letterbox -- The reading ape -- Inventing reading -- Learning to read -- The dyslexic brain -- Reading and symmetry -- Toward a culture of neurons -- The future of reading. In this riveting investigation, Stanislas Dehaene provides an accessible account of the brain circuitry of reading and explores what he calls the "reading paradox": Our cortex is the product of millions of years of evolution in a world without writing, so how did it adapt to recognize words?	165
Reading time ( words) For a newborn giraffe or wildebeest, being born can be a perilous introduction to the world—predators lie in wait for an opportunity to make a meal of the herd’s weakest member. This is why many species have evolved ways for their juveniles to find their footing within minutes of birth. It’s an astonishing evolutionary feat that has long inspired biologists and roboticists. Now a team of USC researchers at the USC Viterbi School of Engineering believe they have become the first to create an AI-controlled robotic limb driven by animal-like tendons that can be tripped up and then recover within the time of the next footfall, a task for which the robot was never explicitly programmed to do. Francisco J. Valero-Cuevas, a professor of Biomedical Engineering and professor of Biokinesiology & Physical Therapy at USC, in a project with USC Viterbi School of Engineering doctoral student Ali Marjaninejad and two other doctoral students—Darío Urbina-Meléndez and Brian Cohn, has developed a bio-inspired algorithm that can learn a new walking task by itself after only 5 minutes of unstructured play, and then adapt to other tasks without any additional programming. Their article, outlined in the March cover article of Nature Machine Intelligence, opens exciting possibilities for understanding human movement and disability, creating responsive prosthetics, and robots that can interact with complex and changing environments like space exploration and search-and-rescue. “Nowadays, it takes the equivalent of months or years of training for a robot to be ready to interact with the world, but we want to achieve the quick learning and adaptations seen in nature,” said senior author Valero-Cuevas, who also has appointments in computer science, electrical and computer engineering, aerospace and mechanical engineering and neuroscience at USC. Marjaninejad, a doctoral candidate in the Department of Biomedical Engineering at USC, and the paper’s lead author, said this breakthrough is akin to the natural learning that happens in babies. Marjaninejad explains, the robot was first allowed to understand its environment in a process of free play (or what is known as ‘motor babbling’). “These random movements of the leg allow the robot to build an internal map of its limb and its interactions with the environment,” said Marjaninejad. The paper’s authors say that, unlike most current work, their robots learn-by-doing, and without any prior or parallel computer simulations to guide learning. Marjaninejad also added this is particularly important because programmers can predict and code for multiple scenarios, but not for every possible scenario—thus pre-programmed robots are inevitably prone to failure. “However, if you let these [new] robots learn from relevant experience, then they will eventually find a solution that, once found, will be put to use and adapted as needed. The solution may not be perfect, but will be adopted if it is good enough for the situation. Not every one of us needs or wants—or is able to spend the time and effort— to win an Olympic medal,” Marjaninejad said.	512

End of preview. Expand in Data Studio

FineWeb-Sample-5.97B-512

Dataset Description

This dataset contains approximately 5.97 billion tokens (5,968,954,880 tokens) sampled from the FineWeb-Edu dataset. Each text sample is capped at a maximum of 512 tokens.